Philippiphonte, Huys, Rony & Lee, Jimin, 2018

Huys, Rony & Lee, Jimin, 2018, Philippiphonteaspidosoma gen. et sp. n., a radically divergent member of the Laophontidae from shell gravel in the East Sea, South Korea, including a review of Folioquinpes Fiers & Rutledge, 1990 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), ZooKeys 775, pp. 15-46 : 15

Genus Philippiphonte gen. n.

Diagnosis.

Laophontidae . Body extremely dorsoventrally flattened, porcellidiid-like. Distinct sexual dimorphism in size, urosomal segmentation, antennule, P3 endopod, P5, and P6. Rostrum large, inverted trapezoid; anterior margin slightly convex in ♀, virtually straight in ♂. Cephalothoracic shield broadly bell-shaped; lateral margins fringed with closely set spinules. Pedigerous somites bearing legs 2-4 with strongly developed pleurotergites, those of leg 4-bearing somite backwardly produced and embracing leg 5-bearing somite and anterior half of genital double-somite; each provided with strong spinules along lateral margins. Leg 5-bearing somite reduced, without marked pleurotergites. Genital double-somite completely fused. Second and third abdominal somites with lobate pleurotergites, those of penultimate somite embracing anal somite and anterior half of caudal rami. Anal somite without expanded pleurotergites; operculum naked. Caudal rami flattened, longer than wide, with straight outer and markedly convex inner margin; with medially directed spinules along inner margin and finer spinules along outer margin; with seven setae, all of which located near posterior margin of ramus; setae IV–V with fracture planes and fused at base.

Antennule slender, 5-segmented and with aesthetasc on segment 3 in ♀, subchirocerate, 8-segmented and with aesthetasc on segment 5 in ♂; without spinous processes on segments 1-2; segments 1-3 with setules along anterior margin; segment 3 elongate in ♀. Antenna with allobasis bearing unipinnate seta along abexopodal margin. Exopod 1-segmented, with four elements. Mandible with slender gnathobase; palp small, comprising unisetose basis with incorporated endopod and discrete exopod, armed with three and one seta(e), respectively. Maxillule without defined rami; armature of palp represented by one lateral and three distal setae. Maxilla with two coxal endites; endopod with two setae. Maxilliped elongate and slender; syncoxa with one seta; endopod represented by acutely recurved claw with minute accessory seta at its base.

Legs 1-4 with very wide and narrow intercoxal sclerites. Leg 1 with sparsely plumose inner and outer seta on basis; exopod 3-segmented with long outer spine on exp-1, extending beyond distal margin of exp-3 and bearing stiff spinules along its outer margin; exp-2 with outer unipinnate spine; exp-3 with two unipinnate spines and two geniculate setae; endopod 2-segmented, prehensile, enp-1 unarmed, enp-2 with short claw but accessory seta not discernible. Legs 2-4 with transversally elongate bases, with long (P2-P3) or short (P4) outer seta; with 3-segmented exopods and 2-segmented endopods (except for P3 endopod 3-segmented in ♂); outer exopodal spines typically unipinnate in distal half only, inner setae very long and plumose; outer margin of P2-P4 enp-2 with double row of flimsy setular extensions. Leg 3 ♂ with outwardly recurved, spinous apophysis on enp-2; enp-3 with one inner and two apical setae. Armature formulae:

Leg 5 biramous; baseoendopod very elongate, backwardly recurved, with outer basal seta arising from short dorsal setophore; endopodal armature represented by three setae in ♀ and one seta in ♂; exopod with four elements in ♀ and three elements in ♂.

Genital field ♀ located near border with leg 5-bearing somite. P6 forming well developed operculum with two small setae in ♀; asymmetrical in ♂ (with dextral or sinistral configuration), with outer distal corner bearing one minute seta.

Type species. Philippiphonte aspidosoma gen. et sp. n. (by original designation).

Etymology. The genus is dedicated to Rudolph Amandus Philippi (14 September 1808-23 July 1904), author of the type genus Laophonte Philippi, 1840 and of the first publication to adopt the term “copepod” in its title ( Philippi 1843). Many of Philippi’s (1840, 1843) generic names such as Aenippe , Euryte , Idomene , Idya (= Tisbe ), Metis , Oncaea , Psamathe (= Scutellidium ) and Thyone (= Porcellidium ) were named after figures of Ancient Greek mythology and so was also Laophonte , named after a daughter of Pleuron, and the wife of Thestius, by whom she had Althaea and Leda.