Asphondylia xerezi Maia, 2024
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.008 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C7DC7A88-F5D8-4356-9E9C-85994FFDE18F |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C4474D20-695D-FFE0-F9FF-F843FA43F94F |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Asphondylia xerezi Maia |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Asphondylia xerezi Maia , sp. nov.
( Figs. 19 View Figure 19 A-21C)
Diagnosis: Male hypoproct rounded apically, deeply bilobed, ovipositor with needle part about 2.45 × length 7 th sternite; pupa: antennal horn 0.20-0.25 mm long, upper facial horn single and conical, three lower frontal horns not aligned, 8 th abdominal segment with 7-10 dorsal spines in the posterior row, larva: spatula with lateral and mesal teeth subequal in length, mesal teeth round- ed apically, three setose lateral papillae on each side of spatula.
Male: Body: 3.20 mm long (N = 1). Head: 0.45 mm long, 0.45 mm wide (N = 1), eye facets circular, closely appressed; antennae: flagellomeres 1 and 2 not fused, scape obovate, setose, 0.06 mm long, 0.06 mm wide (N = 1), pedicel globose, setose, 0.05 mm long, 0.06 mm wide (N = 1), 1 st- 7 th flagellomeres cylindrical, all 0.04 mm wide (8 th to 12 th flagellomeres missing), circumfila longitudinally wavy, dense, anastomosing, equally spread along segments, 1 st flagellomeres 0.22 mm long (N = 1), 2 nd- 7 th flagellomeres 0.17-0.18 mm long (N = 1), proportion flagellomere neck-node 1:09; frons smashed; mouthparts smashed. Thorax: scutum with two dorsocentral rows of setae, setae more abundant anteriorly, two groups of lateral setae more abundant anteriorly, extending from base to distal margin, scales intermixed; scutellum with scattered setae; anepimeron setose; remaining pleural sclerites bare; legs: tarsal claws curved beyond midlength, empodium as long as claws; wing smashed. Abdomen: trichoid sensilla not visible; 1 st- 7 th tergites sclerotized, rectangular with a posterior row of setae, few scattered lateral setae and mostly covered elsewhere with scales, 8 th tergite tergite8 th band-like, bare; 2 nd- 8 th sternites sclerotized, rectangular, narrower than tergites, with a posterior row of setae, several setae and midlength, few lateral setae, and mostly covered elsewhere with scales; 8 th sternite with setae at ⅔ distal and mostly covered elsewhere with scales. Terminalia ( Fig. 19A View Figure 19 ): gonocoxite short and stout, 0.15 mm long, 0.07 mm wide (N = 1); gonostylus ovoid, 0.06 mm long, 0.05 mm wide (N = 1); hypoproct deeply bilobed, rounded apically.
Female: Body length: 3.20 mm (N = 1). Head ( Fig. 19B View Figure 19 ): 0.40 mm long, 0.35 mm wide, antennae: scape 0.09 mm long, 0.05 mm wide, pedicel 0.05 mm long, 0.05 mm wide, 1 st- 11 th flagellomeres cylindrical, all 0.04 mm wide, circumfila comprising two longitudinal bands connected subbasally and apically by two transverse bands ( Fig. 19C View Figure 19 ), flagellomeres 1 and 2 not fused, 1 st flagellomere 0.24 mm long, 2 nd- 6 th flagellomeres 0.17-0.18 mm long, 7 th flagellomere 0.15 mm long (N = 4), 8 th flagellomere 0.14 mm long (N = 1), 9 th flagellomere 0.09 mm long (N = 1), 10 th flagellomere 0.07 mm long, 11 flagellomere 0.06 mm long, 12 th flagellomere 0.04 mm long ( Fig. 19D View Figure 19 ); proportion flagellomere