Pleopeltis hirsutissima (Raddi) de la Sota in de la Sota

Souza, Filipe Soares De & Salino, Alexandre, 2021, Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 512 (4), pp. 213-256 : 228-232

9. Pleopeltis hirsutissima (Raddi) de la Sota in de la Sota et al (2007: 239). Figs. 5F–O , 7I , 18C, G, H , 20G . Polypodium hirsutissimum Raddi (1819: 286) . Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, G. Raddi s.n. (syntypes PI!, P)

Plants epiphytic, epipetric or terrestrial. Rhizomes short-creeping, with scales lanceolate, brown, base rounded with dark brown point of attachment, apex acuminate and margin stramineous to brown and laciniate, with projections simple to bifid; fronds monomorphic, 10–65 × 1.2–8.2 cm, petiolate, petioles 0.5–12 cm long, terete, scaly; laminae 9–53 cm long, pinnatisect, linear to lanceolate, base gradually reduced, apex acuminate to acute; rachises terete, densely scaly; pinnae 14–60 pairs, proximal 2–15 pairs reduced, linear, medial pinnae 0.5–5 × 0.2–0.6 cm, linear, bases adnate to the rachises, auricle present, hydathodes present, apex rounded to acuminate, margin entire, flat, on the adaxial surface scaly; venation anastomosing; frond scales lanceolate and brown to dark brown (those of petioles and rachises and sori) or scales with base rounded and long-acuminate to the filiform or aristate apex and hyaline (those of both surfaces of pinnae), base with a dark brown to blackish point of attachment, margin stramineous and dentate (those of petioles and rachises and sori) or margin hyaline and erose to laciniate (those of both surfaces of pinnae and sori); sori rounded, medial, covered by scales; spores papillate with dense globules.

