Rhinoncomimus klapperichi Wagner, 1940

Huang, Junhao, Yoshitake, Hiraku, Zhang, Runzhi & Ito, Motomi, 2013, Taxonomic Review of the Genus Rhinoncomimus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ceutorhynchinae) with description of a new species from Yunnan, China, Zootaxa 3750 (2), pp. 143-166 : 145-151

Rhinoncomimus klapperichi Wagner, 1940

( Figs. 1, 2 , 13–16 , 25–33 , 34–41 , 42–44 , 53 )

Rhinoncomimus klapperichi Wagner, 1940: 179 (type locality: Fukien, Kwangtseh; Shaowu). – Colonnelli, 1986: 157; 2004: 33 (in catalog). – Korotyaev: 1997: 288; 2006: 105 (Fujian, Hubei).

Rhinoncomimus klaperrichi Voss 1958: 66 (Shaowu, Kuatun) , incorrect subsequent spelling.

Supplementary description. Male. LB: 2.44–3.00 (mean, 2.65). LR: 0.54–0.83 (mean, 0.67). LP: 0.75–0.83 (mean, 0.79). N = 5 for all measurements. Rostrum stout ( Figs. 13–14 ). Antennae with funicle long and slender, each segment with rosette of fine light semi-erect hairs longer than its length; basal segment of club separated by a shallow constriction and forming an obconical pseudo-8th segment of funicle ( Fig. 33 ). Pronotum ( Figs. 26–27 ) coarsely punctured, bearing lateral tubercle on each side. Basal margin bisinuate, smooth, not serrate; apical margin weakly raised, with shallow median incision. Sides moderately rounded, weakly converging toward the subapical constriction. Scutellar shield subovate ( Fig. 29 ). Elytra subcordate. All intervals almost the same in width and height, nearly three times wider than striae, each with a median row of larger and acute squamate granules and with much smaller squamate granules scattered irregularly on each side; intervals sparsely spotted with white small lanceolate scales; striae moderately marked, bearing fine hair-like scale in each puncture; punctures round, deep, separated by distance more about twice as long as its diameter ( Figs. 26, 30 ). Legs slender; claws free, slender, appendiculate with sharp teeth; tooth slender, extending from the base to middle of each claw ( Fig. 32 ). Prosternum ( Fig. 25 ) moderately prominent laterally along the lateral margin of the prosternal receptacle. Venter ( Fig. 28 ) coarsely and moderately densely punctured, ventrites flattened medially; ventrite V with a more or less shallow median concavity along the apical margin.

Pygidium ( Fig. 31 ) weakly transverse. Spiculum gastrale (sternite IX; Fig. 38 ) slender, evidently longer than the penis or its apodeme, bent leftward. Tegmen ( Fig. 37 ) with apodeme slender, nearly 1.4 times as long as the diameter of the tegminal ring, more or less widened toward the apex. Penis ( Figs. 34–36 ) long and slender, relatively thin in profile, more or less moderately curved downward in the basal 1/3, then slightly bent upward in the apical 1/3; sides subparallel from the base to basal 2/3, slightly broadened at the basal 2/3, then gradually convergent apically; apical projection ( Fig. 35 ) rounded at apex, with lateral incision each side. Basal part of the endophallus ( Fig. 34 ) with a pair of plate-like sclerites and numerous moderately dense minute spicules.

Female. LB: 2.55–3.03 (mean, 2.68). LR: 0.63–0.72 (mean, 0.68). LP: 0.79–0.88 (mean, 0.83). N = 5 for all measurements. Rostrum ( Figs. 15–16 ) slightly more slender. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 39 ) with a pair of patches of several minute setae near the apex; arms relatively broad, nearly 0.8 times as long as apodemes, slightly shorter than the coxite and stylus combined, moderately basally fused, and apically subparallel; apodemes slender, moderately divergent near the apex. Coxites ( Fig. 40 ) robust, nearly five times longer than styli; styli apicolaterally inserted, long and slender, nearly four times longer than wide. Spermatheca ( Fig. 41 ) with cornu relatively robust, strongly curved and slightly attenuate; collum slightly convex; ramus indistinct; insertions of the duct and gland relatively close to each other.