neck-node 1:15; mouthparts: labrum 0.07 mm long, 0.04 mm wide (N = 1), hypopharynx 0.11 mm long, 0.04 mm wide (N = 1), labellum 0.07 mm long, 0.04 mm wide at midlength, with 5 pairs of mesal setae (N = 1); palpus 0.22 mm long (N = 1): 1 st segment globose 0.02 mm long, 0.02 mm wide (N = 2), 2 nd segment cylindrical 0.05 mm long, 0.02 mm wide at midlength (N = 2), 3 rd segment claviform 0.15 mm long and 0.02-0.03 mm wide at midlength (N = 2). Thorax: wing length: 2.35 mm (N = 1) ( Fig. 19E View Figure 19 ); tarsal claws more sclerotized and robust than in male ( Fig. 19F View Figure 19 ). Abdomen: trichoid sensillae not visible, 1 st- 7 th tergites as in male, 8 th tergite with posterior margin with lobes 0.07-0.08 mm long (N = 2), 2 nd- 6 th sternites as in male, 6 th sternite 0.17-020 mm long (N = 2), 7 th sternite 0.35-45 mm long (N = 1), 2.05-2.25 × length sternite 6 (N = 2), setose (except basally), mostly covered elsewhere with scales; sternite 8 not sclerotized; ovipositor ( Fig. 19G View Figure 19 ): needle part 0.86 mm long (N = 1), 2.45x length sternite 7 (N = 1). Other characters as in male.
Pupa ( Fig. 20A View Figure20 ): Color: brownish. Body length: 2.90-3.20 mm (N = 3). Head ( Fig. 20B View Figure20 ): dorsal plate 0.38-0.40 mm long, 0.18-0.20 mm wide (N = 2); antennal horn 0.20-0.25 mm long (N = 3), conical, pointed, distal part longer than basal part, inner margin serrated; dorsal plate 0.20 mm long, 0.39-0.40 mm wide (N = 3), apical seta 0.05 mm long (N = 3); one upper facial horn conical, 0.07-0.11 mm long (N = 3); three lower facial horns not aligned, 0.04 mm long (N = 2); two pairs of lower facial papillae: one pair setose, the other bare; three pairs of lateral facial papillae: one pair setose,two bare;upper cephalic margin thickened laterally; face with pronounced lateral projection. Thorax: prothoracic spiracle 0.10 mm long (N = 2), as long as antennal basal width, setiform, slightly curved (N = 5) ( Fig. 20C View Figure20 ), integument wrinkled ( Fig. 20D View Figure20 ). Abdomen: segments 2-8 with transverse rows of crescent dorsal spines at basal half; posterior row with 26-30 spines in the 2 nd segment (N = 3), 24-31 in the 3 rd (N = 3), 24-29 in the 4 th (N = 3), 20-28 in the 5 th (N = 3), 20-22 in the 6 th (N = 3), 13-18 in the 7 th (N = 3), 7-10 in the 8 th (N = 3).
Larva ( Fig. 21A View Figure 21 ): Body: 2.20 mm long (N = 1); head retracted. Spatula ( Fig. 21B View Figure 21 ) quadridentate, 0.24 mm long (n = 1), lateral and mesal teeth subequal in length (0.02 mm long) (N = 1), lateral teeth more pointed than mesal; three setose lateral papillae on each side of spatula. Terminal segment smashed.
Gall: on fruit, globoid, green, glabrous, multichambered on Heliotropium sp. ( Heliotropiaceae ) ( Fig. 21C View Figure 21 ).
Material examined: Holotype male, BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Mangaratiba, Ilha da Marambaia, Praia Grande , 16.XII.2009, A. R. Rodrigues leg. ( MNRJ-ENT1-69833 ) . Paratypes: FEMALES – Praia do Kutuca , 18.VII.2010: 2 ♀♀ ( MNRJ-ENT1-69834 , MNRJ-ENT1-69835 ) ; PUPAL EXUVIAE – same data as holotype, 1 pupal exuvia ( MNRJ-ENT1-69837 ) ; Praia do Kutuca , 18.VII.2020: 2 pupal exuviae ( MNRJ-ENT1-69838 ) ; PUPA – 1 pupa ( MNRJ-ENT1-69836 ) ; THIRD INSTAR LARVA – Praia do Kutuca , 25.II.2011: 1 larva ( MNRJ-ENT1-69839 ) .
