Frontonia multinucleata, Long, Hongan, Song, Weibo, Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S. & Wang, Yangang, 2008
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.180528 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5661180 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C44C3C09-FFCE-5374-FF1B-9113DA2548C6 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Frontonia multinucleata |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Frontonia multinucleata n. sp.
( Figs. 4–6 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 ; Table 1 View TABLE 1 )
Diagnosis: marine Frontonia in vivo 70–120 × 40–75 µm, dorsoventrally flattened about 2:1. 58–67 somatic, 3 vestibular and 4–5 postoral kineties. 3 peniculi each with 4 kineties. 2–4 globular macronuclear nodules. Single contractile vacuole located in posterior 1/3 of cell length.
Type location: A clear sandy beach (salinity 30 ‰) of Qingdao, China.
Type slides: One holotype with silver nitrate impregnated specimens (slide number: 2007:5:17:2) is deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK, and one paratype (slide number: 2006060101-2) is deposited in the Laboratory of Protozoology, Ocean University of China.
Etymology: This species is the first one in Frontonia which has more than one macronucleus (2–4). Thus, it is named according to this character: multi- (many), nucleata.
Description: Size in vivo about 70–120 × 40–75 µm. Cell shape rather constant, ellipsoidal in outline when viewed from ventral side ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 A, 4B; 5A, 5D). Dorsoventrally flattened about 2:1. Extrusomes spindle-shaped, about 8 µm long (20–25 µm long after being ejected, Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 B), densely arranged in cortex ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 A, 4B; 6C). Somatic cilia about 8 µm long. Cytoplasm colorless or grayish, often full of tiny granules, especially in caudal part ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 A, 4B; 5A, 5D). In all specimens observed from the culture which maintained for about 2 weeks, macronuclear nodules always in 2–4, yet mostly 4, generally globular in shape and about the same size, grouped or sparsely distributed ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 A, 4B, 4G, 4I; 6B, 6E, 6F). One large contractile vacuole located in posterior 1/3 of cell length, ca. 15 µm in diameter ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 A, 4B, 4E, 4J; 5E).
Movement mainly by gliding back and forth on substrate; when swimming, moderately rapid with rotation around the long axis of the cell.
Infraciliature as shown in Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 I–K. Both anterior and postoral sutures conspicuous, which extend onto dorsal side ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 C, 4I, 4J). On average 63 somatic kineties; 4–5 postoral kineties (PK, Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 H, 4I, 4K; 6N); 3 vestibular kineties, conspicuously short ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 H, 4I, 4K; 6J, 6L). Single CVP right dorsally located, at approximately posterior 1/3 of cell length ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 C; 6G, 6K).
Triangular buccal cavity occupying about 1/5 of body length. Peniculus 1–3 about equally long, all with 4 kineties; among them, P3 curved to right whose length becomes conspicuously shorter from right to left ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 F, 4H, 4I, 4K; 6D, 6H). Double-rowed paroral membrane on right side of buccal cavity ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 4 H, 4I, 4K; 6L). Argentophilic line positioned parallel to paroral membrane ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 H). Silverline system as quadrangular cortical meshes ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 I).
Comparison: Frontonia multinucleata n. sp. is the only one among members of the genus, which has consistently several macronuclear nodules (vs. single in all other known congeners). Hence, the new species is easily recognizable ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 C, 10D, 10I, 10J, 10K, 10M, 10N, 10R, 10S; Table 2).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.