Symplocos austin-smithii Standley (1938: 915)

Kelly, Lawrence M., Almeda, Frank & Fritsch, Peter W., 2016, A taxonomic revision of Mexican and Central American Symplocos (Symplocaceae), Phytotaxa 264 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

4. Symplocos austin-smithii Standley (1938: 915) . Type :— COSTA RICA. Zarcero, 1650 m, [10°11′N, 84°24′W], A. Smith A380 (holotype F!, isotypes CR-2!, EAP-n.v., online image!, F!, NY!)

= Symplocos brenesii Standley (1938: 916) . Type :— COSTA RICA. La Palma de San Ramón, 1130 m, [10°08′N, 84°33′W], A. M. Brenes 4456 (holotype F!, isotypes A!, CR-2!, NY!).

Trees 3–20 m tall; juvenile branchlets and vegetative buds glabrous or glabrate to densely hirsute, trichomes mostly 0.5–1.5 mm long, antrorsely to widely spreading, whitish or ferruginous. Petioles 5–12 mm long; leaf blades slightly bicolorous, narrowly elliptic or occasionally elliptic to obovate-elliptic, (5.5–)6–7(–15) × 2.8–4 cm, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, abaxially glabrous to sparsely appressed-pilose or moderately to densely hirtellous, adaxially glabrous (rarely hispid when young), secondary veins ± adaxially impressed but not deeply so, base acute to obtuse, margins entire or occasionally serrulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences racemes or fascicles 0.8–2.2 cm long, 3–9-flowered or rarely 1–2-flowered; peduncle 0–5 mm long; rachis 2–6 mm long, glabrous or sparsely to densely hirsute, trichomes 0.5–1 mm long; bracts deciduous, oblong to oblong-ovate or oblong-elliptic, 2–4 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous to densely hirsute, margins ciliate to densely hirsute; bracteoles deciduous, 5–8, oblong to oblong-ovate or oblong-elliptic, 1.5‒2 × 1.5‒2 mm, glabrous to densely hirsute, margins ciliate to densely hirsute. Pedicels to 3 mm long. Hypanthium densely sericeous or occasionally glabrous. Calyx lobes 5, triangular-ovate to rotund, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, densely sericeous or occasionally glabrous, margins ciliate to sericeous. Corolla white, red, or pink, 5-lobed, 7–14 mm long; tube 3–6 mm long; lobes adnate to filament tube for 6–9 mm, oblong to obovate, glabrous or sparsely (rarely densely) sericeous. Stamens 3–4-seriate; filament tube 6–9 mm long; distinct portions of filaments 2–4 × 0.25–0.5 mm. Disk pilose; style 5–12 mm long, pilose basally; stigma deeply 5-lobed. Fruits green maturing to dark bluish purple, cylindrical or short-cylindric to broadly ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.4 cm, strigillose or occasionally glabrous, apex with pronounced to obscure fleshy lobes, the calyx lobes not evident; calyx and disk enveloped by fleshy fruit apex, disk flat to convex; endocarp 3–5-locular, perimeter irregularly undulate to repand.

Vernacular name —None.

Illustration — Figure 8 .

Phenology —Flowering April through January, with peak flowering September through November; fruiting throughout the year.

Distribution and habitat — El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama, in cloud forests at 1000–2900 m elev. Figure 7 .

Conservation status —Numerous collections of Symplocos austin-smithii , many gathered in the last three decades, are known from throughout its range in four Central American countries. Based on this information coupled with its broad elevational distribution, we assign a classification of Least Concern (LC) to this species.

Discussion —Typical Symplocos austin-smithii has glabrescent branchlets, leaves 8–10 cm long and 3–4 cm wide, congested inflorescences, flowers ca. 1 cm long, and glabrous or sparsely pubescent petals. In Costa Rica and Panama, S. austin-smithii has leaves that are moderately pubescent or, more commonly, nearly glabrous; material from Nicaragua has densely ferruginous-pubescent branchlets and leaves.

See also the discussion under Symplocos serrulata .