Specimens examined. ZHEJIANG. 1 female, Qingyuan, Mt. Baishanzu, 800 m, 20-VII-1994, IOZ(E)894539 (IZCAS). Pujiang, Sanbushi, on Polygonum sp.: 1 male and 1 female, 17-VII-2005, J. Huang, IOZ(E)1027294, 1027317 (IZCAS); 1 female, 18-VII-2005, J. Huang, IOZ(E)985836 (IZCAS). 2 males and 1 female, Pujiang, Hangping, Xiaxuezhai, 259 m, 29°33.066′N, 119°51.595′E, 3-VII-2006, S. Davis, IOZ(E)1803635–1803536, 1803639 (IZCAS). 1 female, Pujiang, Tanxi, Chefanglingjiao, 247 m, 29°34.533′N, 119°55.352′E, 3-VII-2012, J. Huang, IOZ(E)1803616(IZCAS). 3 males and 3 females, Longquan, Mt. Fengyangshan, Lu’ao–Dazhai hydropower station, 1076– 700 m, 4-VIII-2008, J. Huang (ZAFU). Lin’an, Mt. Tianmushan, Chanyuansi, 2-VII- 2009: 1 male, Y. Lu; 3 males, J. Huang (ZAFU). 4 males and 2 females, Lin’an, Mt. Tianmushan, Nandamen– Chanyuansi, 2-VIII-2011, L. Yang (ZAFU). 3 males and 2 females, Lin’an, Jincheng, Donghu Campus of Zhejiang A&F University, 12-VII-2009, J. Huang (ZAFU). FUJIAN. Chong’an, Xingcun, Sangang: 3 males, 800 m, 8-VII- 1960, Y. Zuo, IOZ(E)894646, 894629, 894620 (IZCAS); 1 male, 740 m, 14-V-1960, Y. Zhang, IOZ(E)894627 (IZCAS); 1 female, 740m, 20-V-1960, Y. Zhang, IOZ(E)894563 (IZCAS); 1 female, 740 m, Y. Zhang, 23-VI-1960, IOZ(E)894560 (IZCAS); 1 female, 740 m, 12-VI-1960, Y. Zuo, IOZ(E)895106 (IZCAS); 1 female, 740 m, Y. Zuo, 13-VI-1960, IOZ(E)894568 (IZCAS). 1 male, Jianyang, Huangkeng, 290 m, 20-VI-1960, S. Jiang, IOZ(E)894644 (IZCAS). 50 males and 46 femals, IV. 2005 (NIAES). Jiangle, Mt. Longqishan, Shipaichang, on Polygonum hydropiper L., 14-VIII-2012: 51 males and 22 females, K. Shi; 43 males and 51 females, J. Huang; 16 males and 6 females, L. Yang; 8 males and 5 females, J. Xu (ZAFU). Jiangle, Mt. Longqishan, Tianjiao, on Polygonum hydropiper L., 15-VIII-2012: 2 males and 2 females, J. Xu; 6 males and 5 females, J. Huang; 4 males and 5 females, K. Shi; 3 males and 1 female, L. Yang (ZAFU). Jiangle, Mt. Longqishan, Shangdi: 3 males and 1 female, 15-VIII-2012, J. Huang (ZAFU). Jiangle, Mt. Longqishan, Shaxizi: 2 males, 13-VIII-2012, J. Huang (ZAFU).