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Alagoas: Quebrangulo, Reserva Biológica da Pedra Talhada , 23 October 2014, L. Nusbauermer 4208 ( JPB, MAC) . Amazonas: Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke , 9 January 1998, A.A. Costa 670 ( SP) ; São Paulo de Olivença, Comunidade Aracu , 17 March 2011, C.N. Fraga 3155 ( RB) . Bahia: Abaíra, Catolés, 14 May 1992, W. Ganev 262 ( HUEFS, K, SPF, SP); Camacan , RPPN Serra Bonita , 17 July 2009, A. Amorim 7872 ( CEPEC) ; Caetité , Brejinho das Ametistas, 19 December 2007, M.L. Guedes 14339 ( ALCB) ; Itajuípe, Distrito União Queimada , 9 February 1994, A.M. Carvalho 4353 ( CEPEC) ; Jacobina, Piemonte da Diamantina , 4 June 2011, A.C.V. Crestani 181 ( ALCB) ; Monte Tabor , 14 October 2007, J.L. Ferreira 173 ( HUEFS) ; Jussari , 13 August 1998, A.M. Amorim 2471 ( SP) ; Miguel Calmon , 8 May 2005, J.G. Freitas 37 ( HUEFS) ; Morro do Chapéu, Estrada para Morrão , 5 May 2007, J.L. Ferreira 76 ( HUEFS) ; Palmeiras, Morro do Pai Inácio , 28 March 1997, A.A. Conceição 563 ( SPF) ; Rio de Contas, Pico das Almas, 23 November 1988, R.M. Harley 26253 ( CEPEC, K, SPF); Una, estrada São Joas / Una , 7 April 1995, A. Amorim 1673 ( CEPEC) . Distrito Federal: Morro do Archer , 15 August 1958, E. Pereira 4002 ( RB) ; Brasília, Fazenda Água Limpa , 4 May 2011, R.P. Oliveira 42 ( CEN) . Espírito Santo: Cariacica, Reserva Biológica Duas Bocas , 6 May 2008, C.N. Fraga 2059 ( RB) ; Castelo, Forno Grande , 13 October 2000, L. Kollmann 3263 ( MBML, BHCB) ; Domingos Martins, Parque Estadual da Pedra Azul , 5 December 2008, A. Salino 14102 ( BHCB) ; Mimoso do Sul, Pedra dos Pontões, 28 November 2004, D.R. Couto 212 ( BHCB) ; Conceição de Muqui , 9 July 2011, D.R. Couto 1996 ( VIES) . Goiás: Luziania, Fazenda Corumbá , 9 April 2003, G. Pereira-Silva 7478 ( CEN) . Mato Grosso: Alto Taquari, Fazenda Bambuzal , 21 February 1994, M.R. Silva 1230 ( SPF) ; Chapada dos Guimarães, Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães , 2 March 2011, T.E. Almeida 2685 ( BHCB) . Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá , Mineração Corumbaense Reunida SA, 16 February 2005, V.J. Pott. 12546 ( BHCB, CGMS) ; Mundo Novo , RPPN Lote Cristalino I, 05 June 2007 ( INPA) . Minas Gerais: Aiuruoca, Vale do Matutu , 11 October 2004, A. Salino 9778 ( BHCB) ; Alto Caparaó, Parque Nacional do Caparaó , 29 November 2010, F.S. Souza 1178 ( BHCB) ; Baependi, Parque Estadual Serra do Papagaio , 23 July 2010, F.S. Souza 950 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Barbacena, Beira de estrada, 27 April 2013, D.R. Gonzaga 238 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Boa Esperança, Serra da Boa Esperança , 14 December 2007, A. Salino 13070 ( BHCB) ; Brazópolis , 30 October 2008, T.E. Almeida 1551 ( BHCB) ; Bueno Brandão , 18 July 2007, A. Salino 12756 ( BHCB) ; Caeté, Serra da Piedade , 4 March 1976, M. Brandão 5524 ( PAMG) ; Caldas, Distrito de Pocinhos do Rio Verde. , 15 July 2007, A. Salino 12611 ( BHCB) ; Camanducaia, Matão , 8 December 2000, L.C.N. Melo 21 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Monte Verde , 18 August 2001, L.C.N. Melo 64 ( BHCB) ; Carandaí, Santa Cecília, 28 October 1952, Duarte 5543 (LP, RB); Carangola, Serra do Brigadeiro , 25 February 1989, B. Cosenza s.n. ( CESJ 23466 ) ; Descoberto, Serra do Grama , 18 April 1925, J.G. Kuhlmann 24 ( VIC) ; Carrancas, Serra de Carrancas , 19 June 2007, A. Salino 12349 ( BHCB) ; Congonhas , 23 August 2005, M.S. Mendes 836 ( BHCB) ; Coronel Pacheco, Fazenda da Companhia , 16 May 1944, E.P. Heringer 1250 ( RB) ; Delfim Moreira , 15 March 2011, L.L. Giacomim 1349 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Gonçalves, Mata do Edi , 31 October 2015, L.C. Moura 13 ( BHCB) ; Itabirito, Mina do Pico , 22 January 2008, L.J. Arruda 333 ( BHCB) ; Itambé do Mato Dentro, Distrito de Santana do Rio Preto , 6 August 2006, T.E. Almeida 345 ( BHCB) ; Itamonte, Hotel Casa Alpina , 20 January 2011, T.A. Batista 186 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Itumirim , 20 May 1994, M. Brandão 24108 ( PAMG) ; Juiz de Fora, Área de Preservação Ambiental Mata do Krambeck , 18 October 2008, F.S. Souza 586 ( CESJ) ; Lambari, Parque Estadual Nova Baden , 27 February 2008, G.E. Valente 2025 (SP, VIC) ; Lima Duarte, Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, São Francisco do Prata , 9 May 1989, L. Krieger 24785 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Moeda, Serra da Moeda , 23 January 2006, G. Heringer 13 ( BHCB) ; Nova Lima, RPPN Capitão do Mato , 19 September 2003, J.B. Figueiredo 78 ( BHCB) ; Olaria, Serra do Cruz , 11 September 2010, F.E Alves 3 ( CESJ) ; Ouro Preto, Parque Estadual do Itacolomi , 2 April 2006, L.B. Rolim 319 ( BHCB) ; Paraisópolis, Parque Ecológico do Brejo Grande , 31 October 2008, T.E. Almeida 1602 ( BHCB) ; Passa Quatro, Serra da Mantiqueira , 4 September 2013, L.N. Gonçalves 180 ( RB) ; Passa-Vinte , 14 February 2009, T.E. Almeida 1784 ( BHCB) ; Poços de Caldas , 1 December 1981, F. Barros 663 ( SP) ; Rio Acima, Serra do Gandarela /C1, 11 October 2007, F.F. Carmo 1334 ( BHCB) ; Rio Preto, Serra Negra, Serra do Funil , 14 November 2004, F.S. Souza 8 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Sabará , Mina de Cuiabá da Anglo Gold Ashanti , 30 May 2006, D.T. Souza 60 ( BHCB) ; Santa Bárbara do Monte Verde, Serra Negra-Fazenda Três Cruzes , 22 April 2004, J.P. Condack 114 ( RB) ; Santa Rita do Sapucai, Reserva da Serra de Santa Rita , 29 May 1994, M. Brandão 23981 ( PAMG) ; Santana do Riacho, Distrito de Cardeal Mota, 15 December 1997, F.P.F. Athayde 286 (RB, SP); Sapucaí- Mirim , 24 August 1978, A.T. Silva 107 ( SP) ; São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra. , 15 July 1997, A. Salino 3232 ( BHCB) . Paraná: 40 Km de Horizonte , 28January 1985, A. Krapovickas 39707 ( LP) ; Adrianópolis, Parque Estadual das Lauráceas , 12 December 2006, F.B. Matos 1309 ( CEPEC, SP); Agudos do Sul, 11 April 2010, T.E. Almeida 2309 ( BHCB) ; Antonina, Reserva Natural Rio Cachoeira , 2 March 2005, F.B. Matos 480 ( SP) ; Califórnia , 25 September 1996, F.G. Silva 1995 ( BHCB) ; Campina Grande do Sul, Parque Estadual Pico Paraná , 29 September 2007, J.B.S. Pereira 81 ( VIC) ; Contenda, Sítio Hamich , 2 June 1983, S.M. Langer 2 ( SPF) ; Corvo, Alto da Serra do Mar , 13 April 1948, G. Tessmann 236 ( UFP) ; Curitiba, Santa Felicidade, 23 September 1972, G. Hatschbach 30356 (LP, SI); Céu Azul, Parque Nacional do Iguaçu , 31 July 2012, M. Lautert 60 ( BHCB) ; Guarapuava, Serra da Esperança , 14 October 2011, J. Prado 2179 ( SP) ; Guaratuba, Alto da Serra , 25 July 1960, A.P. Duarte 5313 ( LP) ; Imbituva , 13 January 1983, J.R. Pirani 407 ( SPF) ; Matinhos, Parque Florestal do Rio da Onça , 8 December 2004, F.B. Matos 97 ( CEPEC) ; Palmas , 20 April 1983, J.R. Pirani 585 ( SPF) ; Paranaguá, Ilha do Mel , 17 October 1992, A. Salino 1541 ( BHCB) ; Paulo Freitas, BR-476, 20 April 1983, J.R. Pirani 584 ( SPF, SP); Piraquara, Recreio da Serra , 14 June 2014, M.L. Brotto 1696 ( RB) ; Ponta Grossa, Vila Velha , 31 May 1989, A.C. Cervi 2675 ( SJRP) ; Itaiacoca, 5 October 1995, J.M. Silva 1541 ( BHCB, CESJ, RB); Quatro Barras, Distrito Borda do Campo , 9 May 1996, F. França 2515 ( BHCB, CEPEC, HUEFS); Santa Tereza do Oeste , Parque Nacional do Iguaçu , 12 February 2011, R.S. Viveros 218 ( BHCB) ; Saponema , Salto das Orquídeas, 24 May 1997, V.F. Kinupp 568 ( BHCB) ; São Mateus do Sul, arredores da Usina, 26 January 2005, R. Wasum 2432 ( UFP) ; Três Barras do Paraná, Parque Estadual do Rio Guarani , 2 October 2012, M. Lautert 105 ( BHCB) ; Tunas do Paraná, Parque Estadual de Campinhos , 16 December 1998, J.M. Cruz 45 ( BHCB) ; Vila Velha, rio Quebra-Perna , 10 January 1987, A. Krapovickas 40734 ( LP) . Pernambuco: Bezerros, Serra Negra , 30 December 1998, S.R.S. Xavier 