Additional specimens examined — EL SALVADOR. Santa Ana: San José Ingenio, Parque Nacional Montecristo, Falda de Miramundo , 2200 m, 14°24′N, 89°23′W, 25 February 2003 , Carballo 655 ( MO!); San José Ingenio, P. N. Montecristo, El Trifinio, 2400 m, 14°25′N, 89°21′W, 10 January 2002 , Martínez 362 ( MO!); San José Ingenio, P. N. Montecristo, arriba del parqueo de monte nuevo, 2100 m, 14°25′N, 89°21′W, 24 January 2002 ,

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Martínez 638 (MO!); San José Ingenio, P. N. Montecristo, la quebrada del parqueo, 2000 m, 14°25′N, 89°21′W, 8 March 2002, Martínez 796 ( MO!) ; San José Ingenio, P. N. Montecristo, el trifinio, 2418 m, 14°25′N, 89°21′W, 9 March 2002, Martínez 803 ( MO!) ; San José Ingenio, P. N. Montecristo, saliendo a la cima de Miramundo, 2418 m, 14°25′N, 89°21′W, 10 May 2002, Martínez 1047 ( MO!) ; bosque nebuloso de la Montaña de Montecristo, 2200 m, [14°24′29″N, 89°22′02″W], 23 November 1976, Reyna 909 (EAP, photo!).

NICARAGUA. Jinotega: rd to La Fundadora, entering at Km 142 from Managua, region of Santa María de Ostuma , 1400 m, 7 December 1958, Hawkes et al. 2204 (C!, S!) ; carretera entre Matagalpa y Jinotega, Km 146, 1200–1400 m, [13°02′ N, 85°55′W], 25 May 1980, Moreno 562 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!) ; carretera Matagalpa – Jinotega, entre los Km 146 y 147, a 3 km N de la entrada a Aranjuez , 1400–1450 m, 13°03′N, 85°57′W, 20 August 1980, Moreno 1855 (CAS!, MO!) ; Km 146–147, a 3 km de la entrada a Aranjuez , 1400 m, 8 December 1980, Moreno 4969 ( MO!) ; carretera entre Matagalpa y Jinotega, Km 146, 1320 m, 13°01′N, 85°55′W, 27 May 1985, Moreno 25704 ( MO!) ; entre Santa Lastenia y entrada a Aranjuez , 1200–1250 m, 13°02′N, 85°55′W, 19 January 1984, Sandino 4703 (CAS!, MO!) ; along Hwy 3 ca. 1.9 km NW of Aranjuez Rd entrance, 1460–1480 m, 13°02′N, 85°56′W, 24 December 1977, Stevens 5616 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!) ; ca. 1.5 km from Hwy 3 on rd to Aranjuez , 1360–1380 m, 13°02′N, 85°55′W, 14 January 1978, Stevens 5990 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!) ; along Hwy 3 ca. 1.9 km NW of Aranjuez rd entrance, 1460–1480 m, 13°02′N, 85°56′W, 30 June 1978, Stevens 9212 (CAS!, MO!) ; along rd from Hwy 3 through La Fundadora, between La Salvadora and La Palestina, 1100–1150 m, 13°04–05′N, 85°53–54′W, 31 October 1979, Stevens & Grijalva 15388 (CAS!, MO!) ; along Hwy 3 between Matagalpa and Jinotega, ca. 1.9 km NW of Aranjuez rd entrance, near Km 145, 1460–1480 m, 13°02′N, 85°55′W, 7 May 1980, Stevens et al. 16968 (CAS!, MO!) ; along Hwy 3 between Matagalpa and Jinotega, ca. 4 km NW of Aranjuez entrance, 1400 m, 28 September 1982, Stevens 21881 ( MO!) ; along rd from Hwy 3 to La Fundadora, 1200–1400 m, 13°02–04′N, 85°54–55′W, 28 September 1982, Stevens et al. 21857 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!) ; Santa María de Ostuma, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua between Matagalpa and Jinotega, 1300–1500 m, [13°02′N, 85°56′W], 8–15 January 1963, Williams et al. 23436 (F!, NY!, S!, US!) . Matagalpa: behind La Selva Negra Hotel, slopes of Cerro Picacho, near the border with Dept. Jinotega, 1200–1540 m, [13°N, 85°55′W] 23–25 May 1985, Davidse et al. 30430 (CAS!, MO!) ; El Arenal between Aranjuez and Santa Martha, 1400 m, [13°01′11″N, 85°55′36″W], 7 March 1967, Molina R. 20331 (F!, MO!, NY!, US!) ; Cordillera Central of Nicaragua between Aranjuez and Peores Nada, 1500 m, [13°01′40″N, 86°04′20″W], 1 November 1968, Molina R. 22961 (DS!, F!, MO!, NY!) ; cloud forest at Santa María de Ostuma , 1400–1500 m, [13°N, 85°55′W], 22 September 1976, Neill 861 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. Matagalpa, carretera a Jinotega, a 1 km de la Hacienda Valparaíso, 1350 m, 13°02–04′N, 85°56′W, 22 May 2002, Rueda et al. 17161 ( MO!) ; Hacienda La Hamonia, N del Hotel Selva Negra , 1200–1300 m, [12°59′N, 85°54′W], 26 May 1983, Sandino & Martínez 4341 (CAS!, MO!) ; Macizos de Peñas Blancas , SE side, drainage of Quebrada El Quebradon, slopes N and W of Had. San Martín, 1000–1400 m, 13°14–15′N, 85°38–39′W, 18–20 January 1982, Stevens et al. 21051 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!) ; rd to La Fundadora, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua , 1400 m, [13°03′N, 85°55′W], 8 January 1967, Williams & Molina 20125a (F!, NY!) ; rd to Aranjuez, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua , 1400 m, [13°01′30″N, 85°55′W], 8 January 1967, Williams & Molina 20145 (F!, NY!, US!) ; between Disparate de Potter and Aranjuez, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua , 1300 m, [13°01′30″N, 85°55′W], 12 January 1963, Williams et al. 23683 (F!, NY!, US!) ; rd to La Fundadora, N of Santa María de Ostuma, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua, 1300–1500 m, [13°03′N, 85°55′W], February 1963, Williams et al. 24831 (F!, US!) ; along rd to La Fundadora ca. 5 km N of Santa María de Ostuma, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua , 1400 m, 16 January 1965, Williams et al. 27700 (F!, MO!, NY!, US!) ; rd to Aranjuez, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua , 1400 m, 5 December 1973, Williams & Molina 42792 (F!) .

