Symphytum cordatum Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd., Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 2: 121 (1799), non M.Bieb.

Novikov, Andriy, 2023, An annotated nomenclatural checklist of endemic vascular plants distributed in the Ukrainian Carpathians, Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 103921-103921 : 103921

Symphytum cordatum Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd., Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 2: 121 (1799), non M.Bieb.

Symphytum cordatum ≡ Symphytum cordatum Waldst. & Kit., Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 1: 6, t. 7 (1799-1802), non M.Bieb.; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/4067440; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/120770-1; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/120768-1

Symphytum cordatum = Symphytum cordifolium Baumg., Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 1: 126 (1816) *; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/4067436; IPNI: https://ipni.org/n/120771-1; WFO: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000432289; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/120771-1

Symphytum cordatum = Symphytum pannonicum Pers., Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 161 (1805) *; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/4067084; IPNI: https://ipni.org/n/120821-1; WFO: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000432232; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/120821-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/234946#page/173

Symphytum cordatum - Symphytum cordatum M.Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 130 (1808) [p. p., nom. inval.]; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/7937522; IPNI: https://ipni.org/n/120769-1; WFO: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0001350379; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/120769-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11268210#page/138

Conservation status

In Ukraine - LC ( Onyshchenko et al. 2022).

Distribution

Pancarpathian subendemic.

Notes

This species is closely and primarily associated with the Carpathian Mts. ( Novikoff and Hurdu 2015); however, it also rarely occurs in the Ukrainian lowland areas in Volhyn ( Chopyk 1976) and Podillia ( Kobiv 2007, Chorney 2011) going far from the mountain range. As a result, Malynovskiy et al. (2002) considered it Carpathian-Volhynia-Podolian species and Chorney (2011) treated it as a non-endemic taxon with a Central European distribution range. Nevertheless, numerous authors (e.g. Pawłowski (1961), Tasenkevich (2003), Kobiv (2007), Piękoś-Mirkowa and Mirek (2011), Hurdu et al. (2012), Negrean et al. (2015), Novikoff and Hurdu (2015), Mráz et al. (2016) and Kliment et al. (2016)) treated S. cordatum as a Carpathian endemic or subendemic species. Considering the extension of S. cordatum 's distribution range to the lowlands, it cannot be considered endemic and, therefore, it is listed here as a subendemic. However, further phylogeographical studies of this species are of great interest and would clarify its disjunctive distribution pattern.