Actinopus reycali, Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018

Ríos-Tamayo, D. & Goloboff, P. A., 2018, Taxonomic Revision And Morphology Of The Trapdoor Spider Genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) In Argentina, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (419), pp. 1-84 : 17-21

Actinopus reycali , sp. nov.

Figures 6A–G, 7A–E, 43

TYPE MATERIAL: HOLOTYPE ♂ (MACN-Ar 36518). Salta, Parque Nacional “El Rey” [24°42′ S 64°37′ W], 10 Nov. 1976, M. Rumboll, 1♂. PARATYPES: 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36519), same locality, January 1981, Grosso and P. Goloboff. Campamento Vespucio [22°35′ S 63°48′ W], May. 1983, P. Goloboff, 3♀ (MACN-Ar 36520). Jujuy. Parque Nacional “Calilegua,” Puesto Mesada (23°42′ S 64°52′ W, 1129 m), 8 Dec. 2012, D. Ríos-Tamayo, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36521).

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, reycali , is an amalgamation of the names of the two National Parks where most specimens of this species were collected, Parque Nacional El Rey and Parque Nacional Calilegua.

DIAGNOSIS: Females of A. reycali can be distinguished by the shape of their spermathecae, robust and wide at the base (fig. 7D–E). Males can be distinguished from all members of the genus by the shape of the copulatory bulb (fig. 6D–F) with ATA little developed (larger in A. septemtrionalis ) and AME large. Males also differ from A. septemtrionalis and A. clavero by their larger size and very dark color. Females differ from A. septemtrionalis and A. clavero by their larger size and a greater number of retrolateral thorns on the tibia II (fig. 7C), 28 in A. reycali , as opposed to 15 in A. septemtrionalis and 22 in A. clavero .

DESCRIPTION: Holotype male (MACN-Ar 36518, figs. 6A–G): Total length: 12.96. Carapace: rounded (fig. 6A), length 5.64, width 5.52. Cephalic region: length 3.18, width 3.36; clypeus short with 12 small bristles and bigger central one, 23 small bristles between PME, and 4–6 behind each PME-PLE dyad, some bristles on both sides of the OQ. Fovea: length 0.78, width 1.62. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.28, ALE 0.40, PME 0.12, PLE 0.28, OQ length 0.92, 2.40 anterior width, 2.28 posterior width; AME-ALE 0.48, PME-PLE 0.08, AME-PME 0.36, ALE-PLE 0.40, AME-AME 0.24. Chelicerae: length 1.38, width 2.16, shallow transverse grooves on the dorsal area, complete in the anterior one; cheliceral apex with 13 recumbent and elongated bristles that cover the base of the fang. Rastellum with 6/7 marginal blunt cusps and 3–4 small dorsal attenuated ones. Cheliceral furrow with 5 large promarginal teeth and 7 retromarginal and 13 denticles, near the promarginal teeth. Labium: length 1.24, width 1.00. Maxillae: anterior length 1.44, 1.92 posterior, width 1.60. Sternum: center flat (fig. 6G); length 3.96, maximum width 3.36, minimum 1.02. Postlabial sigillum shallow, posterior sigilla well defined. Abdomen: length 5.40, with dark bristles, largest in the anterior dorsal part. PMS: length 0.60; PLS: length of basal:medial:apical segments 0.48:0.32:0.16. Spigots could not be observed (due to retraction). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 5.52, 2.10, 3.30, 3.90, 1.98, 16.80. II: 5.40, 2.22, 3.06, 3.72, 1.92, 16.32. III: 4.20, 2.40, 2.40, 3.66, 2.10, 14.76. IV: 5.40, 2.10, 3.90, 4.20, 2.40, 18.00. Palp: 5.70, 2.70, 4.44,–, 1.50, 14.34.

Chaetotaxy: Palp: 0. All femora: 0. Patellae: I-II, 0; III, 32 P SUP-D ANT +10 on the margin, 1-1-1 D (1:2 B), 4 R A (verticillate) +5 on the margin; IV, 35 P SUP-D ANT +5 near the edge.