COSTA RICA. Alajuela: La Palma de San Ramón, [10°08′N, 84°33′W], 10 November 1927, Brenes 5821 (CR!, F!, NY!, S!); La Palma de San Ramón, 24 July 1928, Brenes 6204 ( NY!); La Palma de San Ramón, 29 September 1925, Brenes 7605 (CR!, S!); La Palma de San Ramón, 29 September 1925, Brenes 21455 ( CR!); La Palma de San Ramón, 10 November 1927, Brenes 21456 ( CR!); bosque sobre colina vecina de Palmira, 1900 m, [10°12′39″N, 84°22′56″W], 13 November 1964, Jiménez M. 2553 (CR!, F!, MO!, NY!); Monteverde, ascending along second plateau on rd to Cerro Amigos, 1700–1800 m, 10°19′11″N, 84°48′07″W, 29 April 2002, Penneys 1509 ( CAS!); Zarcero, 1900 m, [10°11′N, 84°24′W], 13 July 1937, Austin Smith 136 (DS!, F!, MO!, NY!); Palmira, 5700 ft, 27 September 1937, Austin Smith A499 (F!); Zarcero, Cantón Alfaro Ruíz, 1850 m, [10°11′N, 84°24′W], 31 October 1939, Austin Smith P1973 (A!); La Ventolera, on the S slope of the Volcán Poás, 1700 m, [10°11′N, 84°14′W], 17–18 February 1924, Standley 34591 ( US!); vicinity of Fraijines, 1500–1700 m, [10°09′N,