06 ( UFP) ; Jaqueira, Usina Colônia , 17 October 2001, M.S. Lopes 662 ( UFP) ; Maraial , Lagoa dos Gatos, 20 April 1994, A.M. Miranda 1606 ( UFP) ; Triunfo, Cachoeira do Pinga , 12 February 1969, G. Mariz 442 ( UFP) . Rio Grande do Sul: Antônio Prado, Fazenda Filipini , 27 May 2007, R. Wasum 4104 ( BHCB) ; Canoas , 10 August 1949, I.L. Afonso 14262 ( CESJ, SPF) ; Capão da Canoa, Fazenda Pontal , 28 February 2002, F.P.F. Athayde 1081 ( SJRP) ; Caxias do Sul, Vila Seca , 1 January 2010, R. Beltrão 51 ( CESJ) ; Cidreira, Lagoa da Tapera , 23 September 2012, F. Conzatti 586 ( VIC) ; Farroupilha , Parque dos Pinheiros, 7 September 2005, R. Menghel 51 ( BHCB) ; Gramado , 8 March 2010, J. Prado 2127 ( SP) ; Kappesberg, pr. Caxias , 11 September 1949, R. Rambo 43403 ( RB) ; Pelotas, Arroio do Padre , 10 June 1959, G.L. Brauner 121 ( RB) ; IPEAS, 22 January 1973, A. Krapovickas 22871 (BA, LP); Reutersberg, próximo a Dois Irmãos , 6 June 1949, R. Rambo 41890 ( LP) ; Sapucaia do Sul, Morro Sapucaia , 29 June 1986, I. Fernandes 149B ( SJRP) ; São Leopoldo , 1941, J. Eugenio 1456 ( RB) ; São Lourenço do Sul, Arroio Pinto , 3 June 2013, F. Gonzatti 696 ( VIC) ; Vacaria, Estrada entre a BR-116 e a Vila São Pedro , 16 September 2006, E.S.G. Guarino 1107 ( CEN) ; Vila Oliva , 12 July 1950, S. Rambo 47249 ( RB) . Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos Reis, Ilha Grande , 8 October 1993, R. Marquete 1214 ( RB) ; Araras , 5 February 1974, D. Sucre 10613 ( RB) ; Cachoeira de Macacu, Cachoeira do Tenebroso , 10 August 2004, S.L.S. Winter 252 ( RB) ; Duque de Caxias, Xerém , 17 October 1999, J.M.A. Braga 5474 ( RB) ; Guapimirim, Estação Ecológica do Paraíso , 28 September 2010, K. Baber KB565 ( RB) ; Itatiaia, Três Picos, 15 December 1927, Campos Porto 1612 ( RB) ; Macaé, Glicério , 7 July 2004, C. Mynssen 631 ( RB) ; Magé, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos , 23 March 2010, R.A. Engelmann RE0620 ( RB) ; Mangaratiba , Reserva Ecológica Rio das Pedras, 6 May 1997, C. Mynssen 109 ( RB) ; Maricá, Cachoeira do Espraiado , 10 June 2004, S.L.S. Winter 139 ( RB) ; Mendes , Fazenda São José das Paineiras, 1 May 1993, T. Konno 137 ( RB) ; Nova Friburgo, Teodoro de Oliveira , 8 August 1989, A. Amorim 144 ( RB) ; Macaé de Cima, Cônego, 16 June 2004, R.C. Forzza 3432 (RB, SPF, SP); Nova Iguaçu, Reserva Biológica do Tinguá , 22 August 2013, M.G. Bovini 3900 ( RB) ; Paraty, Morro do Carisquinha , 4 August 1994, S. Benarrosh 23 ( RB) ; Petrópolis, Carangola , 22 May 1945, O.C. Goes 1149 ( LP) ; Resende, Itatiaia National Park ,, 31 July 1966, G. Eiten 7733 (SP, TEPB) ; Rio das Ostras, Restinga de Balneário das Garças , 14 December 1999, H.N. Braga 700 ( RB) ; Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca , 21 September 1975, J.P.P. Carauta 1827 ( RB) ; Santa Maria Madalena, Morro da torre de TV, 28 March 2011, C. Mynssen 1211 ( RB) ; Teresopolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos , 1 November 2004, R. Engelmann RE016 ( RB) . Rondônia: Porto Velho, Rio Madeira , 2 December 2009, N.C. Bigio 86 ( RB) . Santa Catarina: Aguas Mornas , 4 February 1994, A. Krapovickas 44749 ( LP) ; Anita Garibaldi , 21 January 2009, M. Verdi 1343 ( BHCB) ; Biguassuí, Antônio Carlos , s.d. P.R. Reitz 295 ( RB) ; Blumenau , 23 November 2009, T.J. Cadorin 664 ( RB) ; Bom Retiro, Serra do Panelão , 2 May 2008, A.L. Gasper 1754 ( BHCB, FURB) ; Campo Belo do Sul, Fazenda Gateados , 3 May 2005, G. Pereira-Silva 9996 ( BHCB) ; Capão Alto , 18 March 2008, M. Verdi 477 ( BHCB) ; Caçador, Reserva Genética Florestal de Caçador , 16 October 1994, D.B. Falkenberg 6757 ( HUEFS) ; Garuva, Sol Nascente , 7 April 2010, T.J. Cadorin 1927 ( RB) ; Itaiópolis, Moema , 18 August 2010, M. Verdi 5429 ( RB) ; Ituporanga, Rio do Norte , 13 August 2010, M. Verdi 5308 ( RB) ; Joinvile, Rio Manso , 2 February 2010, T.J. Cadorin 1105 ( RB) ; Mafra , 25 April 1968, F.B. Mattos 15306 ( SP) ; Painel, Fazenda Farofa , 3 April 2007, A. Salino 11954 ( BHCB, SPF) ; Ponte Alta, Morro do Funil , 25 March 2008, A.L. Gasper 1653 ( BHCB, FURB) ; Porto União, Pinheiral , 19 December 1966, L.B. Smith 8843 ( SI) ; Rio Fortuna, Rio Indaiá , 9 April 2010, M. Verdi 4298 ( RB) ; Siderópolis, Serrinha , 19 November 2009, J.L. Schimitt 605 ( RB) ; São Francisco do Sul, Ilha Araújo do Meio , 6 July 2007, J. Meirelles 17 ( RB) ; Treviso, Brasilia , 24 November 2009, J.L. Schimitt 696 ( RB) ; Três Barras, Flona Três Barras , 9 June 2008, A.L. Gasper 1808 ( BHCB, FURB) ; Urubicí, Mundo Novo , 12 November 1964, J. Matos 12113 ( SP) . São Paulo: Analândia, Serra do Cuscuzeiro , June 1993, A. Salino 1774 ( BHCB) ; Atibaia, Pico da Pedra Grande , 14 September 1991, A. Salino 1098 ( BHCB) ; Bananal, Estação Ecológica do Bananal , 10 March 2001, A. Salino 6375 ( BHCB) ; Biritiba Mirim, Estação Biológica de Boracéia , 29 September 1983, A. Custódio Filho 1612 ( SP) ; Campos do Jordão, 20 February 1937, Campos Porto 3092 (RB, VIC) ; Cananéia, Estrada da Quarentenária , 26 January 2012, M.H.N. Alexandre 70 ( SP) ; Capão Bonito, Rodovia Francisco Alves –Negrão-SP258, 23 October 2007, R.C. Forzza 4742 (RB, SP); Caraguatatuba, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , 6 March 2008, M.J.M. Christenhusz 4961 ( SP) ; Cubatão , 21 May 1995, M.R. Pietrobom 1775 ( SPF) ; Cunha, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , 15 December 1996, A. Salino 2866 ( BHCB) ; Eldorado, Parque Estadual do Jacupiranga , 22 March 2005, A. Salino 10102 ( BHCB) ; Embu, Rodoanel Mário Covas , 30 August 2007, J. Prado 1705 ( SP) ; Guarulhos , Bairro das Pimentas, 1 March 1981, O. Yano 3198 ( SP) ; Ibiúna, bairro Morro Grande , 30 June 1998, J. Prado 969 ( SP) ; Peropava , 13 June 1986, E.L.M. Catharino 821 ( RB) ; Ilhabela , 1991, V.C. Souza 12296 ( BHCB) ; Itaberá , 28 July 1991, J.V. Godoi 114 ( SP) ; Itapecerica da Serra , 23 September 1996, A. Rapini 195 ( SP) ; Itirapina , 12 October 1984, L.M. Esteves 23 ( SP) ; Jambeiro , 12 February 1980, A.T. Silva 216 ( SP) ; Jundiaí, Serra do Japi , 16 October 2009, R.Y. Hirai 626 ( SP) ; Mairiporã, Parque Estadual da Cantareira. , 6 November 2008, F.A.R.D.P. Arzolla 1331 ( BHCB) ; Miracatu, Reserva Votorantim , 26 March 2013, T.E. Almeida 3186 ( BHCB) ; Mogi das Cruzes, Parque Natural Municipal da Serra do Itapeti , 17 September 2005, V.A.O. Dittrich 1336 ( BHCB) ; Paraibuna , 9 February 1977, A.T. Silva 370 ( SP) ; Paranapanema, Estação Ecológica , 15 May 2007, J.A. Pastore 1413 ( BHCB) ; Paranapiacaba, Estação Biológica , 7 December 1982, A. Custódio Filho 1135 ( SP) ; Pindamonhangaba, Fazenda São Sebastião , 25 January 1997, S.A. Nicolau 1318 ( SP) ; Ribeirão Grande, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , 15 June 2003, A. Salino 8423 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Salesópolis, 27 December 1996, S. Nicolau 1233 (RB, SP); Salesópolis, Estação Experimental de Boraceia , 3 March 1962, O.P. Travassos 306 ( RB) ; Santo Amaro , 10 August 1942, L. Roth 198 ( SP) ; Santo André, Vila de Paranapiacaba , 13 October 2009, E.K.O. Hattori 883 ( BHCB) ; São Bernardo do Campo, Parque Caminhos do Mar , 19 December 1994, E.L.C. Marzola 195 ( SP) ; São Carlos, Parque Ecológico , 13 October 1998, V.R. Pires 8 ( SJRP) ; São Lourenço da Serra, Res. Particular do Patrimônio Natural Paiol Maria , 17 August 2010, J.A. Lombardi 7787 ( BHCB) ; São Luís do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , 6 March 2001, A. Salino 6206 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; São Paulo, Reserva Biológica Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga , 7 February 1976, J.A. Corrêa 132 ( SP) ; Tapiraí, Fazanda São José , 24 February 2008, S. Lehtonen 602 ( SP) ; Ubatuba, Araribá , 12 July 1999, V.A.O. Dittrich 628 ( BHCB) ; Vinhedo, Fazenda Rio da Prata , 28 July 1993, C.E. Rodrigues Jr. 503 ( SP) .

