Cyanopterus tricolor ( Ivanov, 1896 )

Cao, Liang-Ming, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tang, Yan-Long, Wang, Xiao-Yi & Yang, Zhong- Qi, 2020, Revision of parasitoids of Massicus raddei (Blessig & Solsky) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) in China, with one new species and genus, Zootaxa 4881 (1), pp. 104-130 : 109-113

4. Cyanopterus tricolor ( Ivanov, 1896)

Figs 4 , 5 , 6

Iphiaulax tricolor Ivanov, 1896: 177 ; Szépligeti, 1904: 22.

Iphiaulacidea tricolor ; Fahringer, 1926: 212.

Ipobracon tricolor ; Telenga, 1936: 96; Tobias, 1971: 207; Shenefelt, 1978: 1836.

Cyanopterus (Ipobracon) tricolor ; Tobias & Belokobylskij, 2000: 176.

Material examined. 6♀♀, NE China, Jilin Province, Meihekou Forest , 24.VIII.2008, Wang Dian-Ming, Tang Hua and Yang Zhong-Qi, reared from larvae of M. raddei ; 1♀, NE China, Liaoning Province, Kuandian County, Daxi-cha Forest , 25.VI.2009, N40°44′58″, E125°11′35″, 455 m altitude, Tang Yan-long & Yang Zhong-Qi ; 1♀, id., but 9.VI.2009, Yang Zhong-Qi.

Redescription. Body length of ♀ 4.2–5.2 mm. Fore wing length of ♀ 4.9–5.9 mm.

Color (Female). Head yellow to pale brown; ocellar triangle stemmaticum variable, yellow to totally black, ocelli black ( Fig. 4B ); antennae dark gray to black ( Fig. 5B ); apical third of mandible black; labial and maxillary palpi pale yellow to yellow ( Fig. 4C ). Dorsal part of pronotum and mesoscutum variable in colour, from yellow to black ( Fig. 4D ); side of pronotum, propleuron, fore leg (except tarsus) yellow to brown ( Fig. 5A ); scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, mesopleuron, metapleuron, and hind leg uniformly black ( Fig. 4A ); middle leg brown to black. Epipleuron of first metasomal tergite yellow to orange, remainder of metasoma entirely black in dorsal view ( Fig. 5C ); ovipositor sheath black, basal 2/3 of ovipositor white and apical 1/3 yellow.

Head. In dorsal view, head width 1.6–1.8 × median length, 1.2 × width of mesoscutum; frons and vertex smooth, with few setae; median length of vertex twice median length of frons; ocellar triangle regular triangular, slightly higher than vertex; OOL: OD: POL = 10: 3: 5; length of eye: length of temple = 18: 13 ( Fig. 4B ). In anterior view, width of head median 1.4 × height of head; minimum distance between eyes subequal to height of eye; face smooth, covered with more setae than frons and vertex; height of clypeus 0.3 × its width, ventral margin of clypeus arcuate; mandible robust, basal 2/3 broad and apical 1/3 acute; malar space 0.35 × height of eye ( Fig. 5C ). In lateral view, maximum height of head (including mandible) 1.4 × maximum length of head ( Fig. 5A ). Antenna with 40 antennomeres, scape 1.2 × length of 1 st flagellomere and 1.2 × longer than its maximum width; 1 st flagellomere 2.5 × its maximum width, 1.6 × 2 nd flagellomere; last flagellomere acute apically ( Fig. 5B ).

Mesosoma. In dorsal view, mesosoma smooth with sparse long setae; median length of mesoscutum 0.8 × its width; middle lobe of mesoscutum evenly rounded anteriorly; notauli weak, V-shaped; scutellar sulcus 0.4 × maximum width of mesoscutum and its length 1/10 of median scutellar length, with 7–8 longitudinal carinae; scutellum smooth with sparse long setae, apex with dense setae; metanotum 1/4 of median length of scutellum, smooth; propodeum smooth with long white setae ( Fig. 4D ). In lateral view, length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height; mesoscutum evenly elevated above pronotum; mesopleuron smooth with sparse long setae, subalar depression distinct ( Fig. 5A ).

