Arenita fazendinha Huber & Carvalho, 2019

Huber, Bernhard A. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2019, Filling the gaps: descriptions of unnamed species included in the latest molecular phylogeny of Pholcidae (Araneae), Zootaxa 4546 (1), pp. 1-96 : 50-51

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4546.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D2C9F49A-9B76-40AE-9A60-CAE9B99BA547

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5449731

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E21587DB-FFA9-FFE6-FF11-FC484F37F867

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Arenita fazendinha Huber & Carvalho
status

sp. nov.

Arenita fazendinha Huber & Carvalho View in CoL sp. n.

Figs 177–188 View FIGURES 177–184 View FIGURES 185–186 View FIGURES 187–188 , 192–197 View FIGURES 189–197

Gen.n. Br16-44: Eberle et al. 2018 (molecular data); Huber et al. 2018: fig. 3.

Type material. BRAZIL: ♂ holotype, UFMG (22738) ; 3♂ 4♀ paratypes, UFMG (22739, 22616), 5♂ 2♀ paratypes, CHNUFPI (2533), and 4♂ 12♀ 2 juvs paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 20631), Amapá, forest SW Macapá, Área de Proteção Ambiental da Fazendinha , ‘site 2’ (0.051°S, 51.123°W), 20 m a.s.l., 12.x.2016 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) GoogleMaps .

Other material examined. BRAZIL: 3♀, CHNUFPI (2540, 2547, 2552) ; 1♂ 2♀, UFMG (22612, 22620, 22623); and 2♀ 2 juvs, ZFMK (Br16-252), all in pure ethanol, same data as types .

Etymology. The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Males are easily distinguished from all other known pholcids by highly distinctive macroseta on male palpal trochanter ( Figs 185–186 View FIGURES 185–186 ), by shapes of male palpal segments ( Figs 185–186 View FIGURES 185–186 ; femur small, patella globular, tibia large), by procursus reduced to tiny transparent projection ( Fig. 186 View FIGURES 185–186 ); from most known pholcids also by barely modified male chelicerae ( Fig. 187 View FIGURES 187–188 ; only pair of indistinct lateral humps proximally); females are distinguished by combination of small size, eight eyes, oval epigynum with anterior and posterior epigynal plates of approximately same size ( Fig. 182 View FIGURES 177–184 ). Males and females are apparently unique among known Pholcidae by presence of only one trichobothrium on each palpal tibia ( Figs 186 View FIGURES 185–186 , 196 View FIGURES 189–197 ).

Description. Male (holotype). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 0.93, carapace width 0.40. Distance PME-PME 40 µm; diameter PME 35 µm; distance PME-ALE 10 µm; distance AME-AME 15 µm, diameter AME 20 µm. Leg 1: 2.16 (0.63 + 0.13 + 0.55 + 0.52 + 0.33), tibia 2: 0.47, tibia 3: 0.40, tibia 4: 0.57; tibia 1 L/d: 11.

COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-yellow, abdomen monochromous ochre-gray.

BODY. Habitus as in Figs 177–178, 180–181 View FIGURES 177–184 . Ocular area barely elevated. Thoracic furrow absent (cf. female, Fig. 192 View FIGURES 189–197 ). Clypeus unmodified. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.28/0.26), unmodified. ALS with one widened, one pointed and several (approx. five) long cylindrically shaped spigots ( Fig. 193 View FIGURES 189–197 ). Gonopore without epiandrous spigots ( Fig. 195 View FIGURES 189–197 ).

CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 187 View FIGURES 187–188 , barely modified, with pair of indistinct lateral humps proximally.

PALPS. As in Figs 185–186 View FIGURES 185–186 ; coxa without retrolateral apophysis, trochanter with highly distinctive macroseta, femur with retrolateral process proximally and short ventral process with two hairs; patella globular; tibia with only one trichobothrium (retrolateral trichobothrium absent; confirmed in other males); procursus tiny and weakly sclerotized, barely visible in dissecting microscope; bulb large and complex.

LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 51%; tibia 1 without prolateral trichobothrium (present on other tibiae); tarsus 1 with 6 pseudosegments, fairly distinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 15 males (incl. holotype): 0.55–0.69 (mean 0.59).

Female. In general similar to male ( Fig. 179 View FIGURES 177–184 ). Tibia 1 in 22 females: 0.41–0.51 (mean 0.47). Palpal tibia with only one trichobothrium ( Fig. 196 View FIGURES 189–197 ); palpal tarsal organ exposed ( Fig. 197 View FIGURES 189–197 ). Epigynum very simple externally ( Fig. 182 View FIGURES 177–184 ), anterior and posterior plates of approximately same size, central area whitish, internal sclerotized arc visible through cuticle. Internal genitalia very short relative to epigynal plate ( Figs 183–184 View FIGURES 177–184 , 188 View FIGURES 187–188 ), presence of pore plates not unambiguously confirmed (possibly in vertical position). ALS spigots as in male ( Fig. 194 View FIGURES 189–197 ).

Distribution. Known from type locality only ( Fig. 345 View FIGURE 345 ).

Natural history. This species was found in relatively dry leaf litter in a slightly elevated part of a daily flooded forest. When shaken on a white sheet of plastic, the spiders ran away very quickly.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Pholcidae

Genus

Arenita

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