Tibiae: I, 3 P A, 4 R INF, 1-1-1-1-1-2-1-1-2-1-2-3 V POST, 1-2-1 V ANT (1:2 A); II, 1-1-3-2-2-1- 2-2-3-2-1 R INF (3:4 A), 1 V A, 2 V A ANT; III, 1 D M, with a crown of 19 thorns, 1-2-1-1-2-2 R (1:2 A); IV, 0. Metatarsi: I, 1-1-1-2-0-1-1-1-2 P INF, 1-1-2-1-1-2-1-1-1-1-3 R INF, 1-1-0-1 V (3:4 B); II, 1-1-1-2-1-1-2-2 P INF, 1-1-1-2-2-2-1-1-1- 2-1-3 R INF, 2 V (1:3 B); III, 1-1-1-1-4-1-2-1-2- 1-3-2-3 D ANT-P, 1-3 D (1:3 A), 2-1 V B, 27 on row D POST-R (more abundant R A); IV, 1-1-1- 1-3-2-3-4 P, 1 D A ANT, 1-1 R (1:2 A). Tarsi: I, 1-1-1-1-1-1 P INF, 2-1-1-2-1-1-1-1 R INF, 1-2 V (2:3 A); II, 2-1-1-1-1-1 P INF, 2-2-1-2-1-3 R INF, 1-2 V (1:2 A); III, 1-1-3-1-1-1-2-1 P, 1-2-1-2-3- 2-2-3-1 R, 2-1 V (1:3 A); IV, 18 P, 1-0-1-1-1-3 R INF. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I and II: 4 and 20 respectively. Palp: Tibia long and slender (width/length: 0.24±0.01) (fig. 6C). Bulb (fig. 6D–F) stylized, slim and robust. ATA little developed, BTA developed and thin. Pseudoscopula: Tarsi: I–II, sparse (uniformly distributed throughout the segment, more abundant A); III–IV, dense and uniform. Metatarsi: II sparse (1:4 A); III, sparse (3:4 A); IV, dense (3:4 A). Trichobothria: Tibiae: I 5–6; II 4–5; III 4–6; IV 5–6. Metatarsi: I 12; II 14; III–IV 10. Tarsi: I 12; II 10; III–IV 12. Color: Carapace very dark reddish brown, chelicerae darker, almost black. Sternum, labium, and maxillae reddish brown. Abdomen brown, ventrally lighter, booklungs with light markings. Spinnerets light yellow. Legs like carapace with tarsi-metatarsi lighter.

Paratype female (MACN-Ar 36519, figs. 7A–E): Total length: 17.04. Carapace (fig. 7A): length 5.40, width 6.30, semirounded, with marginal bristles, 14 bristles on each posterior margin. Cephalic region: length 3.48, width 5.10; clypeus with 38 bristles, central one bigger, chilum with 22 bristles; 3–5 between AME-ALE and 25 between PME, 4–6 behind each PME-PLE dyad and 3–4 on both sides of the OQ. Some small bristles on the posterior part of the cephalic region. Fovea: length 0.72, width 1.92. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.44, PME 0.16, PLE 0.24, OQ length 1.04, anterior width 3.00, 3.12 posterior width; AME-ALE 0.80, PME-PLE 0.20, AME-PME 0.60, ALE-PLE 0.52, AME-AME 0.36. Chelicerae: Robust, length 2.22, width 3.60; cheliceral apex with 14 recumbent and elongated bristles covering the base of the fang. Rastellum with 12 marginal, blunt cusps, and 8 small dorsal ones. Fangs groove with 8 large promarginal teeth (2nd and 4th smaller) and 6 retromarginal ones and 10 denticles in the furrow, near the promargin. Labium: length 1.32, width 1.14, with 11 anterior cuspules. Maxillae: anterior length 1.62, posterior length 2.28, width 1.80, with ~90 cuspules 1:3 V ANT, extending to the anterior face. Sternum: Center flat (fig. 7B); length 4.50, maximum width 3.60, minimum width 1.32. Postlabial sigillum shallow, posterior sigilla superficial but well defined. Abdomen: length 2.72, covered in short bristles, longer in the dorsum. PMS: length 0.76; PLS: length of basal:medial:apical segments 1.00:0.40:0.20. Spigots: 6 large, 38 small on PMS; PLS, numbers of large(small) spigots on basal:medial:apical article 8(40): 8(38):4(60). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 3.78, 2.28, 1.92, 2.10, 1.14, 11.22. II: 3.90, 2.10, 1.92, 2.22, 1.02, 11.16. III: 3.60, 2.40, 1.32, 2.40, 0.90, 10.62. IV: 4.68, 2.40, 2.70, 2.70, 1.08, 13.56. Palp: 3.42, 2.10, 2.22,–, 2.40, 10.14.