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Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 23 84°12′W], 12–13 February 1926, Standley & Torres R. 47439 ( US!); Finca Poasita, slopes of Volcán Poás, 2200 m, [10°11′41″N, 84°14′23″W], 1 May 1949, Williams 16657 (F!). Alajuela-Puntarenas-Guanacaste: Cordillera de Tilarán, Monteverde, ca. 1 km S of Cloud Forest Reserve Field Station, 1460 m, [10°18′N, 84°48′W], 23 February 1986, Almeda et al. 5086 (CAS!, CR!, INB!, NY!); Monteverde, Cordillera de Tilarán, en potrero abierto, 1400–1500 m, [10°18′N, 84°48′W], 15 August 1976, Dryer 602 (F!, MO!); Monteverde, Cordillera de Tilarán, en orilla de bosque y camino a la Reserva, 1520–1560 m, [10°18′N, 84°48′W], 16 November 1976, Dryer 956 (F!); Monteverde, Cordillera de Tilarán, en orilla de potrero y bosque, 1400–1500 m, [10°18′N, 84°48′W], 26 November 1976, Dryer 979 (F!, MO!). Cartago: along crest of ridge S of Alto Patillos, ca. 6 km SE of Tapantí, 1800 m, 9°43′00″N, 83°46′30″W, 9 October 1986, Grayum & Herrera 7734 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!); above Santa María de Dota, 2500 m, [09°39′12″N, 83°58′13″W], 1 April 1975, Holdridge 6825 ( CR!); Estrella Hills S of Cartago, [09°46′36″N, 83°57′36″], 23 May 1952, Lankester & Stork 4684 ( NY!); Entrada Río Chorizo, cerca de Empalmela Hermita, 2400 m, [09°43′08″N, 83°56′56″W], 29 August 1966, Madríz V. AMV-8 ( CR!); Cantón de Cartago, R. F. Río Macho, Cordillera de Talamanca, La Chonta, 2450 m, 09°42′07″N, 83°56′31″W, 10 April 1994, Morales et al. 2665 (CAS!, MO!); San Lucas de Santa María de Dota, [09°39′12″N, 11°58′13″W], 31 December 1974, Salas M. & Poveda s.n. ( CR!); ca. 14 km SE of El Empalme, 2600 m, [09°40′12″N, 83°51′W], 18 July 1977, Wilbur et al. 22884 (CAS-2!, DUKE!, MO!). Guanacaste: Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Estación Biológica Volcán Cacao, Sendero a Casa Frank (después del derrumbe), 1200 m, 10°55′38″N, 85°29′11″W, 3 December 1989, Chávez & Blanco 17 (F!, MEXU!, MO!, NY!); Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Estación Cacao, 1100 m, 10°55′45″N, 85°28′15″W, 22 November 1990, Chávez 392 (F!, MO!); Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Estación Cacao, 1100 m, 10°55′45″N, 85°28′15″W, 21 November 1990, Espinoza 39 (F!, MO!); Z. P. Tenorio, Tilarán, Cordillera V. Tilarán, Tierras Morenas, Río San Lorenzo, 1050 m, 10°36′40″N, 84°59′45″W, 29 April 1993, Rodríguez 255 ( MO!); Parque N. Rincón de la Vieja, bosque cercano a la casona, [10°49′18″N, 85°21′W], 22 November 1987, Sánchez & Poveda 1292 (F!). Heredia: P. N. Braulio Carrillo, Sendero de Transecto, descent from Cerro Las Marías, 2230 m, 10°10′07″N, 84°06′48″W, 30 May 1992, Boyle 884 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!); above San José de la Montaña , on W slope of Volcán Barva, 1950 m, [10°05′06″N, 84°06′32″W], 17 May 1966, Fosberg et al. 47794 ( NY!); vicinity of Porrosatí, S slope