Sciopemyia dantastorresi Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade, 2022

Chaves Júnior, Salvador P., Shimabukuro, Paloma H. F. & Andrade, Andrey J., 2022, Description of the female and redescription of the male of Sciopemyia sordellii (Shannon & Del Ponte, 1927), including the description of four new species of the genus Sciopemyia Barretto, 1962 (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 5195 (4), pp. 301-336 : 316-317

Sciopemyia dantastorresi Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n.

( Figs 7–10 )

Diagnosis. Male: preapical papilla on flagellomere III present; 5 th palpal segment larger than 3 rd and shorter than or as long as sum of 3 rd + 4 th; gonocoxite with basal tuft of setae; gonocoxite ≤ 175 µm, not arch-shaped on its dorsal margin; aedeagal ducts ≤ 600 µm. Female: preapical papilla on flagellomere III present; 5 th palpal segment larger than 3 rd and shorter than or as long as sum of 3 rd + 4 th; posterior teeth of the cibarium straight, facing the pharynx; anterior teeth arranged in a “V” shaped row.

Male holotype. Head ( Fig. 7A ) 334 (325/339, n = 2) in length, 299 (278, n = 2) in width. Arrangement of deciduous bristles in the occiput region forming an “X” shape; clypeus 113 (113, n = 2) in length; eyes 151 (142/157, n = 2) in length, 81 (81/84, n = 2) in width; interocular distance 142 (139, n = 2). Pharynx with streaks and no teeth ( Fig. 7B ). Cibarium without teeth ( Fig. 7B ). Labrum-epipharynx ( LE) 148 (148/153, n = 2) ( Fig. 7C ). Labial suture complete ( Fig. 7A ). Damaged antennae on the type specimen, description based on paratype (Nº 92116). Antenna ( Figs 7D–F , 8A–K ): flagellomere length (F): FI 363 (386/404, n = 2), FII 181 (186/190, n = 2), FIII 190 (190/195, n = 2), FXIII 75 (81/84, n = 2) and FXIV 75 (72/81, n = 2). Ascoids: with short posterior spur and atrophied peduncle, anterior spur is long in FI and reaches the level of the preapical papilla ( Fig. 7D ), but does not reach FII; external ascoids located on a more apical level than the internal in FI; presence of preapical papilla on FI– FIII ( Figs 7D–F ); papilla absent on FIV– FVIII ( Figs 8A–E ); one papilla on FIX ( Fig. 8F ), three papillae on FX and four papillae on FXI ( Figs. 8G and H ); presence of four, five, six papillae distributed on FXII, FXIII and FXIV, respectively ( Figs 8I–K ); spiniform preapical papilla on FIX ( Fig. 8F ), FXI ( Fig. 8H ) and FXIII ( Fig. 8J ). Presence of simple setae on FVII – FXIV ( Fig. 8D–K ). Palpi (P) ( Fig. 7G ), segment palpal length: PI 35 (35/38, n = 2), PII 72 (69/75, n = 2), PIII 122 (116/122, n = 2), PIV 75 (78/84, n = 2) and PV 159 (185/191, n = 2). Palpal formula: 1-2- 4-3-5 (n = 2); PIII with Newstead’s sensilla scattered along the segment ( Fig. 7G ) .

Cervix. Ventro-cervical sensilla absent. Cervical sclerites bearing a pair of spiniform sensilla.

Thorax. Mesonotum 489 (438/460, n = 2) in length; pronotum, anepisternum, metanotum and postnotum light brown, paratergite and pleura off-white. One proepimeral setae; 11–15 upper anepisternal setae. Setae present on the anterior margin of the katepisternum. Wing ( Fig. 8L ): 1,850 (1,831 / 1,850, n = 2) in length, 533 (511, n = 2) in width; veins: R 5 1,054 (1,091 / 1,110, n = 2); alfa 391 (418/423, n = 2); beta 171 (171/186, n = 2); gamma 275 (258/267, n = 2); delta 41 (55/64, n = 1); pi 66 (73/80, n = 1). Median and posterior legs lost in the holotype, description based on paratype (Nº 92116). Legs: (anterior, median, posterior): Coxae: 339 (325, n = 2), 325 (302, n = 2), 330 (302/316, n = 2); Femur: 781 (751, n = 1),745, 818; Tibia: 1,091 (1,128, n = 2), 1,129, 1,461; Tarsomere I: 737 (715, n = 1), 745, 810. Sum of tarsomeres II+III+IV+V (anterior, median, posterior): 737 (708, n = 1), 708, 730.

