Pomatostegus kroyeri Mörch, 1863

Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea & Carmona, Isabel, 2016, New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific, Zootaxa 4184 (3), pp. 401-457 : 428-429

Pomatostegus kroyeri Mörch, 1863

( Figures 7 , 12 H)

Pomatostegus krØyeri Mörch, 1863 : 399, pl. 11, Fig. 15. Type locality: Punta Arenas , Costa Rica.

Serpula stellata (not Abildgaard, 1789).— Grube 1859: 113 –114 (Puntarenas, Costa Rica); Salazar-Vallejo & Londoño-Mesa 2004: 55 (Tropical Eastern Pacific, checklist).

Cymospire kroyeri .— Quatrefages 1866: 547 (new combination, in disuse).

Pomatostegus stellatus (not Abildgaard, 1789).— Monro 1928: 100 (Taboga, Panamá, 7–9 m, sand and stones); Monro 1933b: 1081 ( Balboa , Taboga Island and Coiba Island, Panamá, intertidal to 18 m, on docks, pools at low tide and in sand); Treadwell 1937: 157 (Arena Bank, Gulf of California, 23°29’N, 109°23’30”W; 91 m) ; Fauvel 1943: 30 (Cabo Pulmo, Baja California Sur); Laverde-Castillo 1986: 128 (Málaga Bay, Colombian Pacific); Laverde-Castillo 1988: 91 (Curichichi Island, Málaga Bay, on dead coral and rocks); Salcedo-Martínez et al. 1988: 84 (Zihuatanejo, Guerrero); Salazar-Vallejo 1989b: 200 (Mexican coasts, checklist); Bastida-Zavala 1995: 25 (Cabo Pulmo Reef, Baja California Sur, on coral; 4–17 m) ; Gómez et al. 1997: 1071 (Tangolunda Beach and La Entrega Beach, Oaxaca, rocks and coral); López-García et al. 1997: 66 ( Coiba Island , Panamá, under rocks); Hernández-Alcántara et al. 2003: 9 (checklist; erroneously cited from Cedros Island, Baja California; they referred to Treadwell’s (1937) record); Salazar-Vallejo & Londoño-Mesa 2004: 55 (Tropical Eastern Pacific, checklist); Bastida-Zavala 2008: 34, fig. 7S (Cabo Pulmo Reef and Loreto Marina , Baja California Sur; 0–17 m) ; Bastida-Zavala 2009: 531 (identification key for Tropical America); Bastida-Zavala et al. 2013: 349 (Oaxaca, checklist).

Pomatostegus kroeyeri .— Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000a: 816 (auctore misspelling, see Remarks).

Pomatostegus kröyeri .— Dean 2004: 165 (list of polychaetes from Costa Rica).

Serpula stellatus (not Abildgaard, 1789).— Dean 2004: 165 (list of polychaetes from Costa Rica, referring to Grube 1859).

Pomatostegus krØyeri .—ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009: 78 (worldwide serpulid checklist).

Material examined. 14 specimens.

Sonora: UANL 7893, 3 spec. ( Marina San Carlos, 27°56’54.5”N, 111°03’17.3”W, July 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ALE).

Baja California Sur: UMAR-Poly 789, 2 spec. (Margarita Island, Magdalena Bay, February 23, 1989); UMAR- Poly 790-OH (Caleritas Beach, La Paz Bay, March 1, 2006, coll. DHP et al.).

Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 791, 2 spec. (Caleta de Chón, 6 m, on Pocillopora damicornis , December 2, 2010, coll. SGG).

Oaxaca : UMAR-Poly 792 (off Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga Aquarium, Mazunte , 2 m, on rock, June 11, 2013, coll. TPP & CVO); UMAR-Poly 793 ( San Agustinillo , on mollusk shell, May 11, 2013, coll. AGM et al.); UMAR- Poly 794 (Camarón Beach, on coral, April 27, 2013, coll. RXP & VHAR); UMAR-Poly 795 (Puerto Ángel, on rocks, May 3, 2010, coll. HSB & APO); UMAR-Poly 796 (San Agustín Beach, 5.8 m, on Pocillopora damicornis , February 23, 2010, coll. RGF & SGG); UMAR-Poly 797 (Montosa Island, 6 m, on Pocillopora damicornis , February 22, 2010, coll. RGF & SGG).

Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (64 m, Treadwell 1937). Generally below rocks, on live and dead coral ( Pocillopora verrucosa [Ellis & Solander] and P. damicornis ), oysters and pier piles (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Occasionally part of fouling fauna.

Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific, from Gulf of California to Colombia (Bastida-Zavala 2008).

Remarks. Mörch (1863) named the species as Pomatostegus krØyeri ; however, Article 32.5.2.1 explicitly states that a diacritic letter (as “ø”) should be corrected to an “ o ” without slash (ICZN 1999).

Most records of Pomatostegus from the Tropical Eastern Pacific were as P. stellatus , a species described from the Caribbean and generally considered to be a circumtropical species; however, ten Hove & Kupriyanova (2009: 78) suggest on the basis of unpublished data that the Tropical Eastern Pacific P. kroyeri is different from P. stellatus , the latter limited to the American Atlantic (e.g., Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000a; a third species, Pomatostegus actinoceras Mörch, 1863 , is distributed in the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific (e.g., Kupriyanova et al. 2015).

Mörch (1863: 399) erected Pomatostegus kroyeri for Serpula stellata (not Abildgaard) — Grube, 1859 (p. 113- 114), from Puntarenas (Pacific of Costa Rica). Only since the third decade of the last century was the taxon regularly reported (as P. stellatus ) from several localities from Panamá, including the Canal Zone ( Monro 1928; 1933b), and from the Mexican Pacific. Except for Panamá ( Monro 1933b) and Colombia ( Laverde-Castillo 1988) it is not very common. Records from ship hulls or other artificial structures are rare, the Panamá docks ( Monro 1933b), two marina piers from Loreto, Baja California Sur (Bastida-Zavala 2008) and San Carlos, Sonora (this work). This might support the hypothesis that the Pacific population is different from that in the Caribbean (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009); however a morphological (and DNA) comparison of specimens from both sides of the isthmus is needed to clarify the status of P. kroyeri .

Figures

FIGURE 7. Distribution of and Pomatostegus kroyeri, Protula balboensis, Pseudovermilia occidentalis and Pyrgopolon ctenactis.

FIGURE 12. Serpulids in the Mexican Pacific. A. Hydroides inermis, operculum; B – C. H. ochotereana, operculum and spine; D. H. panamensis, operculum; E. H. sanctaecrucis, operculum; F. H. similis, operculum; G. H. trompi, operculum; H. Pomatostegus kroyeri, operculum.