Trichotichnus (s. str.) kavanaughi, Kataev & Hongbin & Wrase, 2022

Kataev, Boris M., Hongbin, Liang & Wrase, David W., 2022, New data on carabid beetles of Trichotichnus s. str. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of Yunnan (China) and adjacent areas, with description of six new species and two new subspecies, Zootaxa 5159 (3), pp. 301-353 : 347-350

Trichotichnus (s. str.) kavanaughi sp. n.

( Figs. 108 , 122–127 )

Type material. Holotype. Male , “ CHINA, Yunnan Prov. Gongshan, Dulongjiang Maku, headlamp 27.68498N, 98.30299E ”, “ 1814 m, 2006.08.28 N David Kavanaugh coll. California Academy & IOZ., Chinese Acad. Sci.” ( IOZ).

Paratypes. China. YUNNAN: 2 males, 7 females, same data as holotype ( IOZ, CAS, ZIN, cWR) ; 1 male, Gongshan, Dulongjiang , 2.8 km S Longyuan Vill., 28.00905°N 98.32204°E, 1660 m, 31.X.2004, D. Kavanaugh, D.Z. Dong leg. ( IOZ) ; 3 females, Gongshan, Dulongjiang, Maku , road, headlamp, 27.68545°N 98.30419°E, 1814 m, 30.VIII.2006 night, Liu Ye leg. ( IOZ) ; 5 males, 4 females, same data but 28.VIII.2006, Liu Ye leg. ( CAS, ZIN) ; 1 male, 7 females, same data but 29.VIII.2006 ( CAS, ZIN) ; 1 male, 3 females, same data but 31.VIII.2006, Liu Ye leg. ( IOZ, ZIN) ; 1 male, same data but 2.IX.2006 ( IOZ) ; 1 male, 3 females, same data but 3.IX.2006 ( IOZ) ; 1 male, same data but 27.68533°N 98.30425°E, 1823 m, 1.XI.2004, H.B. Liang leg. ( IOZ) ; 1 female, same data but 2.XI.2004, H.B. Liang leg. ( IOZ) ; 5 males, 2 femalef #, Gongshan, Dulongjiang, Kongdang , light trap, 27.87755°N 98.33612°E, 1511 m, 27.VIII.2006 night, Liu Ye leg. ( IOZ, CAS) ; 1 male, same data but roadside, 27.87696°N 98.33587°E, 1525 m, 5.XI.2004 night, H.B. Liang leg. ( ZIN) ; 1 male, 1 female, same data but 25.X.2004, H.B. Liang leg. ( CAS) ; 1 male, 3 females, Gongshan, Dulongjiang, 2.3 air km S Longyuan , 28.00532°N 98.32145°E, 1685 m, 2.XI.2004 night, D. Kavanaugh leg. ( CAS) ; 2 females, Gongshan, Dulongjiang, Bapo , along roadside, 27.73902°N 98.34975°E, 1412 m, 3.XI.2004, H.B. Liang leg. ( IOZ) ; 1 female, Gongshan, Cikai , 0.3 km WSW Maku, 27.68310°N 98.30038°E, 1845 m, 1.IX.2006, D. Kavanaugh leg. ( IOZ) ; 1 female, Gongshan, Dulongjiang , 0.5 km WSW Maku, trail, 27.68310°N 98.30038°E, 1845 m, 29.VIII.2006, D. Kavanaugh leg. ( IOZ) ; 1 male, Gongshan, Cikai Town, 0.5 km of Kongdang , 27.88111°N 98.34063°E, 1500 m, 25.X.2004, D. Kavanaugh leg. ( IOZ) .

Description (5 males and 2 females measured). Body length 8.5–9.6 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 108 .

Dorsum of body black, shiny, very slightly iridescent on elytra; labrum and mandibles along lower outer margin, occasionally also base of mandibles and narrow lateral margins of pronotum basally reddish brown; ventral side blackish brown to black. Palpi, antennae, tibiae, tarsi and in most specimens also trochanters brownish yellow or light brown; femora blackish brown, with base and very apex paler, brownish yellow.

Head moderately sized (HWmax/PWmax 0.70–0.72, HWmin/PWmax 0.52–0.56). Eyes large and convex, almost hemispherical (HWmax/HWmin 1.29–1.37), in lateral view almost round. Genae narrow, about as wide as antennomere 2 apically. Tempora short, glabrous. Fronto-clypeal suture slightly impressed, very widely rounded. Fronto-ocular furrows reaching supraorbital furrows, distinct along entire length, markedly deepened at clypeus. Supraorbital furrows comparatively narrow, almost touching upper margin of eye. Supraorbital setigerous pores small, situated slightly before level of posterior margin of eye and removed from supraorbital furrows by distance approximately equal to width of antennomere 2 apically; in many specimens one or two very small unsetigerous punctures present medially of each supraorbital seta. Labrum very shallowly concave anteriorly. Clypeus slightly convex, very shallowly emarginate along anterior margin, with a pair of setigerous pores each located at anterior angle. Mentum separated from submentum, with wide and short median tooth; epilobes markedly widened apically; submentum with one pair of long setae. Ligular sclerite widened apically, truncate at apex, with one pair of ventroapical setae. Paraglossae very narrow, about as long as ligular sclerite and separated from it by wide notches. Labial penultimate palpomere about as long as ultimate palpomere. Left mandible sharply bent in the apical quarter, obliquely truncate at tip. Dorsal microsculpture very fine, consisting of strongly obliterated, more or less isodiametric meshes, more distinct behind eyes laterally. Antennae slender and long, surpassing pronotal basal edge in female by two and a half, in male almost by three apical antennomeres, with antennomeres 4–8 almost 3.5 times as long as wide. Basal antennomere about as long as antennomere 3.

