Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia (Raddi) Alston (1956: 21)

Souza, Filipe Soares De & Salino, Alexandre, 2021, Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 512 (4), pp. 213-256 : 246-247

16. Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia (Raddi) Alston (1956: 21) . Figs. 12A–H , 15G . Polypodium pleopeltifolium Raddi (1819: 286) . Type:— Brazil: “Brasilia, invenitur cum sequenti in veteribus muris prope Rio de Janeiro ”, 1819, Raddi s.n. (holotype: PI!)

Plants epiphytic or rarely epipetric. Rhizomes short-creeping, with scales linear-lanceolate, blackish, base cuneate with a blackish point of attachment, apex acuminate, margin stramineous and entire to erose; fronds monomorphic 8– 35 × 3.5–15 cm, petiolate; petioles angulate to sulcate, 3–15 cm long, alate, scaly; laminae 5–20 cm long pinnatisect to furcate, ovate, elliptic or lanceolate, base truncate to cuneate, apex truncate to acute; rachises angulate to terete, scaly; segments 2–12 pairs, 2.5–15 × 0.5–1.5 cm, linear, base adnate to the rachises, auricle absent, hydathodes present, apex acuminate, margin entire to crenate, slightly revolute, scaly on both surfaces; venation anastomosing; frond scales linear-lanceolate, lanceolate to ovate, brown to blackish, base rounded with a blackish point of attachment, apex acuminate, margin stramineous and entire to erose with projections simple to bifid; sori rounded, medial, glabrous; spores shallowly verrucate with very sparse globules.

