Saphonecrus emarginatus Liu, Zhu and Pang,, 2019

Lobato-Vila, Irene, Wang, Yiping, Melika, George, Guo, Rui, Ju, Xiaoxue & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2021, A Taxonomic Review of the Gall Wasp Genus Saphonecrus Dalla-Torre and Kieffer and other Oak Cynipid Inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from Mainland China, with Updated Keys to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental Species, Zoological studies (Zool. Stud.) 60 (10), pp. 1-25 : 11

Saphonecrus emarginatus Liu, Zhu and Pang,

2019

Saphonecrus emarginatus Liu, Zhu and Pang in Yang et al. (2020) [published online: 2019]. Insect Syst. Evol. 51(4): 568. Type material: CSUFT (holotype), paratypes in CSUFT, FMNH, and ZLCC.

Diagnosis: Saphonecrus emarginatus is characterized by its lateral pronotal carina, which is short, weak and incomplete, indistinct dorsally (pronotum not sharply angled in dorsal view). Also, by having simple tarsal claws (without a basal lobe), complete notauli and the radial cell of the fore wing at most 3.0x as long as wide. The only species that shares all these characteristics is S. gilvus . Saphonecrus emarginatus differs from S. gilvus by the malar space being 0.6x as long as height of eye (0.7 in S. gilvus ), the transfacial distance shorter than height of eye (1.2x as long in S. gilvus ), POL 1.7x as long as OOL and OOL slightly longer than diameter of lateral ocelli (POL 2.6x as long as OOL and OOL 1.5x as long as diameter of lateral ocellus in S. gilvus ), F1 1.2–1.3x as long as wide in both sexes (F1 1.7x as long as F 2 in females, 2.3 in males, in S. gilvus ) and female syntergite dorsodistally incised (not incised in S. gilvus ). See also the key to species below. Furthermore, S. emarginatus is associated with galls on Lithocarpus , whereas S. gilvus has been reared from galls on Quercus . See also the diagnosis given by Yang et al. (2020).

Distribution: Mainland China. Hunan Province ( Yang et al. 2020).

Biology: Reared from green, pumpkin-shaped galls formed terminally on new shoots and on inflorescence stems of Lithocarpus glaber ( Yang et al. 2020) .