Parbatthorax proiectus, Irfan & Peng, 2019

Irfan, Muhammad & Peng, Xianjin, 2019, The genus Parbatthorax Tanasevitch, 2019 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) new to China, with a new species from the Gaoligong Mountains, European Journal of Taxonomy 555, pp. 1-11 : 3-10

Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29B068AE-D2E4-4BC7-813D-197825629C3D

Figs 1–7

Diagnosis

The new species is closely related to Parbatthorax unicornis Tanasevitch, 2019 in having the male carapace modified with a thick horn-shaped spine and the palp with a similar embolic division ( Figs 1–4 ; Tanasevitch 2019: figs 1–8). It can, however, be distinguished by the denticulate tibial apophyse and the highly modified paracymbium in the new species ( Figs 2 A–D, 3A–B, 4A–B), whereas the tibial teeth are absent and the paracymbium is less modified in P. unicornis ( Tanasevitch 2019: fig. 3).

Etymology

The species name comes from the Latin adjective ‘ proiectus ’ meaning ‘protruding’ and refers to the projections on the distal margin of the male palpal tibia. The gender is masculine.

Material examined

Holotype

CHINA – Yunnan Province • ♂; Lushui County, Pianma Township, Chanyan He , 9.3 km ESE of Pianma; 25.99363° N, 98.66651° E; 2470 m a.s.l.; 14 May 2005; Charles Griswold leg.; mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forest; beating understory vegetation; HNU CGY107 .

Paratypes

CHINA – Yunnan Province • 11 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; HNU CGY107 • 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Mingguang Township, Zizhi Village ; 25.78277° N, 98.61633° E; 2200 m a.s.l.; 21 May 2006; Ming-wei Yang leg.; HNU YHY10 • 2 ♀♀; Tengchong County, Jietou Township, Datang Village , on the road from Daheling Ganjiao to Dashu Dujuan ; 25.42018° N, 98.40946° E; 2430 m a.s.l.; 17 May 2006; Xian-jin Peng, Xin-ping Wang and Peng Hu leg.; HNU Peng 060517 • 1 ♀; Jietou Township, Datang Village, Daheling Ganjiao ; 25.74556° N, 98.69630° E; 2030 m a.s.l.; 15 May 2006; Xian-jin Peng, Xin-ping Wang and Peng Hu leg.; HNU Peng 060515 • 1 ♀; Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, S of Dizhengdang Village along Silalong He above main N/S road; 28.07654° N, 98.32603° E; 1890 m a.s.l.; 28 Oct. 2004; D.H. Kavanaugh leg.; HNU DHK-2004-058 A .

Description

Male

BODY AND HEAD. Total length 1.52–1.76. Holotype ( Figs 1 A–B, 3C–D): total length 1.58. Carapace brown, 0.58 long, 0.61 wide; cephalic lobe 0.29 long; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct; ocular region with three thick, horn-like spines. Clypeus 0.31 high. Sternum longer than wide, dark brown, with spine-like hairs. Labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broad, with scopulae. Chelicerae with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Eye region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, slightly wider than ARE, PME present on cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.06, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.03, PME–PME 0.07, AME–ALE, 0.01, PME–PLE 0.05, AME–PME 0.11, ALE–ALE 0.20, PLE–PLE 0.24, ALE–PLE contiguous.

LEG MEASUREMENTS. I 2.62 (0.71, 0.86, 0.63, 0.42), II 2.55 (0.70, 0.83, 0.61, 0.41), III 2.08 (0.62, 0.64, 0.48, 0.34), IV 2.5 (0.69, 0.79, 0.65, 0.37).

LEG FORMULA. I–II–IV–III. TmI 0.32 and TmIV 0.27.

TIBIAL SPINE FORMULA. 2–2–1–1.

ABDOMEN. 1.00 long, 0.68 wide, oval, grey, middorsally with broad light patch followed by three chevrons extending towards base of spinnerets, ventral side grey.

PALP ( Figs 2 A–D, 3A–B, 4A–B). Patella as long as tibia; tibia short, distal part with four apophyses with teeth, looking like a flower in ventral view; paracymbium sclerotized, proximal part simple; distal arm highly modified, with a hook-shaped process. Tegulum excavated ventrally. Distal suprategular apophysis robust basally and narrowing gradually towards tip. Embolic division: convector round, with distal apophysis protruding upward; median membrane reduced; radix covered by convector in retrolateral view; embolus sclerotized, long, slightly curved and directed forward.

Female

BODY AND HEAD. Total length 1.69–1.98. One of the paratypes (CGY107, Fig. 1 C–D): total length 1.95. Carapace brown, 0.74 long, 0.61 wide, middorsally slightly elevated; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.19 high. Sternum brown, wider than long, with spine-like hairs. Labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broad, with scopulae. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Eye region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, slightly wider than AER. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.05, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.03, AME– ALE, 0.01, PME–PLE 0.03, AME–PME 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.22, PLE–PLE 0.25, ALE–PLE contiguous. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I 2.66 (0.79, 0.82, 0.68, 0.37), II 2.65 (0.76, 0.85, 0.66, 0.38), III 2.11 (0.65, 0.63, 0.51, 0.32), IV 2.59 (0.74, 0.84, 0.64, 0.37).

LEG FORMULA. I–II–IV–III. TmI 0.29 and TmIV 0.21.

TIBIAL SPINE FORMULA. 2–2–1–1.

ABDOMEN. Pale, 1.34 long, 1 wide, oval, all other morphological characters as in male.

EPIGYNE ( Figs 5 A–B, 6A–C). Wider than long, sclerotized; ventral plate wider than long, narrow posteriorly; copulatory opening located at posterior end between dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate sclerotized, wider than long.

INTERNAL GENITALIA. Copulatory ducts sinuous, longitudinally folded laterally; spermathecae oval, present mesally, separated by a distance of two times of their width; fertilization ducts short, extending mesally.

Distribution

China (Yunnan, Fig. 7 ).

Figures

Fig. 1. Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CGY107) (A–B) and ♀, one of the paratypes collected with the holotype (CGY107) (C–D). A, C. Habitus, dorsal view. B, D. Habitus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 2. Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov., holotype, male palp (CGY107). A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 3. Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov., ♂, one of the paratypes collected with the holotype (CGY107). A. Embolic division, ventral view. B. Embolic division, retrolateral view. C. Cephalothorax, anterodorsal view. D. Prosoma, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 4. Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov., holotype, male palp (CGY107). A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 5. Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov., one of the paratypes collected with the holotype (CGY107). A. Epigyne, ventral view. B. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 6. Parbatthorax proiectus sp. nov., one of the paratypes collected with the holotype (CGY107). A. Epigyne, ventral view. B. Epigyne cleared, ventral view. C. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 7. Distribution of Parbattorax proiectus sp. nov.