Perilampsis woodi (Bezzi)

Meyer, Marc De, 2009, Taxonomic revision of the fruit fly genus Perilampsis Bezzi (Diptera, Tephritidae), Journal of Natural History 43 (39 - 40), pp. 2425-2463 : 2459-2461

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930903207868
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1499727-E22A-AC52-E244-FA45FE54619C
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Perilampsis woodi (Bezzi)
status

Treatment

Perilampsis woodi (Bezzi) View in CoL

( Figures 2J View Figure 2 , 3J View Figure 3 , 4E View Figure 4 )

Carpophthoromyia woodi Bezzi, 1924a, p. 96 View in CoL .

Perilampsis thrinax Munro, 1969, p. 432 View in CoL ; synonymized by Hancock, 1987. Carpophthoromyia woodi: Cogan and Munro, 1980, p. 528 View in CoL (Afrotropical catalogue). Perilampsis woodi: Hancock, 1987 View in CoL (synonymy thrinax View in CoL , Zimbabwe record); Norrbom et al., 1999, p. 186 (world catalogue); Hancock, 2003 ( Zimbabwe record); Hancock et al., 2003 ( Namibia record).

Diagnosis

Arista pubescent; scutum with one or two transverse bands; postpronotum white; scutellum white; anatergite and katatergite brown; legs yellow with femora dark; wing, anterior apical band complete and very wide, merged with discal band as oblique band, posterior apical band present; abdomen mainly shining black-brown.

Description

Head. Antennal segments brown. Arista short pubescent, longest rays at most equal to width of base of arista. Frons ventral half yellow-white, dorsal part darker yellow. Two frontals, placed parallel to medial eye margin; two orbitals, placed slightly convergent with anterior orbital located more medially. Face white, below antennal implant with distinct brown band. Occiput in dorsal part with pair of black-brown patches, otherwise dark yellow.

Thorax. Scutum shining brown; dark dispersed pilosity, two transverse bands with silvery pilosity and microtrichosity, one anteriorly of transverse suture, second near dorsocentral setae; second one sometimes missing. Postpronotum white. Anepisternum brown, with white band occupying posterodorsal part, its ventral margin reaching posteroventral corner or almost so; with pale pilosity; one anepisternal seta. Anatergite and katatergite brown. Scutellum white. Subscutellum brown. Legs pale yellow, femora and knees brown.

Wing ( Figure 2J View Figure 2 ). Anterior part of wing completely brownish coloured by broad band reaching from well below bcu appendix to apex of wing, covering largely cells br and basal half dm, the latter along an oblique line up till where crossvein R-M touches vein M. Posterior apical band touching former band near middle of cell r 4+5. Basal part of wing completely brownish coloured. R-M ratio 1.92–2.18.

Abdomen. Shining dark black-brown, posterior margin of tergites 2–4 with greyish band, anteriorly more yellow; tergite 5 with median yellow patch.

Female. As male. Female terminalia, oviscape at least as long as abdominal tergites, black to black-brown colour, with black pilosity. Aculeus ( Figure 3J View Figure 3 ) brown, stout cylindrical, about 17 times as long as wide; aculeus tip ( Figure 4E View Figure 4 ) bluntly pointed, with slightly convex lateral margins, not sinuate.

Body length. 3.40–4.80 mm; wing length 3.85–4.90 mm.

Material examined

Syntype series woodi. 233, MALAWI, Nyasaland , Ruo, 9.IX.1916, R.C. Wood, on tassels of maize ( BMNH) .

Holotype thrinax. 13, NIGERIA, Zaria , Samaru, 3.XII.1967, J.C. Deeming ( BMNH).

Paratype thrinax. 13, IVORY COAST, Bingerville , October 1962, J. Decelle ( KMMA) .

Other material. ANGOLA: 13, Rio Longa , 4mls S. Lussusso, 8.III.1972 ( BMNH) . NIGERIA: Kioyi , Lagos, 13, 16.X.1974; 1♀, 21.X.1974, both M.A. Cornes ( BMNH) ; 13, Samaru , 18–25.V.1970, P.H. Ward, mercury vapour light trap ( BMNH) .

Distribution

Angola, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Nigeria. Also known from Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe ( Hancock et al. 2003)

Comments

Apparently Munro was not aware in 1969 that P. woodi was a true Perilampsis rather than a Carpophthoromyia , hence he redescribed it as P. thrinax . Study of type material of both has confirmed they are synonymous.

Host plant relationships

All African Ceratitidina are known to feed on fruits during their larval stage (only representatives of the genus Capparimyia are reported from both flower heads and fruits of Capparaceae ( De Meyer and Freidberg 2005) . Representatives of the genus Perilampsis are specialized in the sense that all reliable host records so far (for eight different species) are restricted to the Loranthaceae or mistletoe family, a family of photosynthetic, mainly epiphytic hemiparasites. Only two Perilampsis specimens were labelled (both collected at same locality and date but belonging to two completely different species: P. formosula and P. pulchella ; cf material examined under respective taxa) as being reared from Ficus , but these are questionable records given the consistency of the other rearings. All Loranthaceae host records belong to representatives of the genera Agelanthus , Erianthemum , Loranthus , Oncocalyx, Phragmantera , and Tapinanthus . The larvae are furthermore rare in that they are seed feeders, while most other Ceratitidina are pulp feeders (some Ceratitis species like C. divaricata (Munro) and C. munroanum (Bezzi) are also reported from seeds of Ekebergia capensis ). Furthermore, the larvae stay within the fruits with the puparia covered in a latex ( Munro 1939b), rather than moving to the soil as observed in most other fruit infesting fruit flies.

Other Ceratitidina are reported from seeds of Loranthaceae in Asia and Australia. There are confirmed host data for five Ceratitella Malloch species : C. asiatica Hardy from Pakistan, and C. amyemae Permkam and Hancock , C. bifasciata Hardy , C. loranthi (Froggatt) and C. unifasciata Hardy from Australia ( Hardy 1967; Hancock et al. 2000). Hardy (1967) also presumed that representatives of the genus Paraceratitella Hardy might be associated with mistletoe species but all existing host records so far are from flower buds of Capparaceae ( Hancock et al. 2000) . The exact phylogenetic relationship between African and Oriental/Australasian mistletoe feeders needs to be investigated, preferably within a general phylogenetic study of the Ceratitidina genera.