Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho

Suárez-Castro, Andrés F, Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E & Velazco, Paúl M, 2017, Lonchorhina marinkellei (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), Mammalian Species 49 (950), pp. 76-80 : 76-79

Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and

Cadena-G., 1978

Marinkelle’s Sword-nosed Bat

Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G., 1978:229. Type locality “Durania (también conocida como Urania), cerca a Mitú, Comisaría del Vaupés, Colombia.”

Lonchorina marinkellei Montenegro and Romero-Ruíz, 2000:644. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G., 1978.

L [onchorhina]. marinkelli Muñoz, 2001:214 . Incorrect subsequent spelling of Lonchorhina marinkellei HernándezCamacho and Cadena-G., 1978.

Lonchorhina marinkelli Muñoz Saba, Hoyos Rodríguez, and Baptiste, 2007:57.Incorrect subsequent spelling of Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G., 1978.

Lonchorhina marinkelle Muñoz Saba, Hoyos Rodríguez, and Baptiste, 2007:59.Incorrect subsequent spelling of Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G., 1978.

Lonchorrhina marinkellei Mantilla-Meluk, Jiménez-Ortega, and Baker, 2009:4 . Incorrect subsequent spelling of Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G., 1978.

CONTEXT AND CONTENT. Order Chiroptera , subor-

Lonchorhina marinkellei (Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [ICN] specimen 12590; adult female).

Lonchorhininae, genus Lonchorhina ( Baker et al. 2003; Teeling et al. 2005). Lonchorhina marinkellei is monotypic ( Simmons 2005; Williams and Genoways 2008).

NOMENCLATURAL NOTES. The specific epithet name, marinkellei , was given in honor of Cornelius J. Marinkelle, who collected the holotype and contributed significantly to the knowledge of Colombian bats (Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978). Vernacular names for Lonchorhina marinkellei are Marinkelle’s sword-nosed bat, murciélago narigón de Marinkelle, and murciélago orejón de Marinkelle (Rodríguez-Mahecha et al. 1995; Muñoz Arango 2001; Simmons 2005).

Lonchorhina marinkellei was described based on only 1 female specimen (holotype). Although 2 specimens were included as “paratopotypes” (= paratypes —Cadena and Muñoz- Saba 2007), these specimens were collected 6 years after the description of the taxon and are not part of the type series of the species (Ramírez-Chaves 2011).

Lonchorhina marinkellei , the second largest species of the genus, is distinguished from other species of the genus by a combination of characters including size, pelage coloration, and morphology of the skull. The forearm length of L. marinkellei is> 59.0 mm and greatest length of the skull ranges from 24.7 to 27.4 mm, whereas ranges of forearm length and greatest length of skull, respectively, for other species are as follows: uncommon sword-nosed bat— L. inusitata (52.4–56.8 mm, 22.0– 22.9 mm); common sword-nosed bat— L. aurita (48.8–51.9, 19.5–21.1 mm); Orinocoan sword-nosed bat— L. orinocensis (40.5–43.6, 18.6–19.7 mm); Mamkomara sword-nosed bat–– L. mankomara (64.1, 27.6 mm); and Fernandez’s sword-nosed bat— L. fernandezi (41.2–43.9, 17.1–17.7 mm —Linares and Ojasti 1971; Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978; Ochoa-G. and Ibáńez 1984; Ochoa-G. and Sánchez 1988; Lassieur and Wilson 1989; Handley and Ochoa-G. 1997; Linares 1998; Mantilla-Meluk and Montenegro 2016).

Lonchorhina marinkellei differs externally and cranially from L. mankomara , the other large species of Lonchorhina . According to Mantilla-Meluk and Montenegro (2016), hairs on the chest are short in L. marinkellei , whereas they are long in L. mankomara ; the sagittal crest is lacking in L. marinkellei , whereas it is present in L. mankomara ; the lower incisors are trilobed in L. marinkellei , whereas they are bilobed in L. mankomara .

GENERAL CHARACTERS

Lonchorhina marinkellei is a medium–large sized bat with a long, distinctively pointed nose leaf ( Fig. 1 ). The dorsal pelage is long (ca. 12 mm) brownish dark, paler on neck, ears, and head. The venter is brown with white tipped hairs, which makes it paler than the dorsum ( Fig. 1 ). The pinnae (38 mm) and tragi (19 mm) are long. The tragi are subtriangular and present an external basal lobe. Nose leaf well developed (maximum length = 36.6 mm, maximum breadth = 12.4 mm), not crenulated, with well-marked longitudinal grooves (HernándezCamacho and Cadena-G. 1978). Wing membranes are black and sparsely haired. The metacarpal III is longer than metacarpal IV, with metacarpal V being the smallest. Calcar length is equal or longer than foot length.