Jiangle, Mt. Longqishan, Yujiaping: 1 male, 13-VIII-2012, L. Yang (ZAFU). Jiangle, Bailian, Guoling, 16-VIII- 2012: 5 males and 1 female, J. Xu; 1 female, J. Huang; 1 female, K. Shi (ZAFU). JIANGXI. 1 female, Jiangsi, Wuning, 27-VIII-1966, T.S. Teng, IOZ(E)894818 (IZCAS). 17 males and 8 females, Yingtan, Mt. Longhushan, VIII. 2003, Li et al. (NIAES). 64 males and 54 females, Zixi, Yangjianling, VIII. 2003, Wen et al. (NIAES). HUBEI. 26 males and 18 females, Tongcheng, Mt. Tongboshan, 1600 m, IX. 2003, Li et al. (NIAES). HUNAN. 1 male and female, Yongshun, Shanmuhe-linchang, 600 m, 4-VIII-1988, S. Wang, IOZ(E)894556–894557 (IZCAS). 43 males and 48 females, Hunan, Pingjiang, Mt. Mupushan, bordering on Jiangxi, 1600 m, 1–12-VIII-2003, Li et al. (NIAES). 18 males and 23 females, Hunan, Hengshan, Mt. Hengshan, 1500 m, VIII. 2003 Wu et al. (NIAES). GUIZHOU. 1 male and 3 females, Mt. Leigongshan, Xiaodanjiang, 760–940 m, 31-V-2005, J. Huang, IOZ(E)985678–985680, 985735 (IZCAS). 1 female, Mt. Leigongshan, Lianhuaping, 1600 m, 31-V–1-VI-2005, D. Ge, IOZ(E)985715.

Distribution. China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou; Fig. 53 ).

Biological notes. This species is found on Polygonum hydropiper L. ( Polygonaceae ). The host plant is widely distributed throughout China, mainly on river beaches, stream margins and wet habitats in valleys. The weevil is quite common on the weed in many collecting sites in Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. In August 2012, the insect was very abundant on the plant, which grew in masses along the coast of a water reservoir in Mt. Longqishan, Fujian ( Figs. 42–44 ). Hundreds of specimens were collected by sweeping. In early morning, individuals of Rh. klapperichi tended to appear in the sun, on the dorsal side of the upper leaves of the plant. As the temperature increased and sunshine became strong before noon, most of the insects chose to hind in shade, on the ventral side of the leaves or on the stems. Several species of Rhinoncus and Homorosoma were also found feeding on the plant at the same site.

Diagnosis. In general appearance, the species is very similar to Rh. niger Chûjô and Morimoto, 1959 and Rh. robustus Voss, 1958 as they share a larger and black body, sparse dark vestiture, and uniform structures on the pronotum and elytra; however, it can be distinguished by a very well developed and sharp mucro on the meso- and metatibiae of the male. The apical projection of the penis, marked by lateral incisions, is also a unique characteristic within the genus.

Figures

FIGURE 53. Geographic distributions of Rhinoncomimus klapperichi, Rh. continuus and Rh. robustus.

FIGURES 1 – 4. Habitus of Rhinoncomimus spp., males. (1 – 2) Rh. klapperichi. (3 – 4) Rh. continuus. (1, 3) Dorsal habitus. (2, 4) Lateral habitus. Scale bars: 0.50 mm.

FIGURES 13 – 24. Heads of Rhinoncomimus spp. (13 – 16) Rh. klapperichi. (17 - 20) Rh. latipes. (21 – 22) Rh. continuus. (23 – 24) Rh. niger. (13 – 14, 17 – 18, 21 – - 22, 23 – 24) Males. (15 – 16, 19 – 20) Females. (13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23) Dorsal view. (14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24) Lateral view. Scale bars: 0.50 mm.

FIGURES 25 – 33. Diagnostic characteristics of Rhinoncomimus, by Rh. klapperichi. (25) venter of thorax. (26) Pronotum, dorsal view. (27) Pronotum, lateral view. (28) Ventrite. (29) Scultellar shield. (30) Elytral sculpture. (31) Pygidium. (32) Tarsal claw. (33) Funicule of antenna. Scale bars: 0.50 mm for 21 – 24; 0.20 mm for 25, 27, 29; 0.10 mm for 26, 28.

FIGURES 34 – 41. Male and female terminalia of Rhinoncomimus klapperichi from Fujian, China. (34 – 38) Male. (34) Penis, dorsal view. (35) Apex of the penis, dorsal view. (36) Penis, lateral view. (37) Tegmen. (38) Sternites VIII and IX. (39 – 41) Female. (39) Sternite VIII. (40) Coxite and stylus. (41) Spermatheca. Scale bar: 0.20 mm for 34 – 39, 0.10 mm for 40 – 41.

FIGURES 42 – 44. Biology of Rhinoncomimus klapperichi in Mt Longqishan, Fujian, China. (42) Habitat and host plant along the coast of a water reservoir. (43) Host plant, Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae). (44) Adult on a leaf of the plant.