Ruidocollaris Liu, 1993

Liu, Chun-Xiang & Kang, Le, 2010, A review of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), with description of six new species from China, Zootaxa 2664, pp. 36-60 : 37-41

Ruidocollaris Liu, 1993

Type species: Sympaestria truncatolobata Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878. Ruidocollaris Liu, 1993 , in Huang, Animals of Longqi Mountain.: 54.

Diagnosis. Each femoral genicular lobe round, without any spines; tegmen without distinct Costa vein; male tympanal area with two very much swollen diagonal veins, the posterior one about one-half as long as the anterior one; male stridulatory vein cambered, simple, with dense fine teeth ( Figs. 21–30 ); male tenth abdominal tergum not produced ( Figs. 31–47 ); male subgenital plate with short styli ( Figs. 58–66 ); female ovipositor with an abrupt sharp tip, rugose on the sides and both apical margins ( Figs. 67–74 ).

Ruidocollaris distinctly differs from Tapiena Bolívar, 1906 by absence of the punctures in the head, pronotum and wings, although it most closely resembles Tapiena in the hind genicular lobes without spine and the shape of male stridulatory area ( Liu & Kang 2010). The genus also distinctly differs from Holochlora Stȁl ( Liu et al. 2008) and Sinochlora Tinkham ( Liu & Kang 2007b) by the absence of spines at each genicular lobe, structure of male tenth abdominal tergum and female apex, although it resembles them in the male subgenital plate possessing the short styli. Ruidocollaris is distinctly dissimilar to the genus Sympaestria in absence of the feebly convex pronotal disk, perpendicularly inserted paranota, the stiff, shell-like tegmen, the proximal fork of tegminal Rs running directly into the M vein, and the special middle sharp spine on genicular lobe of femur. It distinctly differs from Liotrachela by the unarmed geniculations of each femur.

Description. Head ovoid, occiput convex and smooth. Fastigium verticis well-produced, dorsally sulcate, distinctly narrower than first segment of antenna, with apex approximately rounded. Fastigium frontis inversely ovoid; dorsal apex slightly narrower than fastigium verticis, separated by a distinct gap. Compound eyes semi-spherical, ventral margin extending over ventral margin of antennal scrobe. Antenna thread-like, long and breakable. Pronotal disc smooth, with distinct longitudinal median line; median groove distinct, “U”- shaped, lying before middle; anterior margin approximately straight, posterior margin rounded and various, lateral margin outspreading backwards; paranota generally deeper than long, rarely as high as long; humeral sinus distinct. Anterior coxae armed. Each femur with distinct ventro-anterior spinules. Anterior tibiae dorsally sulcate, widened at and abruptly constricted below tympana. Outer tympanum open, oval, membranous; inner tympanum conchate. Each tibia usually with dorsal spinules on both margins. Tegmen well developed, stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen not elevated above wing plane ( Figs. 1–9 ); mirror of right tegmen irregular quadrangular ( Figs. 10–18 , 20).

Male terminalia ( Figs. 31–47 ). Tenth abdominal tergum normal, slightly concave in middle. Epiproct triangular, with apex obtuse. Cerci simple, apex pointed or not ( Figs. 49–57 ). Subgenital plate robust, with emargination at the apex; with styli ( Figs. 58–66 ). Male phallic organ membranous.

Female terminalia ( Figs. 67–74 ). Tenth abdominal tergum not produced, with dorso-medial groove; posterior margin obtusely emarginated. Epiproct usually wider than long, about semicircular. Cerci short, slightly curved, uneven; gradually tapering into pointed apex. Subgenital plate generally triangular (Figs. 75– 82). Ovipositor robust, wide; lateral surface with very conspicuous transverse convex fold at base; with some sharp dark serrate lines in distal region; both margins serrate ( Figs. 67–74 ).