Volcán Barva, 1960–2000 m, 10°06′N, 84°07′W, 3 April 1987, Grayum et al. 8237 (F!, MO!); Cantón de Barva, Cordillera Central, entre Porrosatí y Sacramento, faldas del Volcán Barva, 2000 m, 10°05′22″N, 84°06′22″W, 24 January 1996, Hammel 20132 (MEXU!, MO!); Hatheway farm pasture, W slope of Volcán Barva, 1600 m, [10°08′N, 84°06′W], 13 March 1970, Hartshorn 839 (F!); along rd to Volcán Barva, 2 km S of Sacramento, 2050 m, [10°05′22″N, 84°06′22″W], 29 December 1974, Hartshorn 1614 (F-2!, MO!, NY!); S slope of Volcán Barva, 1950 m, [10°06′N, 84°06′W], 6 June 1965, Hatheway 1419 (CR!, DS!, F!, GH!, NY!, US!); above Santa Elena de San Isidro de Heredia, 1500 m, [10°02′11″N, 84°02′44″W], 13 April 1979, Hartshorn & Holdridge 2247 (F!, MO!, NY!); Volcán Barba, above San José de la Montaña , 1800–2000 m, [10°08′N, 84°06′W], 14 November 1971, Holdridge 6597 (CR-2!); Río Choriso, 2400 m, 29 August 1966, Madriz V. 8 (F!); Monte de la Cruz, 1900 m, [10°04′N, 84°05′W], 9 March 1972, McCaffrey DMC184 ( CR!); Cantón de Barva, Montaña La Isla, 3 km al N de Porrosatí, 2380 m, 10°06′48″N, 84°06′14″W, 21 April 1990, Rivera 237 (MEXU!, MO!); P. N. Braulio Carrillo, Orillo carretera, 100 m N de Soda La Campesina, 1 km de Sacramento, 2400 m, 10°07′00″N, 84°07′20″W, 7 July 1990, Rivera 406 ( MO!); Cantón de Barva, Cuenca del Tárcoles, San José de la Montaña, Paso Llano , a orilla de la carretera, 1900 m, 10°05′10″N, 84°06′40″W, 10 July 1997, Rodríguez et al. 1965 ( MO!); Río Macarron, San Rafael, Río Macarron, N cabecera Río La Hoja, Los Angeles de S. Rafael, de Heredia, 1700 m, 2 October 1960, San Román s.n. ( CR!); vicinity of Vara Blanca, N slope of Central Cordillera, between Poás and Barva volcanoes, 1710 m, [10°10′12″N, 84°09′W], May 1938, Skutch 3777 (MO!, NY!, S!, US!). Limón: Almirante, fila divisoria entre la cuenca superior del Río Xichiari y la cuenca superior del Río Boyei, 1300 m, 09°45′50″N, 83°19′45″W, 12 August 1995, Herrera 8420 (F!, MO!). Puntarenas: Zona protectora Las Tablas, Estación Las Alturas, Las Alturas de Coto Brus, 1500 m, 08°57′20″N, 82°50′20″, 10 December 1991, Aguilar 713 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!); upper Río Negro Valley, 1500–1600 m, 10°20′N, 84°50′W, 9 September 1985, Bello C. 3023 (CAS-2!, MO!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Las Mellizas, cabeceras de Río Negro, 1600 m, 08°55′30″N, 82°45′40″W, 17 August 1989, Chacón 346 ( MO!); Cantón de Liberia, P. N. Guanacaste, Cordillera de Guanacaste, Cerro Cacao, Estación Cacao, 1100 m, 10°55′45″N, 85°28′15″W, 14 July 1991, Chávez 577 ( MO!); foothills of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Sitio Coto Brus, 1800–1900 m, 08°59′N, 82°46′W, 3 September 1983, Davidse 24505 (C!, CAS!, MEXU!, MO!); Cordillera de Talamanca, trail between headwaters of the Río Bella Vista and Sitio Cotón (Cotonsito) on the Río Cotón, 1800–2200 m, 09°49′–57′N, 82°46′–49′W, [08°49–57′N, 82°46–49′W], 11

