Phytoliriomyza pallidofasciata Kato, 2022

Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna & Imada, Yume, 2022, Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts, ZooKeys 1133, pp. 1-164 : 1

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7A37FE0-DC2A-4ECC-A6A1-0E873C7C7A5A

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8B683ED-E6C7-401F-ADF4-73F11F414EF8

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:C8B683ED-E6C7-401F-ADF4-73F11F414EF8

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Phytoliriomyza pallidofasciata Kato
status

sp. nov.

26. Phytoliriomyza pallidofasciata Kato sp. nov.

Fig. 49 View Figure 49

Material examined.

Holotype: Japan: 1♂ (MK-AG-a519), Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref. (33.8907°N, 134.4580°E, 310 m asl), 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 27-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32045. Paratypes: Japan: 1♂2♀ (MK-AG-a538, a520, a537), same data as holotype, emerged on 27-IV-1-V-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32046-32048; 1♀ (MK-AG-676), Asahi-daki, Shuzenji, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32049; 1♀ (MK-AG-a240) Mt. Ichifusa, Mizukami, Kuma, Kumamoto Pref., 14-XII-2012 (as larva), emerged on 22-III-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 32050.

Other material.

Japan: 3♂1♀, Momiki, Izumi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref., 23-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on?-VI-2015; 2♂, Yoro-keikoku, Otaki, Isumi, Chiba Pref., 17-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 18-20-IV-2016; 1♂2♀, Amagi-toge, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 19-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 8-V-3-VI-2021; 2♂2♀, Kuki, Owase, Mie Pref., 29-III-2019 (as larva), emerged on 9-30-IV-2019; 1♀, Takinohai, Kozagawa, Wakayama Pref., 13-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2014; 2♀, Wabuka, Kushimoto, Wakayama Pref., 4-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 9-IV-2012; 7♂8♀, Narutaki, Ichiu, Tsurugi, Tokushima Pref., 31-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV-20-V-2021; 1♂2♀, Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 25-IV-2011; 3♀, Mt. Kosho, Asakura, Fukuoka Pref., 11-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 1-13-V-2016; 1♂, Amagi-toge, Izu, Kaeda-keikoku, Kagamisu, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Pref. Pref., 11-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2021.

Diagnosis.

A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9-2.0 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with two pairs of pale brown stripes, a black 1st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 3-5 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum orientalis .

Description.

Adult male (Fig. 49A-E View Figure 49 ).

Head: Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 49C View Figure 49 ). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 49B View Figure 49 ). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 49C View Figure 49 ). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 49B View Figure 49 ). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row.

Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with a medial brownish yellow stripe on anterior 2/3, with a pair of narrow pale brown supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider pale brown intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural pale brown ovoid spots (Fig. 49B View Figure 49 ). Scutellum, subscutellum, mediotergite, anatergite and katatergite yellow (Fig. 49E View Figure 49 ). Pleuron entirely yellow (Fig. 49B View Figure 49 ). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 49D View Figure 49 ). Acrostichal setulae eight or nine pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 2.0 mm, costa reaching M1 (Fig. 49A View Figure 49 ). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 1.1-1.3.

Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown (Fig. 49E View Figure 49 ). Genitalia: (Fig. 49 View Figure 49 ) Epandrium rounded apically;inner-lateral surface with an elongated tubercle-like seta, whose tip papillate; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six or seven fused long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and a row of 2-5 short tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 49J View Figure 49 ). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 49J View Figure 49 ). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view; dorsal lobe plate-like, with a pair of setae basally (Fig. 49J View Figure 49 ). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 49G View Figure 49 ). Postgonite bare and goose barnacle-shaped (Fig. 49G View Figure 49 ). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 49G, I View Figure 49 ). Basiphallus with broad plate on left side and lightly sclerotized anterodorsal margin (Fig. 49G View Figure 49 ). Hypophallus membranous, covered with microtrichia ventrally; with margins lightly sclerotized; medially with a pair of dark fused, ventrally incurved narrow sclerites; a small tubule protruding ventrally from subdistal center of the membrane (Fig. 49I View Figure 49 ). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus (Fig. 49I View Figure 49 ). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, pigmented, with inflated, truncated apex (Fig. 49I View Figure 49 ). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 49H View Figure 49 ).

Female (Fig. 49F View Figure 49 ). Similar to male, mediotergite sometimes brownish. Wing length 1.9 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 49L, M View Figure 49 ) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 49L View Figure 49 ). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 49M View Figure 49 ). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1/3 length of cercus (Fig. 49M View Figure 49 ). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 49L View Figure 49 ).

Variation.

The color of the lateral stripes on the scutum varied among populations, but a geographical cline was not observed. The number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium varied from 5 to 6 among localities.

Etymology.

The specific name (pallidus = pale, fascia = stripe) refers to the two pairs of pale brown stripes on the scutum.

Japanese name.

Kirisame-jagoke-hamoguribae.

Host plant.

Conocephalum orientalis ( Conocephalaceae ).

Mine.

Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines (Fig. 49N-P View Figure 49 ).

Biological notes.

The habitats of this species are stream banks and mesic slopes in warm temperate evergreen forests dominated by Castanopsis cuspidata and Quercus glauca . Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring.

Distribution.

Japan: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (Fig. 50 View Figure 50 ).

Remarks.

This species resembles P. nigroflava , P. brunofasciata , and P. bifasciata in having two pairs of dark lateral stripes on the scutum; it is distinguished from them by the color of the stripes (pale brown in P. pallidofasciata ; black in P. nigroflava ; brown in P. brunofasciata ; inner pairs black and outer pairs pale brown in P. bifasciata . This species also resembles P. luteola in having wholly yellow body; it is distinguished from the latter by having two pairs of lateral stripes on the scutum (absent in P. luteola ), and by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium (4-5 in P. pallidofasciata ; 3-4 in P. luteola ). The locality records of P. pallidofasciata are concentrated along southern sea coasts, while those of P. luteola are scattered in higher altitudes and in northern areas.