Stemmops lini Lin & S. Li, 2023

Li, Fengyuan, Lin, Yejie, Gao, Fan, Yao, Yanbin & Li, Shuqiang, 2023, Taxonomic notes on Stemmops O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894 (Araneae, Theridiidae) of China, Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 106208-106208 : 106208

Stemmops lini Lin & S. Li sp. nov.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IZCAS-Ar44591 ; recordedBy: Yanbin Yao ; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 3D1902B0-5C90-5DB5-863B-8906B2D76E05; Taxon : scientificName: Stemmops lini; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Fujian; locality: Quanzhou City , Anxi County, Senshan Village , in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , near Gulujiao ; verbatimElevation: 99 m; decimalLatitude: 25.0828; decimalLongitude: 118.2347; Identification: identifiedBy: Yejie Lin; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: year: 2023; month: 2; day: 26 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IZCAS-Ar44592 ; recordedBy: Yanbin Yao ; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 411DF86F-3D59-5715-AB93-BA80039FA2CD; Taxon : scientificName: Stemmops lini; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Fujian; locality: Quanzhou City , Anxi County, Senshan Village , in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , near Gulujiao ; verbatimElevation: 99 m; decimalLatitude: 25.0828; decimalLongitude: 118.2347; Identification: identifiedBy: Yejie Lin; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: year: 2023; month: 2; day: 26 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IZCAS-Ar44593 ; recordedBy: Yanbin Yao ; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 411DF86F-3D59-5715-AB93-BA80039FA2CD; Taxon : scientificName: Stemmops lini; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Fujian; locality: Quanzhou City , Anxi County, Senshan Village , in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , near Gulujiao ; verbatimElevation: 99 m; decimalLatitude: 25.0828; decimalLongitude: 118.2347; Identification: identifiedBy: Yejie Lin; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: year: 2023; month: 2; day: 26 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IZCAS-Ar44594 ; recordedBy: Yanbin Yao ; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 411DF86F-3D59-5715-AB93-BA80039FA2CD; Taxon : scientificName: Stemmops lini; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Fujian; locality: Quanzhou City , Anxi County, Senshan Village , in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , near Gulujiao ; verbatimElevation: 99 m; decimalLatitude: 25.0828; decimalLongitude: 118.2347; Identification: identifiedBy: Yejie Lin; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: year: 2023; month: 2; day: 26

Description

Male (holotype). Total length 1.71; carapace 0.78 long, 0.68 wide, opisthosoma 1.04 long, 0.57 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.04, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, AME-AME 0.02, AME-ALE 0.01, PME-PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.01, AME-PME 0.03, ALE-PLE 0. Endites almost as long as wide. Leg measurements: I 3.01 (0.82, 1.10, 0.63, 0.46), II 2.30 (0.61, 0.78, 0.44, 0.47), III 2.11 (0.53, 0.66, 0.43, 0.49), IV 3.33 (0.93, 1.13, 0.66, 0.61).

Colouration (Fig. 1 b, Fig. 10 b Left). Carapace yellow, edge black, eyes with black rings. Chelicerae yellow. Endites and labium yellow. Sternum paler yellow. Legs paler yellow, covered with sparse setae, more distinct on metatarsi and tarsi. Opisthosoma with two pale yellow spots anteriorly and posteriorly, two mountain-shaped pale-yellow spots in the middle, larger than the anterior and posterior yellow spots, pale yellow laterally. Spinnerets yellow.

Palp (Fig. 3 A, B, Fig. 4 A-E). Patella almost as long as tibia. Cymbium almost as long as wide. Cymbium covered with sparse setae. Subtegulum on the lateral posterior side of the bulb, half encasing tegulum. Sperm duct S-shaped, the first bend obscured by embolus, not obvious, the second bend three times as wide as the diameter of the sperm duct. Median apophysis (Fig. 4 D) hidden behind the conductor and tip with a hood. Theridiid tegular apophysis (Fig. 4 B) divided into two parts by a translucent membrane: anterior part slightly curved, sickle-shaped, posterior almost quadrilateral. Conductor (Fig. 4 C) tip pincer-shaped, located posterior to embolic basal apophysis. Embolic basal process (Fig. 4 C) with two parts: embolic basal apophysis black with sharp end and folds, embolic basal flat extension semi-circular, flaky and transparent. Embolus (Fig. 4 E) falciform, with spoon-shaped embolic terminal apophysis, connected by a membrane.

