Carpinus tschonoskii Maxim

Holstein, Norbert & Weigend, Maximilian, 2017, No taxon left behind? - a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae), European Journal of Taxonomy 375, pp. 1-52 : 28-29

41. Carpinus tschonoskii Maxim .

Bulletin de l’Academie imperiale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg 27: 534 ( Maximowicz 1881b). – Type: Japan, [Kanagawa], Hakone, 1864, S. Tschonoski s.n. (syn-: LE; isosyn-: BM!, BR!, GH00033769 p.p.!, K000859942!, L! M-0265492!, P06809892!, P06811215!, P06809882!?, P06811396!?, P06809866!?, PE00021963 p.p.!, WU!); ibid., Fudzi-yama [Fuji yama], 1864, S. Tschonoski s.n. (syn-: LE; isosyn-: BM000580518!, GH00033769 p.p.!, K000859941!, P06811217!, PE00021963 p.p.!).

C. yedoensis Maxim. , Bulletin de l’Academie imperiale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg 27: 535 ( Maximowicz 1881b). – Type: Japan, [Tokio,] cult. in Yedo [Edo, Tokio] Garden, Nov. 1862, C.J. Maximowicz s.n. (syn-: not localized); ibid., L. Savatier 1172 (syn-: not localized).

C. fauriei Nakai, The Botanical Magazine [Tokyo] 26: 325 ( Nakai 1912). – Type: South Korea, [Jeju], Quelpaert, in silvis, Oct. 1907, E.-J. Taquet 587 (syn-: TI, KYO); ibid., Aug. 1911, T. Mori 32 (syn-: TI); ibid., Aug. 1911, T. Mori 33 (syn-: TI).

C. eximia Nakai, Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 13: 249 ( Nakai 1914). – C. tschonoskii var. eximia (Nakai) Hatus. , Bulletin of the Kyushu Imperial University Forests 5: 48 ( Hatushima 1934). – Type: South Korea, [Jeollanam-do], secus vias et in silvis circa templum Senonji pede montem Chirisan, 280 m a.s.l., 15 Jul. 1913, T. Nakai 11 (holo-: TI). – Note: this name is accepted as a distinct species in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998), but listed as a synonym of C. tschonoskii in Chang et al. (2014a) and the WCSP (2016).

C. tschonoskii var. jablonskyi H.J.P.Winkl., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (Suppl.): 500 ( Winkler 1914). – Type: Japan, prov. Kotzuke, Bamba und Nogurizawa, 29 Jul. 1894, M. Shirai s.n. (syn-: not localized); ibid., 1 Aug. 1894, M. Shirai s.n. (syn-: not localized). – Note: this name is mentioned neither in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998) nor in the WCSP (2016) nor in the Flora of Japan ( Ohwi 1965). Chang et al. (2014a) list it as synonymous with C. tschonoskii .

C. tschonoskii var. serratiauriculata H.J.P.Winkl., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (Suppl.): 500 ( Winkler 1914). – Type: Japan, [Tokyo,] Jedo, L. Savatier 1172 (syn-: not localized); ibid., L. Savatier s.n. (syn-: not localized). Ibid., 1874, L. Savatier s.n. (syn-: P06811219!, P06810761!). – Note: this name is mentioned neither in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998) nor in the WCSP (2016) nor in the Flora of Japan ( Ohwi 1965). Chang et al. (2014a) list it as synonymous with C. tschonoskii .

C. tschonoskii var. subintegra H.J.P.Winkl., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (Suppl.): 501 ( Winkler 1914). – Type: South Korea, [Jeju], Insel Quelpart, Hallaisan [Hallasan mt.], Jul. 1907, U.J. Faurie 1535 (holo-: not localized; iso-: A00033735!, BM!, E00388827!, P06809858!). – Note: this name is not mentioned in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998), while Chang et al. (2014a) list it as synonymous with C. tschonoskii .

C. tschonoskii var. brevicalycina Nakai ex Kawamoto, Handbook of Korea-Manchurian Forestry: 92 ( Kawamoto 1939). – Type: not localized. – Note: this name is not mentioned in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998) nor in the WCSP (2016). Jeon & Chang (1997) consider it as a synonymous with C. tschonoskii, Chang et al. (2014a) list it as a invalid name. The present authors did not see the protologue, so validity of the name is unclear.

C. coreensis Koidz., Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 9 (2): 73 ( Koidzumi 1940). – Original citation: “ Carpinus fargesiana (non Winkl.) Nakai Fl. Sylv. Korea. II (1915). […] Korea: mt. Chiisan, Hannyaho, Kokiri”. – Type: not localized. – Note: Jeon & Chang (1997) and Chang et al. (2014a) consider this name to be synonymous with C. tschonoskii , as it is listed in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998).

C. tschonoskii f. pendula Hayashi , 林業試験場研̍報告 [Research Report of the Forestry Experiment Station] 125: 72 ( Hayashi 1960). – Type: Japan, Hondo, prov. Mushi, Kokubunji, 10 May 1958, Y. Hayashi s.n. (holo-: TFM). – Note: this name is not mentioned in the World Checklist ( Govaerts & Frodin 1998) or in the Flora of Japan ( Ohwi 1965). Most likely, this is to be regarded as a cultivar with hanging branches rather than as a botanical taxon.

C. mianningensis T.P.Yi , Bulletin of Botanical Research, Harbin 12 (4): 335 ( Yi 1992). – Type: China, Sichuan, Mianning County, Lingshan, 18 Jul. 1991, T.P. Yi [易同培] 91170 (holo-: SIFS; iso-: PE00934231!). – Note: this name is accepted in the Flora Sichuanica (Editorial Board of the Flora Sichuanica 2012), but it is listed as synonymous with C. tschonoskii in the Flora of China ( Li & Skvortsov 1999).