Chaetotaxy: Femora: I-III-IV, 0; II, 10 P SUP (serial, small). Patella: I-II, 0 ; III, 2-2-4 P SUP-D ANT +9 on the margin P-D, 2 R A +6 on the margin; IV, 47 P SUP-D ANT +4 near the edge; palp, 1-1-1- 1 P. Tibiae : I, 1-2-1 P A, 2-1-2 R INF, 1-1 V POST ; II, 28 R (3:4 A), 1-1 V POST; III, 1 D B, with a crown of 17 thorns, 2-2-2-3 R (1:2 A); IV, 2/1 D A; palp, 1-1-2-1-1-1-1-2 P, 1-1-2-2-3-2-1- 1-1 R, 1-1 v p. Metatarsi : I, 19 P INF, 15 R INF, 1-1-1-2 V POST ; II, 15 P INF, 15 R INF, 1-1-2 V POST; III, 2-3-2-2-1-0-2 D ANT-P, 28 on row D POST-R (more abundant R A), 1 V A ANT; IV, 12 P (3:4 A), 1 V A ANT. Tarsi : I, 11 P INF, 11 R INF, 1-2 V (1:2 A) ; II, 2-2-2-1-2-2-2 P, 1-1-2-2-1-2 R, 2 V A; III, 18 R (2:3 A), 18 V-P (1:2 A); IV, 30 V-P; palp, 16 P, 18 R, 2 V A. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I and II (fig. 7C): 5 and 28 respectively. Trichobothria: Tibiae: I– II 4–5 ; III 4–6 ; IV 5–6 . Metatarsi : I 12 ; II 11 ; III 13 ; IV 14 . Tarsi: I– II 10 ; III 8 ; IV 9 . Color: Carapace dark reddish brown, with the margin darker, chelicerae, and posterior part of the cephalic region darker. Abdomen brown, dorsally lighter, booklungs with light markings. Sternum light reddish brown, with labium and maxillae darker. Legs like carapace with light tarsi-metatarsi. Spinnerets light yellow .

DISTRIBUTION: Provinces of Jujuy and Salta.