Etymology: The species is named in honor of Dr. Roberto Xerez (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro) responsible for collection permission in the locality-type (area of the Brazilian Navy).
Geographic distribution: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Mangaratiba municipality (Rodrigues et al., 2014).
Remarks: There is only one previously known species of Asphondylia on Heliotropiacae, A. tournefortiae Rübsaamen 1915 on Heliotropium angustiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Govaerts (reported as Tournefortia angustiflora Ruiz & Pav. ) and Myriopus volubilis Small (reported as T. volubilis L) from Brazil.
Adults of Asphondylia xerezi Maia , sp. nov. have longer body and shorter scape, pedicel and flagellomeres ( Table 5) than in A. tournefortiae . The larval spatula of A. xerezi is longer than in A. tournefortiae Rübsaamen, 1915 . In addition, mesal and lateral teeth are subequal in length the new species, while in A. tournefortiae mesal teeth are shorter than lateral ones ( Fig. 21B View Figure 21 × Fig. 21D View Figure 21 ).
amen1915 and A.xerezi Maia , sp.nov. ( Diptera , Cecidomyiidae ).Data on the first species were obtained from literature. Caires,C.S. & Dettke, G.A. 2023. Struthanthus .In: Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available: https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.
br/FB8703. Access: 12/02/2023.
Carvalho-Fernandes,S.P.; Ascendino,S.; Maia,V.C. & Couri, M.S. 2016. Diversity of insect galls associated with coastal shrub vegetation in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 88 (3): 1407-1418. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150658.
Coelho, M.S.; Almada, E.D.; Fernandes, G.W.; Carneiro, M.A.A.; Santos, R.M.; Quintino, A.V. & Sanchez-Azofeifa, A. 2009. Gall inducing arthropods from a seasonally dry tropical forest in Serra do Cipó,Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 53 (3): 404-414. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085- 56262009000300015.
Gagné, R.J. 1994. The gall midges of the Neotropical region. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 352p.
Gagné, R.J. & Jaschhof, M. 2021. A Catalog of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) of the World. 5.ed.Digital. 813p.
Lorenzi, H. & Matos, F.J.A. 2008. Plantas medicinais no Brasil. Nova Odessa, Instituto Plantarum. 544p.
Maia,V.C. 2001. The gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from three restingas of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 18 (2): 305-656. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81752001000200028.
Maia, V.C. 2013. Galhas de insetos em restingas da região sudeste do Brasil com novos registros. Biota Neotropica, 13 (1): 183-209. https://doi. org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000100021.
Maia,V.C. 2021. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera,Insecta):richness of species and distribution in Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 21 (2): 1-35,e20201038. https://doi. org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2020-1038.
Maia, V.C.; Cardoso, J.L.T. & Braga, J.M.A. 2014. Insect galls from Atlantic Forest areas of Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil: characterization and occurrence. Boletim do Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão, 33: 47-129.
Melo, J.I.M. 2023. Heliotropium. In: Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available: https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB16538. Access:09/03/2023.
Miller, J.S. 2013. A revision of Cordia section Gerascanthus (Boraginales: Cordiaceae). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 7: 55-83.
Miller, J.S. & Gottschling, M. 2007. Generic classification in the Cordiaceae (Boraginales): resurrection of the genus Varronia P. Br. Taxon, 56 (1): 163-169. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065747.
Möhn, E. 1959. Gallmücken (Diptera, Itonididae) aus El Salvador. 1. Teil. Senckenbergiana Biologica, 40 (5/ 6): 297-368.
Möhn, E. 1960. Gallmücken (Diptera, Itonididae
) aus El Salvador. 2. Teil. Senckenbergiana Biologica, 41(3/4):197-240.
Rodrigues, A.R.; Maia, V.C. & Couri, M.S. 2014. Insect galls of restinga areas of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Revista Brasileira
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Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile |
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