Anacroneuria benedettoi Stark, 1998

Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E. & Springer, Monika, 2011, Description of the final instar nymphs of seven species from Anacroneuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) in Costa Rica, and first record for an additional genus in Central America, Zootaxa 2965, pp. 16-38 : 18-21

Anacroneuria benedettoi Stark, 1998

Figs. 2–4

Description. Body length: 8–10 mm. Head ( Fig.2 ): brown forward of ocelli with pale, well-defined m-line and pale anterior frontoclypeus; often with pale spots on the outer side of the ocelli. Pronotum: rectangular, corners rounded, brown in lateral third with pale elongate areas medially forming an indistinct, pale stripe. Surface covered with fine short setae, lacking bristles. Margins completely fringed with short thick bristles, somewhat variable in length.

Meso- and Metanotum: pale irregular spots around the midline; wing pads dark, when well developed. Dorsal surfaces covered with fine short setae, and scattered thick bristles; well-defined anterior and lateral lines of thick bristles. Margins completely fringed with short thick bristles, somewhat variable in length. Foreleg ( Fig. 3 ): dorsal surfaces covered with fine short setae, except for hairless median bar and basal posterior triangular area on femur. Posterior margin with dense fringe of long setae. Femur dorsally with well-defined transverse row of about ten long, thick spines; basal posterior patch of very small spines along margin, reaching transverse row of long spines. Ventral area of coxa with well defined transverse line of up to ten small thick spines ( Fig. 4 ).

Distribution. Costa Rica, Honduras, Panamá.

Local distribution ( Fig. 5 ): Lowland and middle elevation rivers and streams, on both Pacific and Caribbean Reared specimens. Alajuela : Trib. Río Pizote, Upala, 300 m, 3.xii.2006, Gutiérrez, 2 3, 4 Ƥ; Quebrada Rugama, Nuevo Arenal, Tilarán, 550 m, 20.ix.2008, Gutiérrez, 1 3; some locality, Gutiérrez, 3 3, 1 Ƥ; Río Chachagua, San Carlos, 200 m, 30.viii.2008, Gutiérrez, 1 3, 1 Ƥ; Quebr. Gata, Trib. Río Peñas Blancas, San Carlos, 700 m, 8.vi.2008, Gutiérrez, 1 Ƥ; Quebr. sin nombre, El Angel, road to Laguna Hule, xii.2006, Gutiérrez, 1 Ƥ; Heredia: Río Sarapiquí & Trib. Res. Biol. La Tirimbina, 180 m, 11.vii.2008, Gutiérrez, 3 Ƥ, 4 3; Limón: Río Dos Novillos, Guápiles, several months 2006, Gutiérrez, 34 3, 86 Ƥ; Guanacaste: Río Higuerón, near Finca Taboga, iii.2008, Gutiérrez, 4 3; Puntarenas: Río Barranca, Esparza, 30.viii.2008, Gutiérrez, 2 3, 2 Ƥ; Quebrada Beneficio, Esparza, 500 m, vi.2008, Gutiérrez, 1 Ƥ.