Pronotum transverse (PWmax/PL 1.33–1.41), widest slightly before the middle (PWmax/PWmin 1.19–1.25), more strongly narrowed apically than basally, with one lateral seta removed from lateral edge to internal margin of lateral depression and inserted slightly before widest point of pronotum. Sides rounded along apical two thirds; in basal third rounded or straightly converging, occasionally very shallowly sinuate; lateral bead narrow, slightly widened basally. Apical margin moderately emarginate, very narrowly bordered along entire length, but occasionally border obliterated or interrupted at the middle. Apical angles narrowly rounded, slightly protruding ahead. Basal margin more or less straight, occasionally oblique laterally, distinctly bordered along entire length, slightly longer than apical margin and markedly shorter than base of elytra between humeral angles. Basal angles slightly more than 90°; their apex more or less markedly, angularly protruding laterally, or not protruding, only with a small obtuse denticle. Pronotal disc convex medially. Lateral depression beginning from apical angles, moderately narrow in apical third, rather strongly widened in basal two third and fused with wide and deep laterobasal depressions; basal foveae located at internal margins of laterobasal depressions, elongate, occasionally indistinct; basal area convex medially. Median line distinct, slightly impressed. Anterior transverse depression shallow or deepened. Surface densely punctate in a wide area along margins, with coarsest punctures in laterobasal depressions; central portion of disc impunctate or with a few sparse micropunctures. Microsculpture highly obliterated, indistinct transverse meshes recognizable mostly along sides.

Elytra convex, elongate oval (EL/EW 1.43–1.55, EL/PL 2.71–2.95, EW/PWmax 1.36–1.40), widest in the apical third; sides shallowly concave before the middle. Humeri rounded, with a very small acute denticle visible in caudal view. Subapical sinuation distinct but shallow. Sutural angle acutangular, blunted or narrowly rounded at tip. Basal edge evenly arched or oblique; internal humeral angle very obtuse, almost indistinct, or rounded. Striae impunctate, reaching anteriorly basal edge, impressed along entire length (slightly more deeply apically). Intervals faintly convex on disc, markedly narrowed and moderately convex apically. Parascutellar (abbreviate) striole long, with a small setigerous pore basally. Interval 3 without discal pores or with one distinct setigerous pore (occasionally only on one elytron) at stria 2 behind the middle. Marginal umbilicate series without distinct gap at middle. Microsculpture strongly obliterated, indistinct transverse lines recognizable mostly on lateral intervals.

Wings well developed.

Prosternum with very fine short setae. Proepisternum finely punctate. Metepisternum about 1.40–1.60 times as long as wide, strongly narrowed posteriorly.

Legs and abdominal sternites as described for T. miwai continentalis ssp. n., but tarsomere 5 in most specimens with three pairs of ventro-lateral setae.

Median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs. 122–124 ) in lateral view slender, strongly arcuate, with apical portion slightly curved dorsally and with very apex bent ventrally; in dorsal view widened behind the middle and evenly narrowed in apical third; ventral side slightly impressed; terminal lamella ( Fig. 122 ) wide and long, longer than wide, narrowed posteriorly, concave on dorsal side and narrowly rounded at apex. Apical orifice in dorsal position, wide apically. Internal sac with a group of small spines on the left side behind the middle.

Female genitalia ( Figs. 125 & 126 ): gonocoxite comparatively wide in ventral and lateral view, about 0.7 times as long as gonosubcoxite, with rather wide base.

Etymology. The species is named after our friend and colleague, the outstanding and well-known carabidologist David H. Kavanaugh (California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco), who collected a part of the type series of this species and many specimens of other species considered in the present paper.

Comparison. This new species is most similar to T. miwai , but differs from it in having head relatively narrower, genae slightly wider, pronotum relatively longer and less strongly narrowed basally, pronotal basal angles in most specimens more protruding laterally, elytra relatively shorter, gonocoxite wider and with narrower base, and median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view more arcuate and slenderer, with much longer terminal lamella, and internal sac with a group of small spines instead of a medium-sized spine. Trichotichnus kavanaughi sp. n. is also somewhat similar to T. hamulipenis sp. n. in habitus, coloration and in having pronotum with deep laterobasal depressions. The two species also share such characters as not sulcate protibia, dense and long setae on tarsi ventrally, as well as one pair of marginal setae on last abdominal sternite and elongate pro- and mesotarsomeres in male. Trichotichnus kavanaughi sp. n. differs from the latter species in having body more slender, pronotum relatively longer, less strongly narrowed basally and more deeply emarginate at apical margin, metepisternum more elongate and wings well developed. In addition, the male genitalia of these species are very different as described above.

Distribution ( Fig. 127 ). Known from Gongshan County in northwesternmost Yunnan ( China), close to the western limit of distribution of T. miwai continentalis ssp. n. The species occurs at altitudes of about 1400–1850 m together with the nominotypical subspecies of T. hamulipenis sp. n.

Figures

FIGURE 127. Trichotichnus kavanaughi sp. n., distribution.

FIGURES 107–108. Trichotichnus ssp., habitus. 107, T. miwai continentalis ssp. n. (Wuliangshan); 108, T. kavanaughi sp. n. (Kongdang). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 122–126. Trichotichnus kavanaughi sp. n. 122, terminal lamella of aedeagus; 123, 124, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype); 125, gonocoxite; 126, laterotergite, gonosubcoxite, and gonocoxite (Maku). Dorsal (122 & 124), lateral (123 & 125) and ventral (126) views. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm (122, 125 & 126), B = 1.0 mm (123 & 124).