PARNIPINAE

Fredrik Ronquist & José Luis Nieves-Aldrey, 2001, A new subfamily of Figitidae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133, pp. 483-494 : 485-486

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1006/zjls.2001.0302

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5661827

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C11487C8-FFB0-4F6D-B922-252BFADBFE1D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

PARNIPINAE
status

SUBFAM. NOV.

PARNIPINAE RONQUIST & NIEVES-ALDREY,

SUBFAM. NOV.

Based on Parnips new genus ( Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ).

Diagnosis. Differs from all other figitids by the combination of a dull mesoscutum and the lack of a horizontal mesopleural furrow ( Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A,B). Differs from cynipids by having a prominent lateral pronotal carina (lpc, Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A) (present only in Synergus among cynipids), a closed marginal cell ( Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ) (usually open in cynipids), Rs+M issuing from the posterior end of the basal vein ( Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ), and a basal flexion point in the ninth tergum of the female (flp, Fig. 8 View Figure 8 ). The new subfamily also differs in a number of additional respects from cynipids, figitids and other cynipoids ( Ronquist, 1995a, 1999; Liljeblad & Ronquist, 1998). Possible autapomorphies (see also discussion below) of the Parnipinae include the pronotal depressions being united medially with a shallow transverse furrow ( Fig. 5 A), the procoxa having a distinct anterolateral crest, and the median mesoscutal impression and notauli being indistinct anteriorly ( Fig. 4 View Figure 4 B) ( Ronquist 1995a, 1999; Liljeblad & Ronquist, 1998). However, none of these characters is uniquely derived within the Figitidae + Cynipidae .

Description. Female antenna connate, not moniliform. Lower face without median frontal carina ( Fig. 3 View Figure 3 A). Head not distinctly depressed posteriorly ( Fig. 3 View Figure 3 B). Occipital carina missing. Anterior flange of pronotum short ( Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A). Lateral pronotal carina (lpc, Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A) prominent. Dorsal pronotal area (dpa, Fig. 4 View Figure 4 B) short, pronotal crest missing. Mesoscutum with dull sculpture, without prominent transverse costae. Mesopleural triangle distinctly impressed ( Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A). Posterior subalar pit present. Mesopleuron without horizontal furrow or carinae. Bulla in R1+Sc present ( Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ). Submedian pits on articular bulb of petiole deep and distinct ( Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ). Abdominal terga 3–8 free. Third abdominal tergum of female longer than the fourth along the dorsal curvature of the metasoma; posterior margin oblique in lateral view ( Fig. 7 View Figure 7 A). Ovipositor coiled spirally almost 360°, not elbowed ( Fig. 8 View Figure 8 ). Ninth tergum of female with a distinct flexion point above the base of the third valvula. Dorsal process anterior to the flexion point absent. Basal part of terebra twisted 180° so that the first valvulae are in dorsal position at the apex. First valvula narrowing gradually, not broadened apically.

Diversity and distribution. Includes a single genus and species occurring in the Mediterranean region.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Figitidae

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