Distribution and habitat: —Widely distributed in the south of South America, in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay. In Brazil, this species occurs in the states of Amazonas, Roraima, Rondônia, Alagoas, Bahia, Pernambuco, Piauí, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina ( Fig. 6D ) in several phytophysiognomies of Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Amazon domains, between 0–2000 m.

Notes: —The presence of lanceolate scales on the rachises and scales with base rounded and long-acuminate to the filiform apex ( Fig. 20G ) on the laminar tissue on both surfaces are notable characters for the species. This species exhibits great morphological variation, mainly in relation to material from coastal and inland areas. Some morphotypes might be distinct species; however, additional studies (e.g., population genetics and morphometry) are needed to correctly delimit each morphotype.

Figures

FIGURE 5. A–E. Pleopeltis gyroflexa. A. Habit; B. Rhizome scale; C. Petiole scale; D. Abaxial rachis scale; E. Abaxial laminar scale. F–O. P. hirsutissima. F. Habit; G. Rhizome scale; H. Petiole scale; I. Adaxial rachis scale; J–K. Abaxial rachis scale; L. Adaxial laminar scale; M. Abaxial laminar scale; O. Sorus scale.

FIGURE 6. Distribution of four species of Pleopeltis in Brazil. A. P. desvauxii; B. P. furcata; C. P. gyroflexa; D. P. hirsutissima.

FIGURE 7. Spores of nine species of Pleopeltis from Brazil. A. P. alborufula; B. P. astrolepis; C. P. aturensis; D. P. bombycina; E. P. burchellii; F. P. desvauxii; G. P. furcata; H. P. gyroflexa; I. P. hirsutissima. Scale bar = 20 mm

FIGURE 18. Venation and sori of four species of Pleopeltis from Brazil. A. P. desvauxii, anastomosing veins; B. P. furcata, free veins; C. P. hirsutissima, two sori surrounded by scales; D. P. macrocarpa, sorus covered by peltate scales; E. P. astrolepis, sorus covered by peltate scales; F. P. desvauxii, linear marginal sori; G. P. hirsutissima, immature sorus covered by peltate scales; H. P. hirsutissima, mature sorus surrounded by peltate scales.

FIGURE 20. Laminar scales of eight species of Pleopeltis from Brazil. A. P. alborufula, abaxial scale; B. P. burchelii, abaxial scale; C–D. P. minima, abaxial scales; E. P. bombycina, abaxial scale; F. P. trindadensis, abaxial scale; G. P. hirsutissima, abaxial scale; H. P. lepidopteris, abaxial scale; I. P. minarum, abaxial scale; J. P. bombycina, adaxial scale; K. P. lepidopteris, adaxial scale; L. P. minarum, adaxial scale; M–N. P. alborufula, adaxial scales.