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Bahia: Arataca, Serra da Lontras , 29 April 2006, A.M. Amorim 5959 ( BHCB) ; Ilhéus , CEPLAC, Quadra D, 7 March 2007, R.A.X. Borges 872 ( CEPEC) ; Ipiaú, Mirabela Mineração , 13 November 2007, D.T. Souza 343 ( BHCB) ; Ipirá, Serra do Engenho , 15 May 2007, E. Melo 4771 ( HUEFS) ; Ituberá, Assentamento Limoeiro , 16 December 2001, D.M. Loureiro 410 ( ALCB) ; Uruçuca , 28 November 1987, P.J.M. Maas 7072 ( CEPEC) . Distrito Federal: Brasília, Fazenda Água Limpa /UnB, 2 December 1994, B.M.T. Walter 2302 ( CEN) . Espírito Santo: Alegre, Parque Estadual da Cachoeira da Fumaça , 14 September 2008, A. Salino 13956 ( BHCB) ; Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas , 12 June 2010, A. Salino 14883 ( BHCB) ; Castelo, Parque Estadual Forno Grande , 25 June 2008, A. Salino 13586 ( BHCB) ; Linhares, Reserva Florestal de Linhares , 7 May 1997, D.A. Folli 3000 ( BHCB) ; Nova Venécia, Pedra do Elefante , 25 August 2009, A. Salino 14413 ( BHCB) . Goiás: Goiânia , 7 February 1988, J.R. Pirani 2070 ( SPF) . Mato Grosso do Sul: BR-463, Km 64,7, 26 March 2001, M.D. Moraes 617 ( CEN) ; Dourados, Fazenda Paradouro , 20 June 1997, L.P. Clemente 34 ( BHCB, CGMS) . Minas Gerais: Andradas, Pico do Gavião , 16 July 2007, A. Salino 12749 ( BHCB) ; Araguai, Distrito de Paracaiba , 27 January 2007, A. Salino 11551 ( BHCB) ; Arcos , 15 December 2007, A. Salino 13090 ( BHCB) ; Bandeira, Mata do Boi Rajado , 6 October 2003, A. Salino 9093 ( BHCB) ; Belo Horizonte, Parque Municipal Professor Guilherme Lage , 23 December 2011, L.C. Paixão 4 ( BHCB) ; Boa Esperança, Serra da Boa Esperança , 14 December 2007, A. Salino 13036 ( BHCB) ; Brazópolis , 30 October 2008, T.E. Almeida 1547 ( BHCB) ; Bueno Brandão , 18 July 2007, A. Salino 12759 ( BHCB) ; Caldas, Distrito de Pocinhos do Rio Verde , 12 May 2012, T.E. Almeida 3174 ( BHCB) ; Carmópolis de Minas, Estação Ecológica Mata do Cedro , 28 November 2004, L.A. Echternacht 711 ( BHCB) ; Conceição do Mato Dentro, Morro do Pilar , 25 September 2005, T.E. Almeida 136 ( BHCB) ; Furnas, Represa de Furnas , 15 February 2006, A.A. Arantes 1653 ( BHCB) ; Gonçalves , 28 October 2008, T.E. Almeida 1492 ( BHCB) ; Juiz de Fora, Campus da UFJF, 4 April 2012, S.G. Furtado 12 ( CESJ) ; Lambari, Parque Estadual de Nova Baden , 13 July 2007, A. Salino 12542 ( BHCB) ; Nova Lima, RPPN Mata do Jambreiro , 2 March 2004, J.B. Figueiredo 262 ( BHCB) ; Nova Ponte , 23 February 1997, E. Tameirão Neto 2308 ( BHCB) ; Novo Cruzeiro , 10 February 2004, J.R. Stehmann 3595 ( BHCB) ; Ouro Preto, Rodrigo Silva , 1933, J. Badini 80 ( OUPR) ; Paracatu, Reserva do Acangaú. , 3 February 2006, A. Salino 10741 ( BHCB) ; Perdizes , 27 May 1994, E. Tameirão Neto 1762 ( BHCB) ; Rio Preto, RPPN São Lourenço do Funil , 8 December 2007, F.S. Souza 207 ( CESJ) ; Sacramento, Engenheiro Lisboa , 20 February 1989, M. Brandão 14798 ( PAMG) ; Salto da Divisa , 22 February 2003, A. Salino 8280 ( BHCB) ; Santa Maria do Salto, Distrito de Talismã , 9 March 2004, A. Salino 9507 ( BHCB) ; Sapucai Mirim, Serra Campestre , 1 August 1988, A. Salino 521 ( BHCB) ; São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , 14 July 1997, A. Salino 3171 ( BHCB) ; Tombos , 5 June 1941, J.E. Oliveira 510 ( BHCB) ; Vespasiano, Fazenda Campestre , 2 November 2010, S.G. Rezende 3976 ( BHCB) . Paraná: Araucária, Rio Iguaçu , 31 January 2000, E. Barbosa 640 ( CESJ) ; Campina do Simão , 4 March 2009, T.E. Almeida 1871 ( BHCB) ; Capitão Leônidas Marques, Fazenda Deni Schwartz , 15 June 1999, J.M. Silva 2970 ( CESJ) ; Cerro Azul , 10 February 2001, O.S. Ribas 3230 ( BHCB) ; Céu Azul, Parque Nacional do Iguaçu , 31 July 2012, M. Lautert 59 ( BHCB) ; Foz do Iguaçu , 1 August 2010, R.S. Viveros 125 ( BHCB) ; Palotina, Parque Estadual de São Camilo , 2 March 2011, C. Kozera 3833 ( CESJ) ; Paranaguá, Ilha do Mel , 10 October 1992, A. Salino 1505 ( BHCB) ; Saponema , Salto das Orquídeas, 24 May 1997, V.F. Kinupp 532 ( BHCB) ; São João do Triunfo , 9 November 2005, R. Wasum 3264 ( BHCB) ; São Mateus do Sul, arredores da Usina, 26 January 2005, R. Wasum 2431 ( CESJ) ; Tibagi , 19 September 1996, C.E. Rodrigues Júnior 1160 ( BHCB) ; Três Barras do Paraná, Parque Estadual do Rio Guarani , 2 October 2012, M. Lautert 111 ( BHCB) ; Villa Nova , January 1905, Kuntze 15899 ( CORD) . Rio Grande do Sul: Antônio Prado, Capela Borgo Forte , 27 May 2007, R. Wasum 4119 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Caxias do Sul, Campus UCS, 17 August 2006, E. Fasini 115 ( CESJ) ; Gramado, Parque Knor , 11 July 1982, T.S.M. Grandi 1079 ( BHCB) ; Vacaria, Estrada entre a BR-116 e a Vila São Pedro , 16 September 2006, E.S.G. Guarino 1106 ( CEN) . Rio de Janeiro: Parati, Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaína , 7 August 2001, A. Salino 7340 ( BHCB) ; Rio de Janeiro, Jardim Botânico , 12 August 1989, M. Brandão 16802 ( PAMG) . Santa Catarina: Anita Garibaldi , 21 January 2009, M. Verdi 1345 ( BHCB) ; Capão Alto, Fazenda Gateados , 4 May 2005, G. Pereira-Silva 10018 ( BHCB) ; Otacílio Costa, Vila Santa Aparecida , 1 May 2008, M. Verdi 633 ( BHCB) . São Paulo: Analândia, Serra do Cuscuzeiro , 25 October 1986, A. Salino 42 ( BHCB) ; Botucatu, Parque Ecológico da Pavuna , 16 November 2009, L.B. Santos 455 ( BHCB) ; Brotas , 14 July 1991, A. Salino 946 ( BHCB) ; Cananéia, Parque Estadual do Jacupiranga , 26 March 2005, A. Salino 10244 ( BHCB) ; Caraguatatuba , 15 July 1953, W. Hoehne 4108 ( CESJ, SP) ; Iguape, Estação Ecológica de Chauás , 7 January 1999, C. Kozera 766 ( BHCB) ; Ihabela , 1991, V.C. Souza 12295 ( BHCB) ; Itanhaém, Hotel Fazenda São Camilo , 16 April 2001, A. Salino 6575 ( BHCB) ; Itapeva, Estação Ecológica , 27 August 2008, C.R. Lima 86 ( BHCB) ; Itirapina, Reserva do Instituto Florestal , 14 December 1995, A. Begovacz 15 ( BHCB) ; Jundiaí, Reserva Biológica Municipal da Serra do Japi , 11 June 2007, J.A. Lombardi 6723 ( BHCB) ; Paranapanema, Estação Ecológica , 2 August 2006, R. Cielo Filho 537 ( BHCB) ; Pariquera-Açu, Parque Estadual de Pariquera-Abaixo ( PEPA) , 5 January 1999, M. Sztutman 93 ( BHCB) ; Piracicaba, Parque da ESALQ/USP, 25 May 1987, M.B. Gimenes 9 ( BHCB) ; Porto Ferreira, Parque Estadual de Porto Ferreira. , 8 April 2010, J.A. Lombardi 7771 ( BHCB) ; Ribeirão Grande, Parque Estadual Intervales , 15 April 2003, A. Salino 8417 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; São Luís do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , 4 March 2001, A. Salino 6117 ( BHCB) ; São Sebastião , 20 April 2000, A. Salino 5323 ( BHCB) ; Tapiraí, Reserva Votorantim , 29 March 2013, T.E. Almeida 3225 ( BHCB) ; Ubatuba, Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta , 4 January 1993, A. Salino 1641 ( BHCB) .

