Episyrphus (Episyrphus) balteatus ( De Geer, 1776 )

El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), Zootaxa 4577 (2), pp. 201-248 : 206-207

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1
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scientific name	Episyrphus (Episyrphus) balteatus ( De Geer, 1776 )
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Episyrphus (Episyrphus) balteatus ( De Geer, 1776)

Musca balteata De Geer, 1776: 116. Type locality: Sweden.

Musca cannabina Scopoli, 1763: 344. Type locality: Slovenia [as "Carniola"].

Musca palustris Scopoli, 1763: 346. Type locality: Slovenia [as "Carniola"].

Musca scitule Harris, 1780:111. Type locality: England.

Musca scitulus Harris, 1780: 105. Type locality: England.

Musca alternata Schrank, 1781: 448. Type locality: not given ( Austria).

Syrphus nectareus Fabricius, 1787: 341 . Type locality: Denmark.

Musca elegans Villers, 1789: 464 . Type locality: France.

Musca nectarina Gmelin, 1790: 2876. New name for Syrphus nectareus Fabricius.

Syrphus pleuralis Thomson, 1869: 497 . Type locality: " China ".

Syrphus andalusiacus Strobl, 1899: 145 . Type locality: Spain (Algeciras).

Episyrphus fallaciosus Matsumura, 1917 : pl. VI. Type locality: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu).

Episyrphus hirayamae Matsumura, 1918: 12 . Type locality: Japan (Honshu: Tokyo at Komaba).

Syrphus cretensis Becker, 1921: 52 . Type locality: Greece (Crete).

Syrphus balteatus var. proximus Abréu, 1924: 40 . Type locality: Canary Is. (La Palma, en la Dehesa de la Encarnación). Syrphus balteatus var. signatus Abréu, 1924: 41 . Type locality: Canary Is. (La Palma).

Material examined: 1 male, Behig , 28.II.1927, leg. Tewfik ; 1 male, Maadi , 3.I.1930, leg. Efflatoun ; 2 females, Alexandria, Smouha , 21.II.1938, leg. Carneiri [EFC]; 1 female, Kafr Hakim , 17.II.1926 ; 1 male, Mersa Matrouh , 18.III.1933 [PPDD, specimens published in Shaumar & Kamal (1978)].

World distribution: AU: Australia. OR: Widespread. PA: Widespread.

Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria, Al-Hammam, Behig, Mariout, Mersa Matrouh. Gebel Elba:?. Lower Nile Valley & Delta: Abu-Rawash, El-Marg, Giza, Kafr Hakim, Kombira, Maadi, Shubra. Sinai: Ein Gedeirat [Sources: as Syrphus balteatus in Efflatoun (1922 , 1925) and Shaumar & Kamal (1978), in addition to the examined museum material].

Activity period in Egypt: Throughout the year.

Remarks: Adults highly migratory, usually fly within 2m of the ground. Males hover both singly and in groups, at up to 4– 5 m. When hovering in groups the individual males maintain a space around themselves, chasing off other males which intrude into that space. They are evidently aware of each other’s position however, since when one changes its orientation while hovering, all other members of the hovering group also re-orient themselves to each other. This species usually visits a wide range of white, yellow and pink flowers, from trees to low-growing plants and including nectarless flowers ( Alderman 2010, 2012; Speight 2017).In Egypt, the larvae are known to feed on aphids of broad bean ( Vicia faba ) and potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) ( Efflatoun 1922).

References

Alderman, J. (2010) The behaviour of Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) (Diptera: Syrphidae) in relation to conspecific competition. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History, 23, 21 - 32.

Alderman, J. (2012) The visual field of swarming male Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae). British Journal of Entomology and Natural History, 25, 85 - 90.

Becker, T. (1921) Neue Dipteren meiner Sammlung. I. Syrphidae. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 10, 1 - 93.

De Geer, C. (1776) Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des insectes. Tome Sixieme. P. Hesselberg, Stockholm, viii + 523 pp.

Efflatoun H. C. (1925) Contribution to the knowledge of Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 9, 274 - 283.

Efflatoun, H. C. (1922) A Monograph of Egyptian Diptera. (Part I. Fam. Syrphidae). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 2, 1 - 123.

Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa Insectorum sistens species nuper detectas. Vol. 2. C. G. Proft, Hafniae [= Copenhagen], 382 pp.

Gmelin, J. F. (1790) Caroli a Linne, Systerna naturae per regna tria naturae. Vol. 1. 13 th Edition. Regnum Animale. impensis Georg. Emanuel. Beer, Lipsiae (= Leipzig), 796 pp. [pp. 2225 - 3020]

Matsumura, S. & Adachi, J. (1917) Synopsis of the economic Syrphidae of Japan (pt. III). The Entomological Magazine, Kyoto, 3, 14 - 46.

Matsumura, S. (1918) New species of the economic Syrphidae of Japan. Journal of the College of Agriculture Hokkaido Imperial University, 8, 1 - 31.

Santos Abreu, E. (1924) Monografia de los Syrphidos de las Islas Canarias, Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona, Series 3, 19 (1), 1 - 148.

Schrank, F. von P. (1781) Envmeratio insectorvm Avstriae indigenorum. Eberhardi Klett et Franck, Augustae Vindelicorum [= Augsburg], 548 + [4] pp.

Scopoli, J. A. (1763) Entomologia carniolica exhibens insecta carnioliae indigena et distribute in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana. Trattner, Vindobonae [= Vienna], 420 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119976

Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295

Speight, M. C. D. (2017) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera). In: Speight, M. C. D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J. - P. & Vanappelghem, C. (Eds.), Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 97. Syrph the Net Publication, Dublin, 294 pp.

Strobl, P. G. (1899) Spanische Dipteren. V. Teil. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 18, 144 - 148.

Thomson, C. G. (1869) Diptera. Species nova descripsit. In: Kongliga Svenska Vetenskraps-Akademien, Kongliga svenska fregatten Eugenies resa omkring jorden. Pt. 2. Zoologie. [Sec.] 1. Insekter. P. A. Norstedt & Soner, Stockholm, 617 pp.

Villers, C. J. de (1789) Caroli Linnaei entomologia, faunae suecicae descriptionibus aucta. Vol. 3. Sumptibus Piestre et Delamolliere, Lugduni (= Lyon), 472 pp.