Dryinus maderai, Guglielmino & Olmi & Marletta & Speranza, 2018

Guglielmino, Adalgisa, Olmi, Massimo, Marletta, Alessandro & Speranza, Stefano, 2018, Discovery of the first species of Dryinus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) from Burmese amber, Zootaxa 4394 (3), pp. 443-448 : 444-445

Dryinus maderai sp. nov.

Figs 1–4

Type material. Holotype: ♀: MYANMAR: specimen in Middle Cretaceous Burmese amber (about 100 mybp; Grimaldi et al. 2002 [based on insect inclusions], Shi et al. 2012 [based on zircon analyses]). Obtained from a mine situated in Northern Myanmar, Kachin State, Tanai Township, Hukawang Valley, SW of Tanai City ( MOLC). Paratype: same locality label as holotype, 1♀ (PMC).

Diagnosis. Fully winged female, with chelate protarsus; chela with rudimentary claw; palpal formula 6/3; antenna without tufts of long setae; forewing with costal, median and submedian cells clearly enclosed by pigmented veins; epicnemium exposed; metapostnotum with posterior corners not projected posteriorly; tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Description of Female holotype. Fully winged ( Figs 1–3 ); length 3.1 mm. Head brown, except mandible partly testaceous; antenna brown; mesosoma brown, apparently partly testaceous; metasoma testaceous; legs brown-testaceous. Antenna with eight flagellomeres, filiform (only with flagellomere 8 slightly wider than other antennomeres), shorter than head + mesosoma + metasoma (31:51), posteriorly reaching second segment of metasoma; antennal setae not visible; ADO’s absent; antennomeres in following proportions: 9:5:12:12:12:12:10:9:8:10; antennomere 9 about eight times as long as broad; antenna short, about 4 × as long as head (length of head measured dorsally from occipital carina behind the ocelli to distal apex of mandibles): 31:8. Head with sculpture of face and vertex not distinct; clypeus with anterior margin rounded, not bilobate; mandible with four teeth, teeth becoming progressively longer from anterior to posterior one (but right mandible with third tooth broken); occipital carina complete; temple prominent; eye normally bulging, apparently bare; POL = 5; OL = 3; OOL = 3; OPL = 1; TL = 4; greatest breadth of lateral ocelli slightly shorter than OL (2:3); frontal line apparently absent. Palpal formula 6/3. Last labial segment very elongate. Pronotum ( Fig. 1 ) dull, with sculpture not distinct, longer than head (14:8), crossed anteriorly by a strong, transverse impression between anterior collar and disc; anterior collar much shorter than disc (1:13); disc slightly humped, with lateral margins strongly converging anteriorly ( Fig. 1 ); pronotum not crossed by posterior transverse impression between disc and posterior collar; posterior collar absent; pronotal tubercle reaching tegula. Epicnemium exposed. Mesoscutum dull, with sculpture not distinct, about as long as pronotum. Notauli incomplete, reaching about 0.5 length of mesoscutum. Mesoscutellum dull, with sculpture not distinct, much shorter than mesoscutum (9:14). Metanotum not distinctly visible, shorter than mesoscutellum (5:9) and metapectal-propodeal complex (5:14). Metapectal-propodeal complex not distinctly visible, because hidden by the wings. Metapostnotum with posterior corners not projected posteriorly. Shape of pronotum, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum usual for Dryininae . Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; pterostigma narrow, only partly visible; marginal cell apparently open; stigmal vein with distal part much longer than proximal part (18:7). Venation of forewing not completely visible in holotype, distinctly visible in paratype ( Fig. 3 ). Forewing with normal three basal cells completely enclosed by pigmented veins ( Fig. 3 ). Hind wing not visible, hidden by forewing. Foreleg segments in following proportions: 14 (coxa): 15 (trochanter): 27 (femur): 27 (tibia): 12 (first tarsomere): 2 (second tarsomere): 4 (third tarsomere): 12 (fourth tarsomere): 16 (fifth tarsomere). Protarsus very slender, with tarsomere 4 about 40 × as long as broad. Enlarged claw about as long as protarsal segment 5. Protrochanter with long slender proximal stalk, broadened distally. Protarsomere 3 produced into hook. Rudimentary claw present. Arolium much shorter than enlarged claw. Enlarged claw ( Figs 2 , 4 ) very slender, with distal apex narrow, without subapical tooth, with inner margin provided with one row of about seven lamellae. Segment 5 of protarsus ( Figs 2 , 4 ) with rows of long proximal and medial lamellae. Distal apex of protarsal segment 5 with group of lamellae. Mesoleg segments in following proportions: 11 (coxa): 5 (trochanter): 21 (femur): 22 (tibia): 12 (first tarsomere): 5 (second tarsomere): 4 (third tarsomere): 4 (fourth tarsomere): 5 (fifth tarsomere). Metaleg segments in following proportions: 22 (coxa): 6 (trochanter): 25 (femur): 33 (tibia): 15 (first tarsomere): 7 (second tarsomere): 6 (third tarsomere): 4 (fourth tarsomere): 5 (fifth tarsomere). Petiole much shorter than metasoma (5:98). Shape, length and breadth of wings usual for Dryininae . Shape and morphology of the body usual for Dryininae . Tibial spurs 1/1/2. Female paratype similar to holotype; length 2.6 mm.

Male. Unknown.

Hosts. Unknown, but probably members of the hemipteran group Auchenorrhyncha as all known hosts of extant species of Dryinidae ( Guglielmino et al. 2013) .

Etymology. The new species is named after Dr. Ferdinand Madera (Oberdanegg, Austria).

Remarks. Xu et al. (2013) listed 46 extant species of Dryinus for the Oriental region, and divided them into three groups. D. maderai belongs to group 3, because its enlarged claw has no subapical teeth and is much longer than the arolium. Additionally they also listed six extant species of group 3 for the Oriental region. Among these six species, only Dryinus asiaticus ( Olmi, 1984) and D. gibbosoides Olmi, 1984 have incomplete notauli; in the other four species, notauli are absent.

The new species is similar to D. asiaticus , because both have the occipital carina complete. However, the chela of D. maderai has the enlarged claw with one row of seven lamellae ( Fig. 4 ), whereas in D. asiaticus the enlarged claw has one proximal peg like seta and no lamellae ( Fig. 5 ). In addition, the general aspect of the chela is different in the two above species ( Figs 4, 5 ). This new species is not comparable to D. gibbosoides , which has the occipital carina incomplete.

Figures

FIGURES 1–3. Dryinus maderai sp. nov.: female holotype: 1, dorsal view; 2, ventral view; female paratype: 3, forewing. Scale bar 1.0 mm for 1 and 2, 0.43 mm for 3.

FIGURES 4–5. 4. Dryinus maderai sp. nov., female holotype: chela. 5. Dryinus asiaticus (Olmi), female holotype: chela. Scale bar 0.13 mm for 4, 0.18 mm for 5.