Distribution and habitat: — Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. In Brazil, it occurs in the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, and Santa Catarina ( Fig. 13C ) in the forest formations in Atlantic Forest domain and eventually in the gallery forest of the Cerrado domain, between 0–1900 m., being one of the epiphytes most abundant in the coastal areas.

Notes: —This species can be recognized by its short-creeping rhizomes and ovate, elliptic or lanceolate laminae with wide segments (0.5–1.5 cm wide). In Brazil, it can be confused with Pleopeltis pleopeltidis , but the species are easily differentiated by the short-creeping rhizome in P. pleopeltifolia and long-creeping rhizome in P. pleopeltidis . It can also be confused with P. desvauxii and P. furcata , but the sori are round and medial in P. pleopeltifolia and linear and marginal in P. desvauxii ( Fig. 18F ) and P. furcata .

Figures

FIGURE 12. A–H. Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia. A. Habit; B. Rhizome scale; C. Petiole scale; D. Adaxial rachis scale; E.Abaxial rachis scale; F–G. Adaxial laminar scale; H. Abaxial laminar scale. I–O. P. burchellii. I. Habit; J. Rhizome scale; K. Petiole scale; L. Adaxial rachis scale; M. Abaxial rachis scale; N. Adaxial laminar scale; O. Abaxial laminar scale.

FIGURE 13. Distribution of four species of Pleopeltis in Brazil. A. P. monoides; B. P. pleopeltidis; C. P. pleopeltifolia; D. P. burchellii.

FIGURE 15. Spores of nine species of Pleopeltis from Brazil. A. P. lepidopteris; B. P. macrocarpa; C. P. minarum; D. P. minima; E. P. monoides; F. P. pleopeltidis; G. P. pleopeltifolia; H. P. stolzei; I. P. trindadensis. Scale bar = 20 mm

FIGURE 18. Venation and sori of four species of Pleopeltis from Brazil. A. P. desvauxii, anastomosing veins; B. P. furcata, free veins; C. P. hirsutissima, two sori surrounded by scales; D. P. macrocarpa, sorus covered by peltate scales; E. P. astrolepis, sorus covered by peltate scales; F. P. desvauxii, linear marginal sori; G. P. hirsutissima, immature sorus covered by peltate scales; H. P. hirsutissima, mature sorus surrounded by peltate scales.