Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892) Perger & Rubio, 2020

Perger, Robert & Rubio, Gonzalo D., 2020, Sympolymnia, a new genus of Neotropical ant-like spider, with description of two new species and indirect evidence for transformational mimicry (Araneae, Salticidae, Simonellini), Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (2), pp. 781-795 : 781

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.55210
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CCDFA5BA-6E71-4D10-8808-7D39DBB92210
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F03374D3-7643-5A44-925B-ABF1B4AD7592
treatment provided by	Zoosystematics and Evolution by Pensoft
scientific name	Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892)
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892) comb. nov. Figs 3B View Figure 3 , 4A View Figure 4 , 8I-K View Figure 8

Synemosyna lauretta Peckham & Peckham, 1892: 79, pl. 7, fig. 1.

Synemosyna lauretta Simon, 1901: 509, figs 610, 611.

Synemosyna melanura Mello-Leitão, 1917: 142.

Simonella atrogaster Mello-Leitão, 1941: 256.

Synemosyna lauretta Galiano, 1966: 362, figs 23, 24, 42, 43, 47, 58.

Type deposit.

The type of S. lauretta and its synonyms were destroyed in a recent fire ( WSC 2020; A. Kury, unpublished).

Diagnosis.

Abdomen not constricted; bulb about 75% of cymbium length, tibial apophysis in retro-lateral view with broad base, obtusely angulated in the middle, apex triangular, evenly tapering; opening of epigyne very large (width: ~ 0.21 mm), longitudinal-elliptical (see Galiano 1966 for line drawings).

Variation.

Smaller juveniles (BL ≤ 3.1 mm) of S. lauretta had a shiny black body with pointed abdominal apex (Fig. 8I View Figure 8 ). Larger juveniles (BL 3.2-3.9 mm) had a bright and pointed abdomen, but a black, matt carapace. The body of the adults (BL ≥ 3.9 mm) was completely matt, and the abdomen apically more rounded (Figs 3B View Figure 3 , 8K View Figure 8 ).

Geographical and ecological distribution (Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ).

Sympolymnia lauretta was reported from Brazil ( Peckham and Peckham 1892; Galiano 1966; Podgaiski et al. 2007; Rodrigues et al. 2016), Argentina ( Galiano 1966) and Peru ( Cutler 1985). This species is predominately found in seasonal forests south of 15°S. According to the biogeographic regionalisation by Olson et al. (2011), the records of this species refer to Araucaria moist forest, Cerrado, Alto Parana Atlantic forest and Serra do Mar coastal forests. In the present study, S. lauretta was observed in Tucuman (Tarija Department: Arambulo) and Chiquitano forests (Santa Cruz Department: Bermejo, Santa Rosa de la Mina, Santiago de Chiquitos). The records of the present study are the first for Bolivia. In almost all primary forest locations, S. lauretta was obtained from isolated smaller trees and larger bushes overgrown with climbing plants (Fig. 2C, D View Figure 2 ), which are typically found in early successional forest and along forest edges. Sympolymnia lauretta was not collected in closed, moist forests in the study area. Cutler and Edwards (2002) recorded S. cf. lauretta from Trinidad Island (Lesser Antilles). The taxonomic status of this population remains to be determined.

Material examined.

Bolivia • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Santa Cruz Department, Bermejo; 18.1361°S, 63.6191°W; 8 Aug 2017; R. Perger leg.; CBF • 1 ♂, 3 ♀, 1 juv.; Santa Rosa de la Mina; 16.5391°S, 62.4622°W; 9-13 Sep 2016; R. Perger leg.; CBF • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; Santiago de Chiquitos; 18.3225°S, 59.5763°W; 27-28 Dec 2017; R. Perger leg.; CBF. Brazil • 2 ♂, 2; Santa Catarina State, Governador Celso Ramos; 27.314°S, 48.570°W; 2 Nov 2016; J.E. Baigorria leg.; IBSI-Ara 0909. Argentina • 1 ♀; Misiones province, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Karadya; 25.859°S, 53.960°W; 21 Mar 2016; J.E. Baigorria leg.; IBSI-Ara 0610 • 1 ♀; Iguazú, Puerto Iguazú; 25.592°S, 54.569°W; 14 Sep 2016, leg. J.E. Baigorria; IBSI-Ara 0788 • 1 ♀; Leandro N. Alem, EEA INTA Cerro Azul; 27.654°S, 55.435°W; 20 Oct 2017; G.D. Rubio leg.; IBSI-Ara 0985 • 2 ♂; same location and collector as for preceding; 22 Jan 2018; IBSI-Ara 0998 • 1 ♂; same location and collector as for preceding; 21 Nov 2017; IBSI-Ara 1013 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; IBSI-Ara 1036 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; IBSI-Ara 1041.