Lonchorhina marinkellei presents a long tail with 8 visible caudal vertebrae enclosed within the uropatagium, except for the last vertebra, in which one-half is projected beyond the border of the uropatagium. Average external measurements (mm; with range and sample size) taken from labels of specimens housed at the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, were: total length, 132.5 (128.5–138.5, n = 5); tail length, 61.22 (56.8–64.2, n = 5); hind foot length, 17.8 (16.9– 18.7, n = 5); ear length, 36.6 (34.5–37.7, n = 5); forearm length, 62.02 (59.1–64.3, n = 5).

The skull is narrow and distinctively concave between the orbits. The rostrum is moderately long and elevated at the same height of the basicranum ( Fig. 2 ). The nasal bones are convex and divergent posteriorly. The postorbital constriction is pronounced and the zygomatic arches are anteriorly convergent. The zygomatic breadth is greater than the mastoid breadth. The interorbital fossa is deep and the postorbital constriction relatively long (Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978; Handley and Ochoa-G. 1997).

Selected craniodental measurements (mm; with range, and sample size) were: greatest length of skull, 25.43 (24.7–25.97, n = 4); condylobasal length, 24.12 (23.8–24.8, n = 4); zygomatic breadth, 13.99 (13.6–14.2, n = 3); least interorbital breadth, 6.1 (6.0–6.29, n = 4); upper toothrow length, 8.45 (8.3–8.7, n = 4); mandible length, 16.4 (15.7–16.8, n = 4). Additional cranial measurements are available (Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978; Handley and Ochoa-G. 1997).

DISTRIBUTION

Lonchorhina marinkellei is endemic to eastern Colombia, it is only known from 1 locality ( Fig. 3 ), at the southwestern edge of the Colombian Guyana Shield ( Berry et al. 1995; Williams and Genoways 2008). The type locality occurs in eastern Amazonia at 10 km east of Durania, in the Department of Vaupés (01°16′N, 70°11′W, 180 m). Although not supported by the collection of specimens in the area, it has been suggested that L. marinkellei is possibly present in the Department of Amazonas in Colombia, reaching an elevation up to 500 m ( Solari et al. 2013). No fossils are known.

FORM AND FUNCTION

The stomach of the holotype of Lonchorhina marinkellei presented a short and convex lesser curvature. The fundus of the stomach was very developed with thin walls (HernándezCamacho and Cadena-G. 1978). The dental formula is i 2/2, c 1/1, p 2/3, m 3/3, total 34. The dilambdodont design of the cheek teeth suggests an insectivorous diet. The inner upper incisors are trilobulated, chisel-shaped, and larger than the outer upper incisors. The 1st upper premolar is reduced and lingually displaced. The lower incisors are trilobulated (Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978; Mantilla-Meluk and Montenegro 2016).

ONTOGENY AND REPRODUCTION

The fetus found in the holotype of Lonchorhina marinkellei presented deciduous upper premolars with different heights (3rd> 2nd> 1st); the 1st upper deciduous premolar is separated from the deciduous canine and posterior premolars (2nd and 3rd) by large diastemata, whereas the other deciduous premolars are next to each other. The 3rd deciduous upper premolar is doublerooted. The deciduous lower premolars are also different in size (3rd> 2nd> 4th> 1st) with the anterior one reduced and lingually displaced. The anterior lower premolar is separated from the deciduous canine and deciduous p2 by large diastemata. The diastema between deciduous p2 and deciduous p3 is small, and the deciduous p4 is largely separated from the deciduous p3. However, there is confusion with the number of deciduous teeth because the following information has been provided for the dental formula of the same fetus: di 2/3, dc 1/1, dp 3/3, total 26. According to the description presented by Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. (1978), the dental formula must be di 2/3, dc 1/1, dp 3/4, total 28. Therefore, this information needs to be revaluated. The fetus was not totally covered by fur and weighed 5.8 g; it showed a well developed nose leaf (Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978).

A pregnant female (holotype) was collected on 8 August 1967. The fetus was implanted inside the right uterine horn (Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978).

Figures

Fig. 1.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the study skin of

Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull and lateral view of mandible oftheadult femaleholotypeLonchorhinamarinkellei (Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [ICN] specimen 5459) from Urania, Mitú, Vaupés, Colombia. Condylobasal length of the skull is 24.7 mm.

Fig. 3.—Geographic distribution of Lonchorhina marinkellei. The square indicates the only locality known for the species.