Wings. Faintly brown (except for small areas of basal 2 nd discal cell, anterior 1 st submarginal cell, and anterior

1 st subdiscal cell of fore wing); length of fore wing 3.0 × its maximum width; pterostigma 2.9 × as long as its maxi-mum width; vein 1-R1 2.4 × length of pterostigma; vein r originates at basal 2/5 of pterostigma; vein SR1 1.3 × as long as vein 3-SR; vein 3-SR 3.8 × as long as vein r; vein r 0.6 × as long as vein 2-SR; meeting point of veins 2-SR, 2-M and 2-SR+M less sclerotized, veins interrupted; vein 1-SR+M straight; vein 1-SR 0.25 × length of vein 1-M; vein r-m interrupted both ends, twisted; veins 3-M and CU1a extending to wing margin ( Fig. 6D ). Length of hind wing 4.0 × its maximum width; vein M+CU 0.35 × length of vein 1-M; 1-SC+R curved ( Fig. 6E ); vein 1r-m of hind wing 1.9 × as long as vein 2-SC+R.

Legs. Fore femur 0.9 × as long as fore tibia and 4.0 × as long as its width, fore tibia 8.0 × its width, spur 0.5 × as long as basitarsus of fore leg, ratio of fore tarsomeres I–V = 45: 30: 22: 16: 20 ( Fig. 6A ); middle femur 0.85 × middle tibia, spur 0.4 × as long as basitarsus of middle leg, ratio of middle tarsomeres I–V = 50: 35: 24: 12: 20 ( Fig. 6B ); hind femur 3.3 × its width, 0.64 × as long as hind tibia, ratio of hind tarsomeres I–V = 60: 30: 25: 15: 28 ( Fig. 6C ).

Metasoma. All tergites smooth and shiny except crenulate grooves; 1 st tergite 1.2 × longer than its maximum apical width in dorsal view (excluding epipleuron); epipleuron developed; 1 st tergite with large and deep basal depression and crenulate lateral grooves, flat lateral area narrow posteriorly ( Fig. 5C ); 2 nd tergite smooth (except crenulate grooves), medio-basal area wide triangular and baso-lateral areas small; suture between 2 nd and 3 rd tergites 0.12 × as long as median length of 3 rd tergite; maximum width of 3 rd tergite 3.8 × its median length (without 2 nd metasomal suture); 3 rd and 4 th tergites smooth and shiny, weakly convex, with small antero-lateral raised areas; 4 th and 5 th tergites with coarsely crenulate transverse suture basally; 6 th tergite without transverse suture basally; length of ovipositor sheath 0.8 × as long as median length of metasoma, 0.4 × as long as length of fore wing ( Fig. 5C ); ovipositor with minute teeth apically ( Fig. 5D ) and apical half of dorsal valve of ovipositor keeled.

Male. Unknown.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Massicus raddei (new and first host record).

Distribution. China (Liaoning), Russia (Europe, Far East), Ukraine.

Remarks. This species is reported for the first time from China. It can be found both in Jilin and Liaoning Provinces, but the population appears to be very small. Until now, no male individual has been found in NE China.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Cyanopterus tricolor (Ivanov), ♀. A Habitus, dorsal aspect, scale bar = 2 mm B Head, dorsal aspect, scale bar = 0.3 mm C Head, frontal aspect, scale bar = 0.3 mm D Mesosoma, dorsal aspect, scale bar = 0.4 mm.

FIGURE 5. Cyanopterus tricolor (Ivanov), ♀. A Head and mesosoma, lateral aspect, scale bar = 0.6 mm B Antenna, scale bar = 1 mm C Metasoma, dorsal aspect, scale bar = 0.7 mm D Ovipositor tip, lateral aspect, scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 6. Cyanopterus tricolor (Ivanov), ♀. A Fore right leg, scale bar = 0.35 mm B Middle right leg, scale bar = 0.4 mm C Hind right leg, scale bar = 0.35 mm D Fore wing, scale bar = 1 mm E Hind wing, scale bar = 1 mm.