Philaccolilus febrina, Balke & Panjaitan & Surbakti & Shaverdo & Hendrich & Van Dam & Lam, 2022

Balke, Michael, Panjaitan, Rawati, Surbakti, Suriani, Shaverdo, Helena, Hendrich, Lars, Van Dam, Matthew H. & Lam, Athena, 2022, NextRAD phylogenomics, sanger sequencing and morphological data to establish three new species of New Guinea stream beetles, Alpine Entomology 6, pp. 51-64 : 51

Philaccolilus febrina sp. nov.

Figs 2D, as in G in part; 4, 5A, 7E, F, 8C, D, 9A-D, 10A-C, E-F

Type locality.

Tamrau Mts., Kebar, Bird’s Head Peninsula, West Papua.

Holotype.

Male. Indonesia, West Papua, Tamrau Mts. N of Kebar, forest stream, 750 m, 7.xi.2013, -0.7831, 133.0721, UNIPA team (BH033) (MZB).

Paratypes.

(MZB, KSP, ZSM) 4 exs, same label data as holotype; 26 exs, Indonesia, West Papua, Road Manokwari - Mokwam, 320 m, 25./27.i.2006, 01 00.596S 133 53.921E, Tindige, Prativi & Balke (BH01); 5 exs, West Papua, Indabre River, 1,300 m, 8.iv.2007, -1.1122, 133.8745, Sites & Supuma; 1 ex., Testega, ca. 1,100 m, 1.v.2015, -1.3829, 133.5992, UNIPA team; 36 exs, West Papua, Testega, 1,100 m, 1.v.2015, - 1.3827, 133.5967, UNIPA team (BH052); 36 exs, West Papua, above Kebar, forest creek, 720 m, 7.v.2015, -0.7831, 133.0721, UNIPA team (BH060); 112 exs, West Papua, above Kebar, open forest stream, 720 m, 7.v.2015, -0.7856, 133.0712, UNIPA team (BH061); 93 exs, West Papua, above Kebar, open river, 600 m, 7.v.2015, -0.8009, 133.0578, UNIPA team (BH062) (note: mislabelled as BH061); 63 exs, West Papua, Kebar Valley, 600 m, 8.v.2015, -0.8348, 133.1839, UNIPA team (BH063).

Description of holotype.

Moderately to larger sized member of the genus. Total length of beetle: 5.0 mm; maximum width: 2.7 mm.

Color. Body surface black except for dark yellow head; anterior half of pronotum lateral margins dark orange; elytron with dark yellow subbasal “band” composed of three spots, hardly fused, not reaching the lateral margin (as in Fig. 3E ); with medio-discal spot; with postmedial “band” composed of three spots; with small apical spot (Fig. 2D ).

Structures. Hind margin of last ventrite truncate (Fig. 8C ).

Genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus as in Fig. 5E, F .

Female. Hind margin of last ventrite in the middle projected ("dwarf hat shape)" (Fig. 8D ).

Variation. Size variation of the paratypes is (N=25) TL 4.7-5.3 mm (av. 5.0 mm); TW 2.5-2.8 mm (av. 2.7 mm). The elytral spots can be more or less elongated, rarely some of them fused; medio-discal spot and postmedial “band” are not in touch (only in one specimen and only on one elytron almost as in Fig. 2H , right) in any of the studied specimens of Philaccolilus febrina .

Etymology.

Named after Ditta Febrina Amran Balke, wife of first author and ZSM Coleoptera collection and project manager. The species name is a noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition.

Comparative notes.

Distinguished from the other Philaccolilus species based on the following combination of features: body size; pronotum black; whole head orange; characteristic general dark yellow pattern on elytron (Fig. 2D, G ); shape of median lobe (Fig. 7E, F ). Very similar to P. ameliae and P. weylandensis . Morphologically, Philaccolilus febrina differs from the previous species of the P. ameliae complex by slightly smaller average size and the slightly broader median lobe in ventral view (Fig. 7F ).

Distribution.

Widespread in the Tamrau and Arfak mountains (Fig. 4 ).

Habitat.

Collected from different stream types, but usually more sun exposed (Figs 9A-D , 10A-C, E ). Also found in a forest stream, seen swimming at the sandy and gravelly bottom, of a larger pool behind large rocks (Fig. 10F ).

Figures

Figure 2. A-G. Dorsal habitus of Philaccolilus species in the P. ameliae complex, as well as P. kirana and P. intania, appendages mostly removed; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone; H. schematic drawings of color pattern variation in P. ameliae species complex, with explanation of elytral pattern positions (modified from Balke et al. 2000).

Figure 3. Lateral habitus of Philaccolilus species; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone. A. P. kirana; B. P. intania; C. P. weylandensis (Weyland Mts., basal lateral spot clearly reaching elytral margin); D. P. weylandensis (Digul River, basal lateral spot vaguely reaching elytral margin); E. P. ameliae (Waaf, basal lateral spot clearly isolated from elytral margin).

Figure 4. Distribution of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. Dots - P. ameliae complex, stars - P. kirana and P. intania here described from the Bird's Head Peninsula.

Figure 5. Results of the genomic nextRAD as well as mitochondrial DNA CO 1 data sequencing of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. A. P. febrina in the Bird's Head Pensinsula; B. P. ameliae and P. weylandensis in New Guinea main body; C. P. kirana and P. intania from the Bird's Head Peninsula (localities see A). Results of the structuring analysis of nextRAD data depicted as barplots, the CO 1 data as haplotype network, subs. = substitutions.

Figure 7. Median lobe of aedeagus of Philaccolilus species (left, lateral, right, ventral view) A, B. P. ameliae (from Brazza River); C, D. P. ameliae (paratype from Wau); E, F. P. febrina (from Tamrau Mts.); G, H. P. weylandensis (from Weyland Mts.); I, J. P. weylandensis (from Digul River).

Figure 8. Last male and female ventrite of Philaccolilus A, B. As in P. kirana and P. intania; C, D. As in P. ameliae, P. febrina and P. weylandensis. Not to scale. In C. with last and penultimate ventrites to illustrate the tuft of long golden setae on penultimate ventrite; E. P. febrina male in ventral view, not to scale.

Figure 9. A - D. Habitats of Philaccolilus febrina. A Stream more or less on level of valley floor, locality BH 62; B - D. Locality BH 61, open stream flowing out of Tamrau Mts. and feeding into the stream shown in Fig. 9 A.

Figure 10. Habitats of Philaccolilus species A-C. P. kirana and P. febrina locality BH 052; D. P. kirana BH 54; E. P. febrina BH 63; F. P. intania and P. febrina BH 60.