Gonatodes humeralis ( Guichenot, 1855 )

Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A., 2015, Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. II. Gekkonidae, Phyllodactylidae, Sphaerodactylidae, Zootaxa 3981 (1), pp. 1-55 : 13

Gonatodes humeralis ( Guichenot, 1855)

Type-locality. Rio Ucayali, Mission de Sarayacu, Peru.

Pertinent taxonomic references. Guichenot (1855), Cope (1864), Peters (1871), O’Shaughnessy (1876), Boulenger (1885), Cunha (1961), Vanzolini (1968), Hoogmoed (1973), McBee et al. (1984), Cunha et al. (1985), Nascimento et al. (1988), Ávila-Pires (1995), dos Santos et al. (2003), Gamble et al. (2008a, 2008b, 2011b), Schargel et al. (2010), Kok (2011), Ávila-Pires et al. (2012), Rivero-Blanco & Schargel (2012).

Distribution and habitat. Gonatodes humeralis is widespread in Amazonia, distributed also in northern Pantanal (in gallery forest contiguous with Amazonia), occurring in Trinidad and Tobago, Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia ( Fig. 7 ). In Brazil it is known from the states of Amapá, Pará, Amazonas, Roraima, Acre, Rondônia, Tocantins, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul. Gonatodes humeralis is arboreal/scansorial and diurnal, frequently the most common lizard encountered, and it occurs in a wide range of ecological environments in the Amazonian region. It inhabits primary and secondary terra firme forests, varzea and igapó forests, isolated patches of forest in open vegetation areas, gallery forests, tree plantations (including Eucalyptus and cocoa), and perianthropic areas, where it is found on trunks, branches and limbs of trees (0–4 meters above ground), on fallen tree trunks, lianas, palms, epiphytes, bushes, in small crevices and cavities near the ground, on walls, fences and in gardens of human habitations ( Beebe 1944; Vanzolini 1968; Hoogmoed 1973; Vanzolini & Williams, 1981; Cunha et al. 1985; Nascimento et al. 1988; Duellman & Salas 1991; Hoogmoed & Ávila-Pires 1991; Martins 1991; Ávila-Pires 1995; Duellman & Mendelson 1995; Vitt & Zani 1998; Vitt et al. 1999; 2000; 2003; 2008; Molina et al. 2004; Schlüter et al. 2004; Ribeiro-Júnior et al. 2006; 2008; Whitworth & Beirne 2011). It is most common in perianthropic and disturbed situations, such as clearings, human habitations (buildings) and second growth, in western Amazonia ( Ecuador and Peru) than in eastern, wherein it is more often found in forested habitat ( Dixon & Soini 1975; 1986; Duellman & Mendelson 1995; Vitt & Zani 1996; Vitt et al. 1997).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Distribution of examined material of Gonatodes humeralis.