Protocheirodon vari, , Raredon, 2003

Toledo-Piza, Mônica, Baena, Eduardo G., Dagosta, Fernando C. P., Menezes, Naércio A., Ândrade, Marcelo, Benini, Ricardo C., Bertaco, Vinicius A., Birindelli, José Luís O., Boden, Gert, Buckup, Paulo A., Camelier, Priscila, Carvalho, Fernando R., Castro, Ricardo M. C., Chuctaya, Junior, Decru, Eva, Derijst, Eddy, Dillman, Casey B., Ferreira, Katiane M., Merxem, Dimitri G., Giovannetti, Victor, Hirschmann, Alice, Jégu, Michel, Jerep, Fernando C., Langeani, Francisco, Lima, Flávio C. T., Lucena, Carlos A. S., Lucena, Zilda Margarete S., Malabarba, Luiz R., Malabarba, Maria Cláudia S. L., Marinho, Manoela M. F., Mathubara, Kleber, Mattox, George M. T., Melo, Bruno F., Moelants, Tuur, Moreira, Cristiano R., Musschoot, Tobias, Netto-Ferreira, André L., Ota, Rafaela P., T. Oyakawa, Osvaldo, Pavanelli, Carla S., Reis, Roberto E., Santos, Osmar, Serra, Jane Piton, Silva, Gabriel S. C., Silva-Oliveira, Cárlison, Souza-Lima, Rosana, Vari, Richard P. & Zanata, Angela M., 2024, Checklist of the species of the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi), Neotropical Ichthyology (e 230086) 22 (1), pp. 1-548 : 310-312

RP Vari

Xiphostomi Swainson, 1838:259. (no family-group name

Xiphostominae Boulenger, 1904 (correct spelling Xiphostomat-):576. Type genus: Xiphostoma Agassiz in Spix, Agassiz, 1829. Additional comments: Boulenger (1904b:576) misspelled Xiphostominae. Regan (1911:20) corrected the stem to Xiphostomat-. The name is objectively invalid since Xiphostoma Agassiz in Spix, Agassiz, 1829 was preoccupied by Xiphostoma Kirby, Spence, 1818 in Hemiptera .

Ctenolucinae Schultz, 1944:258. Type genus: Ctenolucius Gill, 1861 . Additional comments: Stem emended to Ctenoluci- by Fowler (1950:327).

Spixostomatidae Whitley, 1951b:407. Type genus: Spixostoma Whitley, 1951 . Additional comments: replacement name for Xiphostomidae .

BOULENGERELLA Eigenmann, 1903

Xiphostoma Agassiz , in Spix, Agassiz, 1829:60, 78. Type species: Xiphostoma cuvieri Spix, Agassiz, 1829 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Neuter. Additional comments: Preoccupied by Xiphostoma Kirby, Spence, 1818 , in Hemiptera , replaced by Spixostoma Whitley, 1951 .

Boulengerella Eigenmann, 1903:147 . Type species: Xiphostoma lateristriga Boulenger, 1895 . Type by original designation. Gender: Feminine.

Spixostoma Whitley, 1951b:407 . Type species: Xiphostoma cuvieri Spix, Agassiz, 1829 . Type by being a replacement name. Gender: Neuter. Additional comments: Replacement for Xiphostoma Agassiz, 1829 , preoccupied by Xiphostoma Kirby, Spence, 1818 , in Hemiptera .

Boulengerella cuvieri (Agassiz, 1829)

Xiphostoma cuvieri Agassiz , in Spix , Agassiz, 1829:79, Pl. 42. Type locality: Brasiliae fluviis. [Rivers of Brazil]. Holotype: MHNN 823 .

Xiphostoma ocellatum Jardine , in Schomburgk , 1841:245, Pl. 23. Type locality: Essequibo R., Guyana. Lectotype: MNHN A-9853. [Designated by Vari (1995:79)].

Xiphostoma oseryi Castelnau, 1855:76 , Pl. 40 (fig. 1). Type locality: Tocantins. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MNHN 0000-4233 (head and skin).

Xiphostoma longipinne Steindachner, 1876c:132 [84]. Type locality: Mündung des Rio Negro. [ Brazil]. Holotype: NMW (not found).

Distribution: 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315, 316, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324 ( Vari , 1995; de Queiroz et al., 2013).

Remarks: Author of species name is Agassiz according to Kottelat (1988); followed by Vari (1995).

Boulengerella lateristriga (Boulenger, 1895)

Xiphostoma lateristriga Boulenger, 1895b:449 . Type locality: Manaos. [ Manaus , Brazil]. Holotype: BMNH 1893.4 .24.28.

Distribution: 308, 314 ( Vari , 1995).

Boulengerella lucius (Cuvier, 1816)

Hydrocynus lucius Cuvier, 1816:168 . Type locality: Brésil. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MNHN A-8601 (dry).

Distribution: 307, 308, 314, 316 ( Vari , 1995; de Queiroz et al., 2013).

Boulengerella maculata ( Valenciennes, 1850)

Xiphostoma maculatum Valenciennes , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:357 . Type locality: Amazon. Holotype: MNHN 0000-4232.

Xiphostoma taedo Cope, 1872b:267 , Pl. 13 (fig. 2). Type locality: Ambiyacu. [ Peru]. Lectotype: ANSP 7958 . [Designated by Fowler (1907:463). Treated as holotype by Böhlke (1984:66) and Vari , 1995].

Distribution: 308, 314, 315, 316, 320, 321, 323 ( Vari , 1995).

Boulengerella xyrekes Vari, 1995

Boulengerella xyrekes Vari, 1995:82 , figs. 46–50. Type locality: Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Negro basin, Rio Marauiá, Cachoeira de Bicho-Áçú, cataract pools (~ 00°20’S, 65°20’W). Holotype: MZUSP 32163 .

Distribution: 308, 309, 314, 316 ( Vari , 1995).

CTENOLUCIUS Gill, 1861

Ctenolucius Gill, 1861:8 . Type species: Xiphostoma hujeta Valenciennes, 1850 . Type by subsequent monotypy, established by Bean, 1908:701, who incorrectly identified the specimens as Ctenolucius hujeta . Gender: Masculine.

Luciocharax Steindachner, 1879e:67 . Type species: Luciocharax insculptus Steindachner, 1878 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.

Belonocharax Fowler, 1907:464 . Type species: Belonocharax beani Fowler, 1907 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.

Ctenolucius beani (Fowler, 1907)

Belonocharax beani Fowler, 1907:464 , fig. 51. Type locality: Truando , Rio Atrato basin in the Isthmus of Darien, Colombia . Holotype: ANSP 16642 .

Luciocharax striatus Boulenger, 1911b:212 . Type locality: Boca de Calima , Chocó, southwestern Colombia , elevation 150–200 feet. Holotype: BMNH 1919.7 .11.210.

Distribution: 302, 303 ( Vari , 1995).

Ctenolucius hujeta ( Valenciennes, 1850)

Xiphostoma hujeta Valenciennes , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:358 . Type locality: Rivières de Maracaïbo basin. [ Venezuela]. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-4231. [Designated by Vari (1995:52)].

Luciocharax insculptus Steindachner, 1878:91 . Type locality: Magdalenen-Stromes. [ Colombia ]. Lectotype: NMW 68252. [Designated by Vari (1995:52)].

Distribution: 210, 301 ( Vari , 1995).

CURIMATIDAE Gill, 1858