Abdomen: 1,998 (1,628 / 1,757, n = 2) in length; tergal papillae absent. Terminalia ( Fig. 8M ): gonocoxite 171 (162/171, n = 2) in length, 58 (64, n = 2) in width, with basal tuft of setae, 9–10 setae (9/12, n = 2). Gonostyle 133 (124/133, n = 2) in length, without preapical seta and with four spines: one apical, one upper external, one lower external, and one internal. The four spines are well-developed. The lower external spine is located at a level closer to the upper external spine than to the internal. The internal spine is located in the apical third of the gonostyle. Paramere ( Fig. 8M ): dorsal margin 157 (145/151, n = 2) and ventral 183 (168/191, n = 2) in length; the basal level of the bristles in the dorsal margin reaches the apical level of the insertion of the bristles in the ventral margin ( Fig. 8M ). Parameral sheath sclerotized and coniform. Epandrial lobe 209 (194/206, n = 2) in length, 32 (32/35, n = 2) in width and rounded at the apex. Sperm pump ( Fig. 8N ) 136 (122/125, n = 2); ejaculatory apodeme: 104 (93/101, n = 2); aedeagal ducts with bevelled apex ( Fig. 8N ), 577 (565/568, n = 3) in length and 2.9 (2.9, n = 2) in width; 4.2 times the length of the sperm pump. Cercus: 116 (110/116, n = 2) in length, 46 (40, n = 2) in width.

Material examined: Male holotype (Nº 92115). Capture location: neighborhood of Jacarepaguá (23º 00′31″ S, 43º 21′01″ W), located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Collection date: 14/iv/2015. Trap: HP. Collector: Godoy R. E. Three males paratypes (Nº 92116, 92117, 92118). Same data of the holotype. Collection date: 13 to the 16/iv/2015 and 19, 21/v/2015. Material deposited in FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB .

Female. Head ( Fig. 9A ): 353 (339–372, n = 4) in length, 296 (290–345, n = 3) in width. Arrangement of deciduous bristles in the occiput region forming an “X” shape; clypeus 119 (116–122, n = 4) in length; eyes 159 (145–168, n = 4) in length, 87 (81–104, n = 4) in width; interocular distance 148 (142–151, n = 3). Pharynx with streaks and no teeth ( Fig. 9B ). Cibarium ( Fig. 9B ) with four posterior teeth well-developed, slight curved towards the central region of the cibarium, 14 anterior teeth arranged in a “ V ” shaped row and eight lateral teeth flanking the posterior teeth; sclerotized area short and triangular; sclerotized arch incomplete. Labial suture complete ( Fig. 9A ). Mouthparts difficult to see in the type specimen, description based on the other paratype (92120) Labrumepipharynx ( LE) ( Fig. 9C ): 186 (177–194, n = 4); mandibles as shown ( Fig. 9D ). Hypopharynx with 20–24 teeth on apical region ( Fig. 9E ). Lacinia of maxilla with 16–17 internal teeth and without external teeth ( Fig. 9F ). Damaged antenna on paratype (Nº 92119), description based on the other paratype (Nº 92120). Antenna ( Figs 9G–I , 10 ª–K), flagellomere length: FI 358 (358–386, n = 4), FII 167 (167–181, n = 4), FIII 167 (167–181, n = 4), FXIII 87 (75–90, n = 3) and FXIV 72 (61–78, n = 3). Ascoids: with short posterior spur and atrophied peduncle, anterior spur is long in FI and reaches the level of the preapical papilla ( Fig. 9G ), but does not reach FII; external ascoids implanted on more apical level than the internal in FI; presence of preapical papillae on FI– FIII ( Figs 9G–I ); Papillae absent on FIV– FIX ( Figs 10A–F ), three and four papillae on FX and FXI ( Figs 10G and H ), respectively; presence of four, five and six papillae on FXII, FXIII and FXIV, respectively ( Figs 10I–K ); preapical spiniform papillae observed on FIX ( Fig. 10F ), FXI ( Fig. 10H ), and FXIII ( Fig. 10J ). Presence of setae simple on FX – FXIV ( Figs 10G–K ), Palpi (P) ( Fig. 9J ), palpal segment lenght: PI 38 (38–41, n = 4), PII 78 (78–81, n = 4), PIII 125 (125–142, n = 4), PIV 81 (78–96, n = 4) and PV 191 (162–209, n = 4). Palpal formula: 1-2-4-3-5 (n = 4); PIII with Newstead’s sensilla scattered along the segment ( Fig. 9J ) .