Distribution ( Figs. 96–99 ). Type species R. truncatolobata is widespread in southeastern Asia, southern China, and Japan ( Fig. 96 ). Most species of Ruidocollaris are distributed in Oriental region, and eight species are endemic in the south of China. R. convexipennis (Caudell) widely spread in the south of China except Tibet and Hainan Island ( Fig. 97 ). R. rubescens sp. nov. is widespread in the south of China including the low altitude of Tibet ( Fig. 98 ). R. obscura Liu is distributed in the south of China except Tibet, Hainan and Taiwan Island ( Fig. 98 ). Three species, R. longicaudalis sp. nov., R. apennis sp. nov., R. parapennis sp. nov., are endemic to low altitude of Tibet ( Fig. 99 ). R. latilobalis sp. nov. is endemic to Guangdong Province. R. ferruginescens sp. nov. is endemic to Guangxi Province ( Fig. 99 ).

Figures

FIGURE 96. Distribution map of Ruidocollaris truncatolobata mainly from China.

FIGURE 97. Distribution map of Ruidocollaris convexipennis from China.

FIGURE 98. Distribution map of Ruidocollaris species from China.

FIGURE 99. Distribution map of Ruidocollaris species from China.

FIGURES 21 – 24. male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen in ventral view of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu. Figs. 21, 22, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Fig. 21 from Sichuan Prov., Fig. 22 from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 23, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 24, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 25 – 28. male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen in ventral view of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu. Fig. 25, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 26, R. parapennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 27, R. obscura (Liu) (from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Fig. 28, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 29 – 30. male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen in ventral view of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu. Fig. 29, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 30, R. ferruginescens sp. nov. (holotype).

FIGURES 31 – 39. male abdominal apex of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in lateral view. Figs. 31, 32, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Fig. 31 from Sichuan Prov., Fig. 32, from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 33, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 34, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 35, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 36, R. parapennis spp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 37, R. obscura (Liu) (from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Fig. 38, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 39, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 40 – 47. male abdominal apex of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in dorsal view; Fig. 48, male abdominal apex of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in lateral view. Fig. 40, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 41, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 42, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 43, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 44, R. parapennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 45, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 46, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs. 47 – 48, R. ferruginescens sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 58 – 66. male subgenital plate of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in ventral view. Fig. 58, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 59, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 60, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 61, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 62, R. parapennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 63, R. obscura (Liu) (from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Fig. 64, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 65, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 66, R. ferruginescens sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 67 – 72. female abdominal apex of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in lateral view. Figs. 67, 68, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Fig. 67 from Sichuan Prov., Fig. 68 from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 69, R. rubescens sp. nov. (paratype from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 70, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 71, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 72, R. parapennis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 73 – 74. female abdominal apex of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in lateral view; Figs. 75 – 82, female subgenital plate of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in ventral view. Fig. 73, Ruidocollaris obscura (Liu); Fig. 74, Ruidocollaris latilobalis sp. nov.; Figs. 75, 76, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Fig. 75 from Sichuan Prov., Fig. 76 from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 77, R. rubescens sp. nov. (paratype from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 78, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 79, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 80, R. parapennis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Figs. 73, 81, R. obscura (Liu) (paratype from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Figs. 74, 82, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURES 1 – 9. photograph of male left stridulatory area in dorsal view of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu. Figs. 1, 2, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Fig. 1 from Sichuan Prov., Fig. 2 from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 3, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 4, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 5, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 6, R. parapennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 7, R. obscura (Liu) (from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Fig. 8, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 9, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype).

FIGURES 10 – 18, 20, photograph of male right stridulatory area in dorsal view of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu; Fig. 19, photograph of male left stridulatory area in dorsal view. Figs. 10, 11, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Fig. 10 from Sichuan Prov., Fig. 11 from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 12, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 13, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 14, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 15, R. parapennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 16, R. obscura (Liu) (from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Fig. 17, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 18, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype); Figs 19 – 20, R. ferruginescens sp. nov. (holotype).

FIGURES 49 – 57. male left cerci of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu in dorsal view. Fig. 49, R. truncatolobata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (from Libo in Guizhou Prov.); Fig. 50, R. rubescens sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 51, R. longicaudalis sp. nov. (paratype from Tibet); Fig. 52, R. convexipennis (Caudell) (from Emeishan, Sichuan Prov.); Fig. 53, R. parapennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 54, R. obscura (Liu) (from Maoershan, Guangxi Prov.); Fig. 55, R. apennis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 56, R. latilobalis sp. nov. (holotype); Fig. 57, R. ferruginescens sp. nov. (holotype). (scale bar = 1 mm).