Trochoseris aperta Duncan, 1864

Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C., 2008, Dendrophylliina, Caryophylliina, Fungiina, Microsolenina, and Stylinina, Zootaxa 1952, pp. 1-244 : 135-136

Trochoseris aperta Duncan, 1864

Pl. 11; figs 5a–6

v*1864 Trochoseris aperta , nobis: Duncan, p. 303, pl. 19, fig. 5.

v1880 Elliptoseris aperta, Duncan : Duncan, p. 48, pl. 8, figs 3–6 (topotypes studied).

1880 Turbinoseris elegans, Duncan : Duncan, p. 51, pl. 16, figs 3, 4.

1880 Trochoseris difformis, Reuss : Duncan, p. 47, pl. 11, figs 9, 10.

v1880 Trochoseris aperta , nobis: Duncan, p. 107, pl. 27, figs 9, 10.

v1899 Trochosmilia hilli , sp. nov.: Vaughan, p. 233, pl. 36, figs 1–4.

v1899 Trochoseris catadupensis , sp. nov.: Vaughan, p. 242, pl. 39, figs 5, 6 Topotypes studied).

v1919 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan : Vaughan, p. 426.

v1919 Trochoseris meinzeri , new species: Vaughan, p. 426, pl. 106, figs 2, 2a, 2b.

1925 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan 1899 : Felix, pars 28, p. 120.

1925 Trochoseris meinzeri Vaughan 1919 : Felix, pars 28, p. 121.

1925 Elliptoseris aperta Duncan 1880 Felix , pars 28, p. 147.

v1934 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan : Wells, p. 78, pl. 2, figs 9, 10.

v1941a Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan : Wells, p. 288, pl. 1, fig. 1.

?1974 Trochoseris (?) sp. cf. T. meinzeri Vaughan : Frost & Langenheim, p. 197, pl. 61, fig. 4.

1981 Trochosmilia oldhami Duncan : Abed & El-Asa‘ad, p. 275, pl. 1, figs 2a–b.

1987 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan : Kuzmicheva, p. 60.

1987 Fungiacyathus bodrakensis Kuzmicheva , sp. nov.: Kuzmicheva, p. 96, pl. 11, figs 1, 2.

?1991? Trochoseris sp. : Stemann, in Bryan et al., p. 33.

1992 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan, 1899 : Budd et al., p. 593.

v 1992 Trochoseris meinzeri Vaughan, 1919 : Budd et al., p. 593.

v2002 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan, 1899 : Baron-Szabo, p. 122, pl. 84, figs 3, 5.

v2003 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan, 1899 : Schafhauser et al., p. 190, tab. 1.

2005 Trochosmilia hilli Vaughan, 1899 : Filkorn, p. 121, fig. 2d.

2005 Trochoseris catadupensis Vaughan, 1899 : Filkorn et al., p. 123, fig. 2h.

v2006 Trochoseris aperta Duncan, 1864 : Baron-Szabo et al., p. 25, fig. 5.4.

Dimensions. d (max)= 6–74 mm; d (min)= 7–70 mm; s (adult)=300–500; s/mm=12–14 (16 areas of intense budding)/5; d (min)/d (max) (adult)=0.70–0.89; d (min)/d (max) (juvenile)=0.53–0.68.

Description. Solitary, trochoid or patellate, expanding rapidly from the base of attachment; calice broad and shallow in adult stages, slightly elongated in outline; calice deep and concave in juvenile stages, elliptical in outline; calicular pit circular or elongate; costosepta long, straight or wavy, crowded, compact, subcompact to porous in younger cycles, and developed in 6 to 7 cycles in 6 systems in adult stages; in places an irregular development following the Pourtalès present; lateral septal surfaces covered by delicate, subcarinate granulations, spiniform and rounded granules, and very elongated spiny prolongations; twelve to 40 septa extend to calicinal center, joining spongy-papillose columella; synapticulae numerous, disposed over the entire corallite; endothecal dissepiments sparse, thin, vesicular; wall synapticulothecal; epicostate lamellae are present; microstructure is composed of thick monaxial trabeculae, giving off secondary ones, and?polyaxial trabeculae.

Remarks. Compared to the specimen that is figured in Plate 11, figs 5a–b, the image presented on Plate 11, fig. 6 represents more juvenile corallite which is characterized by straighter septa and a deeper corallum. In later ontogentical stages, the central part of the corallum becomes rather broad and flat with wavy, winglike peripheral areas and flexuous septa. In the more juvenile corallites, the beginning of wing-like developments in the peripheral areas can be seen in the central upper and left part of the specimen in Plate 11, fig. 6.

Type locality of species. Eocene of Pakistan (Sind, Kurachee ) .

Distribution. Campanian of Cuba, Campanian-Lower Maastrichtian of central Saudi Arabia, Campanian- Maastrichtian (new material) and Eocene of Jamaica, Maastrichtian of Mexico (Ocozocuautla and Cardenas Formations),?Paleocene of the USA (Alabama, Salt Mountain Limestone), Danian of Ukraine, Paleocene- Eocene of Pakistan, Eocene of Cuba and Panama,?Upper Eocene of Mexico (Ixtaclum shale).

New Material. Maastrichtian of Jamaica, NMNH, Coates coll., sample nos.: 315a; 415a; 427a (=Jerusalem Mountain Inlier);497p; J-71-129A (=Ducketts Land Settlement); 533w; 533x; 533y (=Shaw Castle, Maldon Formation); 565; 569a; 569c; 569d; 590b; 593a; (=probably Cambridge railway area); J-71-7a; (=Glenbrook); J-71-13A-2v; (=Vaughnsfield); J3444h (=Welcome Hall).