Additional material examined. San José: Quebrada Cascajal, primary forest, Coronado, 1750 m, 28.ix.2003, S. Amador, 1 3; Alajuela : Río Chachagua, San Carlos, 200 m, 19.ix.2003, R. Lara, 3 3; Río San Lorencito, San Ramón, Est. Biol. Alberto Manuel Brenes, 860 m, 19.ix.2003, R. Lara, 2 3, 1 Ƥ; same, 24.ix.2005, M. Alfaro, 7 3; same, 4.x.2005, Gutiérrez, 2 3; same, 18.ix.2001, Springer & Univ. Ulm students, 2 Ƥ; Río Cuarto de Grecia, M. Peinador, 1 Ƥ; Río Póas, secondary forest, Póas, 1700 m, 21.viii.2005, M. Arias, 1 3; Heredia: Quebrada El Tigre, Rara Avis, Est. Biol. El Plástico, 560 m, 27.i.1998, Springer, 4 3; same, i.1999, Springer & OTS students, 5 3, 3 Ƥ; Río Pozo Azul, La Virgen de Sarapiquí, 250 m, iii.1998, P. Paaby, 2 3, 4 Ƥ; Trib. Río Sarapiquí, Sarapiquí, 250 m, iii.1998, 1 Ƥ; Quebrada El Salto, Est. Biol. La Selva, Pto. Viejo, Sarapiquí, 50 m, vi.1998, Springer & OTS students, 5 3, 2 Ƥ; same, 27.vi.1997, Springer & OTS students, 1 Ƥ; Quebrada Surá, sendero arboretum, Est. Biol. La Selva, Pto. Viejo, Sarapiquí, 50 m, 22.v.1996, E. Martínez, 1 Ƥ; Limón: Río Costa Rica, Guápiles, 200 m, 14.xi.2005, P. Calderón, 1 3; Río Estrella, Boca Cuen, 200 m, 29.iv.2000, ANAI, 2 Ƥ; Río Bitey, abajo del puente, 200 m, 12.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 3; Quebrada Amubri, Amubri, 70 m, 12.iv.2000, ANAI, 2 3; Río Seille, Gogo, 100 m, 6.iv.2000, ANAI, 2 3; Tuba Creek, 100 m, 17.iii.2000, ANAI, 1 3; Río Bitey, 300 m, 4.vi.2001, ANAI, 1 3; Home Creek, 10 m, 12.iv.2000, ANAI, 3 3 1 Ƥ; Río Caña Jira, Tributario Home Creek, Cruce la Primavera, 10 m, 12.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 Ƥ; Río Duruy, arriba de confluencia Río Bitey, 100 m, 18.iv.2000, ANAI, 2 Ƥ, Río Bocuares, Bocuares, 250 m, 12.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 3; Río Shiroles, arriba Río Gavilan, 100 m, 4.iv.2000, ANAI, 2 3, 1 Ƥ; Río Niño San Rafael, 100 m, 18.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 3, 3 Ƥ; Río Yorkin, arriba desembocadura Río Brai, 500 m, 27.iii.2000, V. Salgado, 4 3, 3 Ƥ; Río Carbón, Bribi entrada a Buena Vista, 100 m, 24.iii. 200, ANAI, 2 3, 1 Ƥ; Río Suruy, Casa Amarilla, 40 m, 4.iii.2000, ANAI, 2 3; Río Tsui, 200 m, 15.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 Ƥ; Quebrada Karbi, Karbita Amubri, 70 m, 17.iv.2000, ANAI, 3 3, 4 Ƥ; Río Gavilán, 100 m, 4.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 Ƥ; Río Yorkin, Puerto (Yorkin), 100 m, 16.iv.2000, ANAI, 1 3; Río Sheravad, Escuela Sheravab, 26.iii.2000, ANAI, 7 3, 9 Ƥ, Quebrada Carbón, arriba catarata, 200 m, 28.iv.2001, J. Amaralis & A. Barque, 2 3, 2 Ƥ; Guanacaste: Río Góngora, Cerro Cacao, 900 m, 5.x.1998, Springer, 1 3, 3 Ƥ; Río Gongora, camino cerro Cacao, 900 m, 5.x.1998, 1 3; Puntarenas: Río Purruja, Golfito, 10 m, v.1999, T. Hermanson & J. Steffen, 3 3, 2 Ƥ; Quebr. Cañaza upstream, Golfito, 50 m, v.1999, T. Hermanson & J. Steffen, 1 Ƥ; same, 15.i.1999, Springer, 1 3, 4 Ƥ; Quebr. Naranjal, below waterfall, Golfito, iv–v.1999, J. Hansen, 11 3, 15 Ƥ; same, 21.i.2000, Springer & UCR students, 2 3, 2 Ƥ; Río La Gamba, upstream, Golfito, 75 m, v.1999, J. Hansen, 11 3, 13 Ƥ; Río Sonador, secondary forest, coffee plantation, Buenos Aires, 1050 m, 23.v.1998, A. Nunn, 3 3; same, Longo Mai, 550 m, 23.v.1998, A. Nunn, 2 3; Río Carbonero, Península de Osa “Lapa Ríos”, 25.xii.1996, Springer, 2 Ƥ; Río Ciruelas, Montes de Oro, Miramar, 6.xi.2005, Leiva, 1 Ƥ.

Habitat and substratum. Submerged leaf litter packs in strong current, mostly in medium sized streams and rivers in forested areas.

Diagnosis. The nymph of A. benedettoi is very similar to A. holzenthali and A. divisa in color pattern, shape and size ( Fig. 2 ), but in A. benedettoi and A. holzenthali the transverse row of spines on the femur is composed of more spines (>10) than in A. divisa (≤9) ( Fig. 3 ). The only difference that could be found to distinguish A. benedettoi from A. holzenthali consists of the patch of small spines ventrally on the coxa, which is arranged in a welldefined row in A. benedettoi ( Fig. 4 ), while forming an irregular patch in A. holzenthali .

Figures

FIGURE 5. Map of Costa Rica showing distribution of Anacroneuria benedettoi.

FIGURES 2 − 4. Anacroneuria benedettoi, 2. Head and thorax (pro, meso and meta notum); 3. Foreleg; 4. Ventral area of coxa.