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March 1984, Davidse et al. 25525 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!); Cantón de Puntarenas, Cordillera de Tilarán, San Luis, Cerro Amapola, Monteverde, 1100 m, 10°16′33″N, 84°47′45″W, 23 November 1993, Fuentes & Fuentes 581 (MEXU!, MO!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Z. P. Las Tablas, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, 8 km NE del Progresso, 1960 m, 08°58′30″N, 82°46′15″W, 19 February 1997, Gamboa R. & Picado 1043 ( MO!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, Estación Biológica Las Alturas, 1540 m, 08°56′31″N, 82°50′07″W, 18 October 1997, Gamboa R. 1886 ( MO!); Monteverde, 1450–1550 m, [10°20′N, 84°50′W], 21 August 1984, Gentry & Haber 48735 (C!, CAS!, MO!); Monteverde, upper community, 1500 m, [10°18′34″N, 84°48′15″W], 17 October 1978, Haber 218 (CAS!, MO!); Monteverde, upper community, 1500 m, 24 October 1984, Haber 761 (CAS!, MO!); Monteverde, upper community, 1500–1550 m, 21 December 1984, Haber 1154 ( MO!); Monteverde, upper community, 1550 m, 25 September 1985, Haber 2777 (CAS!, MO!); Monteverde, 1550 m, 25 September 1985, Haber 3109 (CAS!, MO!); Monteverde, rd to TV towers, Pacific slope, 1500 m, [10°18′N, 84°48′W], 14 November 1986, Haber ex Bello 6239 (CAS!, F!, MEXU!, MO!); Monteverde, 1450 m, 18 December 1988, Haber 8918 (CAS!, MO!); in Mata's pasture, Monteverde, 1550 m, [10°18′N, 84°48′W], 26 July 1977, Hartshorn 1896 (F!, MO!, NY!); 5 km NW of Santa Elena, along high rd to Tilarán, 1500 m, [10°19′48″N, 84°51′W], 21 February 1978, Hartshorn 2131 (F!, MO!); Coto Brus, Reserva de la biósfera La Amistad, Estación Biológica Las Alturas de Coton, 1455–2100 m, 08°57′00″N, 82°49′56″W, 8 July 1994, Kress & Calderon 94-3880 ( US!); Coto Brus, Reserva de la Biósfera de la Amistad, cerca Estación Biológica Las Alturas de Cotón, 1455–2100 m, 08°57′00″N, 82°49′56″W, 8 July 1994, Kress & Runk 94-4657 ( US!); rd to Las Alturas, 1400 m, 08°56′N, 82°51′W, 10 July 1972, Lent 2738 (CR!, F!, NY!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, Pie Quijada Diablo, 1640 m, 08°53′51″N, 82°45′30″W, 26 April 1997, Navarro V. 727 ( MO!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Z. P. Las Tablas, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, Sitio Tablas, 1850 m, 08°57′03″N, 82°44′38″W, 25 July 1997, Navarro V. 767 ( MO!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Z. P. Las Tablas, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, Zona Protectora Las Tablas, 1500–2000 m, 08°58′42″N, 82°50′14″W, 1 November 1996, Quesada et al. 1741 (F!, MO!); Cantón de Coto Brus, Z. P. Las Tablas, Cordillera de Talamanca, Quijada del Diablo, San Vito, 1200 m, 08°54′40″N, 82°47′10″W, 25 September 1990, Ramírez 126 ( MO!). San José: Cantón de Pérez Zeledón, P. N. Chirripó, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, sendero a Chucuyo, 1650 m, 09°25′33″N, 83°35′08″W, 20 September 1997, Alfaro et al. 1449 ( MO!); Cantón de Dota, Cordillera de Talamanca, La Cima, 2500 m, 09°40′36″N, 83°55′01″W, 20 May 1993, Chavarría 507 (NY!, MO!); Hänge in der Umgebung von Tarbaca an der Strasse San José–San Ignacio, etwa 5 km südlich Aserrí, 1800 m, 17 August 1988, Döbbeler 744 (MEXU!, MO!); San Jerónimo de Moravia, [10°01′N, 84°01′W], 29 September 1946, Echeverria 670 (CR!, F!); Cantón de Pérez Zeledón, Cuenca Térralba–Sierpe, Estación Cuericí, en orillas de quebrada Los Leones, 2560 m, 09°33′20″N, 83°40′15″W, 11 October 1996, Gamboa R. 798 ( MO!); Cantón de Pérez Zeledón, Cuenca Térraba–Sierpe, Estación Cuericí, sendero El Carbón, 5 km E of Villa Mills, 2800 m, 09°33′48″N, 83°39′50″W, 1 December 1996, Gamboa R. & Picado 929 ( MO!); Dota, camino entre La Trinidad 6 Copey, a la vera del Río Pirrís (Parrita), 2000 m, 09°39′N, 83°53′30″W, 29 June 1992, Gómez L. 12257 (F!); off the Pan Am. Hwy, 0.9 km above La Chonta, 2460 m, [09°41′24″N, 83°55′48″W], 11 May 1969, Lent 1676 (F!, MEXU!, MO!); near Río Parrita Chiquita, 5 km N of Santa María de Dota, 2000 m, 09°43′N, 83°58′W, 10 October 1976, Lent 3945 (F!); Z. P. Cerros de Escazú Cedral, vereda entre Alto Hierba Buena y Poas de Aserrí, 1600–2000 m, 09°51′34″N, 84°07′44″W, 28 March 1992, Morales 233 (CAS!, MO!); Cantón de Aserrí, Z. P. Cerros de Escazú, Cuenca del Río Grande de Tárcoles, el Cedral, Alto Hierbabuena, 2150 m, 09°50′30″N, 84°06′35″W, 6 November 1993, Morales 1966 (CAS-2!, F!, MO- 2!); Finca Madre Selva, Trinidad de Dota, 2400 m, 28 December 1989, Wiemann 272 (F!); Z. P. Cerros de Turrabares, Sitio Llano Caite, 1500 m, 09°47′30″N, 84°27′50″W, 1 April 1990, Zúñiga et al. 183 (F!, MO!). Province unknown: San Cristóbal Rd, 8000 ft, 27 May 1928, Stork 2206 (F!, MEXU!, MO!).

PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: Caribbean slopes of Cerro Fábrega at foot of “Falso Fábrega” in Palo Seco Reserve , second northernmost tributary (on map) of Culubre River , Pavón Camp , 1300 m, 09°09′51″N, 82°39′41″W, 23 March 2005, Monro & Cafferty 4914 ( MO!) . Chiriquí: Dist. Renacimiento, Jurutungo, alrededores de la finca Los Quetzales , 1935 m, 08°54′N, 82°44′W, 23 September 1996, Galdames et al. 3384 (MO!, NY!) ; Boquete , 5000 ft, [08°47′N, 82°28′W], 27 June 1938, Davidson 803 (A!, F!, MO!, US!) ; Boquete, Volcán de Chiriquí , 7000 ft, [08°48′31″N, 82°32′32″W], 12 July 1938, Davidson 887 (A!, F!, US!) ; Cerro Horqueta , 1500 m, [08°49′N, 82°27′W], 2 August 1967, Duke et al. 13614 ( MO!) ; vicinity of Fortuna Dam, along trail near Río Hornito , 1100 m, [08°45′N, 82°15′W], 8 August 1986, McPherson 9875 (CAS!, MO!) ; near border with Costa Rica, ca. 13 rd-km from Río Sereno, Finca Hartmann , 1400–1800 m, 08°50′N, 82°45′W, 12 May 1991, McPherson 15306 (CAS!, F!, MO!) ; vicinity of Boquete, Finca Collins , 5800–6700 ft, [08°48′25″N, 82°27′50″W] ,

A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF SYMPLOCOS

Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 25 13 March 1963, Stearn et al. 2028 (MO!, US!); Dist. Boquete, Alto Quiel, Finca Lerida, [08°48′27″N, 82°27′59″W], 5 November 1994, Quiroz & Garrido 168 (F!, NY!) ; Dist. Bugaba, Santa Clara , 1300 m, 08°50′N, 82°44′W, 26 February 1985, van der Werff & Herrera 7106 (CAS!, MO!) ; valley of the upper Río Chiriquí Viejo , [08°48′N, 82°34′W], 20 March 1940, White 339 (F!, GH!, MO!) .

Figures

FIGURE 7. Geographic distribution of Symplocos abietorum, S. austin-smithii, and S. austromexicana.

FIGURE 8. Symplocos austin-smithii. a. Branchlet with inflorescences. b. Inflorescence with flower buds. c. Flower. d. Flower bud. e. Corolla opened with attached stamens. f. Disk, style, and stigma. g. Fruit. (a, b drawn from A. Smith A380, F; c–f drawn from A. Smith A499, F; g drawn from G. L. Hartshorn 1614, F.)