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED: Jujuy. Parque Nacional “Calilegua,” 11.5 km O de la Intendencia [23°42′ S 64°51′ W], Sep. 1995, P. Goloboff and M. Ramírez, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36523). Same locality, 200 m después de Mesada (23°41′ S 64°52.0′ W, 1153 m), 7 Dec. 2012, D. Ríos-Tamayo, 1♀, 1 immature ( FML-ARAN 02218 ). Same locality, 1 km antes de Mesada (23°41′ S 64°52′ W, 1098 m), 9 Dec. 2012, D. Ríos-Tamayo, D. Fuenzalida, M.J. Barrionuevo and M.J. Lambaré, 1♀ ( FML-ARAN 02219 ). Same locality, Sendero “ El Negrito” (22°42′ S 64°51′ W, 794 m). 8 Dec. 2012. D. Ríos-Tamayo, D. Fuenzalida, and M.J. Lambaré, 1 immature ( FML-ARAN 02220 ). Same locality, Camino a Mesada (23°42′ S 64°51′ W, 991 m), 9 Dec. 2012, D. Ríos-Tamayo, D. Fuenzalida, M.J. Barrionuevo and M.J. Lambaré, 1♀ ( FML-ARAN 02221 ). Same locality, 1 km de Mesada (23°42′ S 64°52′ W, 1185 m), 7 Dec. 2012, D. Ríos-Tamayo, 1♀ ( FML-ARAN 02222 ). Same locality, Camino a Mesada (23°42′ S 64°51′ W, 982 m), 9 Dec. 2012, D. Ríos-Tamayo, D. Fuenzalida, M.J. Barrionuevo, and M.J. Lambaré, 2♀ ( FML-ARAN 02223 ). Same locality, Puesto Mesada [23°42′ S 64°51′ W], 27 Jan.–1 Feb., C. Szumik and P. Goloboff, 1♀, 3 immature (MACN-Ar 36524). 10 km S de Palma Sola, R.P. 6 [24°3′ S 64°21′ W], 10 Feb. 1995, P. Goloboff, 1♀, 2 immature (MACN-Ar 02224). Yala [24°7′ S 65°24′ W], 20 May 1983, P. Goloboff, 2♀, 1 immature (MACN- Ar 36525) ; same locality and collector, 5 imma- ture (MACN-Ar 36526). 1 km de RP5, camino a Villa Maria (24°54′ S 64°27′ W), 10 May 2017, D. Ríos-Tamayo, C. Szumik, M.D. Casagranda, M.L. Juárez, G. Lanouette, 2♀ ( FML-ARAN 02234 ). 18 km, E de Santa Clara [24°19′ S 64°29′ W], 4 May 1997, P. Goloboff, and S. Usqueda., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36529). Serranía del Socabón, 1 km W de El Bananal [23°33′ S 64°30′ W], 16 May 1983, P. Goloboff, 3♀, 4 immature (MACN- Ar 36531). Finca El Bayú , Arroyo Colorado, 9.5 km S.E Santa Clara [24°20′ S 64°37′ W], 6 May, 1997, P. Goloboff and Usqueda, 1♀, 1 immature ( FML-ARAN 02228 ) .

Salta. Campamento Vespucio [22°35′ S 63°48′ W], 9–13 May, 1983, P. Goloboff, 4♀, 4 immature (MACN-Ar 36522). Camino a Zanja el Tigre, 5 km W de R.N. 34 [23°12′ S 64°9′ W], 30 Jan. 1995, P. Goloboff, 1♀, 1 immature (FML-ARAN 02216). La Quena [23°21′ S 63°48′ W], 4–5 Feb. 1995, C. Szumik and P. Goloboff, 3♀, 1 immature (FML- ARAN 02217). R.N. 34, 11 km N Embarcación [23°7′ S 64°1′ W], 21 Mar. 1988, P. Goloboff, F. Coyle, and R. Bennet, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 27104). 14 km O de Aguas Blancas [22°44′ S 64°29′ W], 20 Nov. 1994, M. Ramírez and P. Goloboff, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36527). Same data, 1♀, 33 immature (no paratypes) (MACN-Ar 36528). Finca de Jakulica, 25 km N.W. de Aguas Blancas [22°34′ S 64°31′W], 15–19 Nov. 1994, P. Goloboff and M. Ramirez, 1♀, 2 immature (MACN-Ar 36564). 1 km E de Hickman [23°13′ S 63°33′ W], 20 Mar. 1988, P. Goloboff, F. Coyle, and R. Bennet, 1♀, 1 immature (MACN-Ar 28416). 37.5 km W de Hickman [23°16′ S 63°54′ W], 20 Mar. 1988, same collectors, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 28415). Santa Rosa, Camino a toma de agua [24°16′ S 62°44′ W], 1 Feb. 1995, P. Goloboff, 2♀ (FML-ARAN 02225). Quebrada de Tilian (25°07′ S 65°32′ W), 3 May 2001, A. Chalup, 1♀ (FML-ARAN 02226). 2 km W de Hickman [23°13′ S 63°35′ W], 27 Jan. 1995, P. Goloboff, 1♀ (FML-ARAN 02227).

COMMENTS: Some of the specimens identified here as A. reycali have small differences in the morphology of the spermathecae, with slightly more slender and longer ducts. The inclusion of those specimens in A. reycali is tentative.