Cervix: Ventro-cervical sensilla absent. Cervical sclerites bearing a pair on of spiniform sensilla.

Thorax: Mesonotum 533 (496–577, n = 4) in length. Mesonotum, pronotum, anepisternum, metanotum and postnotum light brown, paratergite and pleura off-white. One proepimeral seta; 12–13 upper anepisternal setae. Setae presence on the anterior region of katepisternum. Wing ( Fig. 10L ): 2,072 (1,905 –2,165, n = 4) in length, 628 (599–679, n = 3) in width; veins: R 5 1,202 (1,184 –1,278, n = 3); alfa 526 (460–545, n = 3); beta 205 (218–232, n = 3); gamma 261 (255–293, n = 3); delta 110 (78–122, n = 3); pi 73 (73–139, n = 3). Posterior legs absent on paratype (92119), description based on the other paratype (92120). Coxae (anterior, median, posterior): 358 (325–377, n = 4), 344 (307–358, n = 4), 349 (311–363, n = 4); Femur: 854 (752–876, n = 3), 818 (737, n = 2), posterior lost (818/920, n= 2); Tibia: 1,128 (1,073 –1,202, n = 3), 1,313 (1,221, n = 2), posterior lost (1,369 / 1,461, n = 2); Tarsomere I: 730 (664–803, n = 3), 766 (701, n = 2), posterior lost (766/832, n = 2). Sum of tarsomeres II+III+IV+ V, 693 (686–796, n = 2), 715 (701, n = 2), posterior lost (715/796, n = 2).

Abdomen: 1,887 (1,554 –1,887, n = 3=4) in length; tergal papillae absent. Spermathecae not visible on paratype (Nº 92119), description based on another paratype (Nº 92121). Spermathecae ( Fig. 10M ): 64 (n = 1) in length, 9 (n = 9) in width; with poorly defined rings; terminal knob: 6 (n = 1) in length and 6 (n = 1) in width, individualized, with rounded shape and bristles in the apical region; common spermathecal duct: not visualized; individual spermathecal duct not fully visualized, 6 (n = 1) in width, they are membranous with smooth walls and their widths are uniform throughout their length ( Fig. 10M ). Cercus: 130 (116–159, n = 4) in length, 70 (61–75, n = 4) in width.

Material examined: 5 females paratypes (Nº 92119, 92120, 92121, 92122, 92123). Capture location: 4 females from neighborhood of Jacarepaguá (23º 00′31″ S, 43º 21′01″ W), localized in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Collection date: 13, 14/iv/2015 and 21/v/2015. Trap: HP. Collector: Rodrigo Espíndola Godoy. One female (Nº 92123) from municipality of Muniz Freire (20º27 45″ S, 41º24′55″ W), state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Collection date: iii/2016. Trap: HP. Collector: Israel Pinto. Material deposited in the FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB .

Etymology: The species name pays homage to Dr. Felipe Dantas Torres, “Instituto Aggeu Magalhães”, Fiocruz, Pernambuco, for his important contribution in the studies of leishmaniases and infectious diseases in Brazil.

Distribution: BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Muniz Freire. Rio de Janeiro: Jacarepaguá.

Medical importance: Studies have not yet been conducted on this species regarding vector competence or capacity, or natural infection by parasites.

Figures

FIGURE 7. Male holotype of Sciopemyia dantastorresi Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n. A. Head (Bar: 100 μm). B. Pharynx and Cibarium (Bar: 100 μm). C. Labrum-epipharynx (Bar: 100 μm). D. Flagellomere I. E. Flagellomere II. F. Flagellomere III. G. Palpus I–V (Bar: 100 μm).

FIGURE 8. Male holotype of Sciopemyia dantastorresi Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV (Bar: 100 μm). L. Wing (Bar: 100 μm). M. Terminalia (Bar: 100 μm). N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts (Bar: 100 μm).

FIGURE 9. Female paratype of Sciopemyia dantastorresi Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n. A. Head (Bar: 100 μm). B. Pharynx and Cibarium (Bar: 100 μm). C. Labrum-epipharynx. D. Mandible. E. Hypopharynx. F. Lacinia of maxilla (Bar: 100 μm). G. Flagellomere I. H. Flagellomere II. I. Flagellomere III (Bar: 100 μm). J. Palpus I–V (Bar: 100 μm).

FIGURE 10. Female paratype of Sciopemyia dantastorresi Chaves Júnior, Shimabukuro & Andrade sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV (Bar: 100 μm). L. Wing (Bar: 100 μm). M. Spermathecal and genital fork (Bar: 100 μm).