Female (IZCAS-Ar44593). Total length 2.14; carapace 0.85 long, 0.69 wide, opisthosoma 1.29 long, 0.75 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, AME-AME 0.02, AME-ALE 0, PME-PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.01, AME-PME 0.04, ALE-PLE 0.01. Endites almost as long as wide. Leg measurements: I 3.26 (0.93, 1.14, 0.65, 0.54), II 2.51 (0.72, 0.83, 0.45, 0.51), III 2.19 (0.58, 0.67, 0.42, 0.52), IV 3.18 (0.85, 1.05, 0.63, 0.65).

Colouration (Fig. 10 b Right). Similar to that of male, except darker.

Epigyne (Fig. 5 A, B). Epigynal plate almost as long as wide, with a weakly-developed hood anteriorly. Copulatory openings situated on posterior portion of epigyne. Copulatory ducts directly connected to spermathecae. Spermathecae kidney-shaped. Fertilisation ducts kidney-shaped.

Diagnosis

The male of this new species is similar to those of S. forcipus Zhu, 1998 and S. nipponicus by the median apophysis with depression (Fig. 4 D), curved theridiid tegular apophysis (Fig. 3 B, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 6 a, c), embolic basal apophysis strongly sclerotised and folded (Fig. 3 B, Fig. 4 C, Fig. 6 a, c) and the presence of an embolic terminal apophysis (Fig. 4 E, Fig. 7 b, d, Fig. 8 a, b, c). However, the new species can be distinguished from S. forcipus and S. nipponicus by the width of the sperm duct bend almost three times the diameter of the sperm duct (Fig. 3 B) [vs. five times in S. forcipus and S. nipponicus (Fig. 6 a, c)], presence of embolic basal apophysis and embolic basal flat extension (Fig. 3 A, B, Fig. 4 A, C) [vs. absent from embolic basal flat extension in S. forcipus and S. nipponicus (Fig. 6 a, c)] and by the embolic terminal apophysis expanded and spoon-shaped (Fig. 4 E) [vs. embolic terminal apophysis flat in S. forcipus and S. nipponicus (Fig. 7 a, d)]. The female is similar to S. nipponicus by the split atrium (Fig. 5 A). However, it can be distinguished from S. nipponicus by the length/width ratio of the atrium being almost 1:3 (Fig. 5 A) (vs. 1:4 in S. nipponicus ), the diameter of the spermathecae to the length of the copulatory ducts being almost 1:4 (vs. 1:2 in S. nipponicus ) and by habitus, with S. lini sp. n. lacking white spots [vs. present in S. nipponicus , Yaginuma (1969) (Fig. 1 d)], rather with round and mountain-shaped yellow spots (Fig. 1 b).

Etymology

The species is named after Lin Zexu (1785-1850), a famous historical person born in Fujian who fought against imperialist aggression.

Distribution

China (Fujian, Zhejiang) (Fig. 11 ).

Biology

All specimens were collected under stones.

Notes

The presence of embolic basal apophysis and embolic basal flat extension and the spoon-shaped embolic terminal apophysis show the male of S. nipponicus in Jin (2018) is misidentified. Herein, we treat the male as S. lini sp. n.

Compared species and material examined.

Stemmops forcipus Zhu, 1998, 5♂5♀, CHINA: Yunnan: Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Lvshilin, 21.9033°N, 101.2820°E, elevation 608 m, 1-15.IV.2007, Guo Zheng leg.

Figures

Figure 3. Left palp of Stemmops lini sp. n., holotype male. A Prolateral; B Ventral. Abbreviations: C conductor; E embolus; EBA embolic basal apophysis; EBF embolic basal flat extension; EBP embolic basal process; ETA embolic terminal apophysis; MA median apophysis; SD sperm duct; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TTA theridiid tegular apophysis.

Figure 4. Stemmops lini sp. n., paratype male (A) and holotype male (B - E). A Bulb; B theridiid tegular apophysis; C Terminal apophysis, D Median apophysis; E Embolic tip. Abbreviations: C conductor; E embolus; EBA embolic basal apophysis; EBF embolic basal flat extension; EBP embolic basal process; ETA embolic terminal apophysis; H, hood; MA median apophysis; SD sperm duct; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TTA theridiid tegular apophysis.

Figure 5. Stemmops lini sp. n., paratype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilisation duct; H hood; S spermatheca.

Figure 11. Distribution records of Stemmops species in China: 1 S. atratus sp. n.; 2 S. lini sp. n.; 3 S. nigrabdomenus. The green circles indicate type localities.