Aetana mokwam Huber, 2019

Huber, Bernhard A. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2019, Filling the gaps: descriptions of unnamed species included in the latest molecular phylogeny of Pholcidae (Araneae), Zootaxa 4546 (1), pp. 1-96 : 74-78

Aetana mokwam Huber sp. n.

Figs 267–269 , 281–285 , 289 , 294–296

Type material. INDONESIA: ♂ holotype, ZFMK (Ar 20652), West Papua, Arfak Mountains, forest above Mokwam (1.112°S, 133.911°E), 1600 m a.s.l., 5–6.xi.2009 (S. Sutono) .

Other material examined. INDONESIA: 4♂ 7♀ 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 20653–54), and 2♀ 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ind 195), same data as holotype . 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 20655), West Papua, Arfak Mountains, forest near Kamu village (1.102°S, 133.911°E), 1500 m a.s.l., 7.xi.2009 (S. Sutono) . 4♂ 7♀, ZFMK (Ar 20656), West Papua, Arfak Mountains, forest along stream above Syobri village (1.114°S, 133.906°E), 1680 m a.s.l., 7.xi.2009 (S. Sutono) .

Etymology. The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Males differ from most congeners (except A. ondawamei ) by pair of finger-shaped apophyses on male palpal trochanter ( Fig. 281 ) and by shape of procursus ( Figs 282 , 284 ; three distal elements: whitish oval element with two heavily sclerotized rounded apophyses, and two long hinged elements); from A. ondawamei by much larger palps (compare Figs 284 and 286 ) and by more slender dorsal hinged element of procursus (19 x longer than wide versus 12 x in A. ondawamei ). Females differ from most congeners (except A. ondawamei and A. ternate ) by elongated female internal genitalia and pore plates ( Figs 285 , 296 ); from A. ondawamei by anterior part of internal genitalia much narrower than posterior part ( Figs 295–296 ). Males and females also differ from A. ondawamei by unpaired median mark ventrally on abdomen (paired in A. ondawamei ; compare Figs 289 and 290 ).

Description. Male (holotype). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.0, carapace width 1.8. Distance PME-PME 540 µm; diameter PME 170 µm; distance PME-ALE 40 µm; AME absent. Leg 1: 50.9 (12.1 + 0.7 + 12.3 + 21.3 + 4.5), tibia 2: 7.9, tibia 3: 5.7, tibia 4: 8.2; tibia 1 L/d: 75.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre yellow with dark brown lateral marginal bands and median band including ocular area; clypeus with dark brown pattern in distal half; sternum monochromous light brown to orange; legs light brown, with indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistal) and tibiae (proximal, subdistal), tips of femora and tibiae lighter. Abdomen ochre-gray, densely covered with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, with large external mark dorsally in posterior third; ventrally with light brown median marks behind gonopore and in front of spinnerets.

BODY. Habitus as in Figs 267–268 . Eye triads on short stalks directed towards lateral ( Fig. 283 ). Thoracic furrow absent (only black median line). Clypeus with pair of short obtuse apophyses close to distal margin ( Fig. 283 ). Sternum wider than long (1.15/0.75), unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 283 , with pair of long lateral apophyses directed towards lateral and anterior and pair of small proximal lateral processes.

PALPS. As in Figs 281–282 ; coxa unmodified, trochanter with distinctive pair of ventral apophyses, femur with small retrolateral process, ventral protrusion, and larger prolateral process with small apophysis; tarsus small; procursus consisting of heavily sclerotized proximal part and three distal elements ( Fig. 284 ): whitish oval element with two heavily sclerotized rounded apophyses, and two long hinged elements, dorsal part widened distally (in dorsal view), ventral part simple and slender; genital bulb with short tubular embolus as only process.

LEGS. Without spines; few vertical hairs; with curved hairs on tibiae 1–2 (few on tibiae 3) and metatarsi 1–2;

retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 2.5%; tibia 1 without prolateral trichobothrium (present on other tibiae); tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally distinct. Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 8 other males: 10.7–12.4 (mean 11.7).

Female. In general similar to male ( Fig. 269 ) but eye triads not on stalks and closer together (distance PME- PME 260 µm), clypeus unmodified, abdomen anteriorly above pedicel with slightly sclerotized area acting against strong conical elevation medially on carapace. Tibia 1 in 15 females: 8.5–10.7 (mean 9.9). Epigynum long, resulting in posterior position of genital opening ( Fig. 289 ); anterior plate barely modified in anterior part, internal valve visible through cuticle, with strong transversal ridges in posterior part ( Fig. 294 ); posterior plate simple, apparently without pockets. Internal genitalia with very long pore plates (actually fields of pores), apparently without internal pockets ( Figs 285 , 296 ).

Distribution. Known from type locality only ( Fig. 349 ).

Natural history. The species was found in humid forest ( Fig. 336 ) among rocks in well-sheltered spaces near the ground, in domed webs of ~ 30 cm diameter. When disturbed, the spiders barely moved and were easy to catch.

Figures

FIGURE 349. Collecting sites of newly described species of Aetana in eastern Indonesia and of Giloloa sofifi sp. n. on Halmahera. Red mark: two undescribed species deposited in Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii.

FIGURES 264–271. Giloloa sofifi sp. n. and Aetana spp. live specimens. 264. Giloloa sofifi sp. n., male from near Sofifi. 265–266. Aetana ternate sp. n., male and female from Ternate. 267–269. Aetana mokwam sp. n., male and female from Mokwam. 270–271. Aetana ondawamei sp. n., male and female with egg sac from Gunung Meja.

FIGURES 281–282. Aetana mokwam sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20653), left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. em, embolus; gb, genital bulb; pr, procursus; tr, trochanter. Scale line: 1.0.

FIGURES 283–287. Aetana mokwam sp. n. (283–285, ZFMK, Ar 20653–54) and Aetana ondawamei sp. n. (286–287, ZFMK, Ar 20658–59). 283. Male prosoma and chelicerae, oblique frontal view. 284, 286. Left procursi, prolateral views (at same scale). 285, 287. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views; arrows point at possible membranous pockets. Scale lines: 0.5.

FIGURES 288–293. Aetana spp., female abdomens in ventral views, epigynum in ventral view, and cleared female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views. 288, 291–293. A. ternate sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20651). 289. A. mokwam sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20654). 290. A. ondawamei sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20659). Scale lines: 0.5.

FIGURES 294–299. Aetana spp., epigyna in ventral views, and cleared female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views. 294–296. A. mokwam sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20654). 297–299. A. ondawamei sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20659); arrows point at possible membranous pockets. Scale lines: 0.5.

FIGURES 336–341. Selection of collecting sites and habitats. 336. Forest above Mokwam (West Papua), type locality of Arnapa arfak sp. n. and Aetana mokwam sp. n. 337. Tinoor Fall near Tomohon (North Sulawesi), type locality of Arnapa tinoor sp. n. 338. Entrance to Caverna Porco do Mato II (Rio Grande do Norte), type locality of Pinocchio barauna sp. n. 339. Desert between Sur and Kamil (Oman), type locality of Magana velox sp. n. 340. Bromeliad at Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Nacional Serra Bonita (Bahia), type locality of Psilochorus bromelicolus sp. n. (note pair of spiders among leaves). 341. Disturbed forest near Sofifi (Halmahera), type locality of Giloloa sofifi sp. n. and Panjange togutil sp. n.