Sinonissus, Wang, Menglin, Shi, Aimin & Bourgoin, Thierry, 2018

Wang, Menglin, Shi, Aimin & Bourgoin, Thierry, 2018, Morphological and molecular data reveal a new genus of the tribe Issini from Southern China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Issidae), ZooKeys 766, pp. 51-61 : 51

Sinonissus gen. n.

Type species.

Sinonissus brunetus sp. n., here designated.

Diagnosis.

This genus is similar to the genus Latissus Dlabola, 1974 ( Gnezdilov et al. 2011, fig. 4; Gnezdilov et al. 2014, figs 13 d–f) in general appearance, but differs by: 1) vertex without median carina but with carina in Latissus ; 2) tubercles on frons very tiny and obscure but large and elevated in Latissus ; 3) Pcu and A1 fused at basal half of clavus but fused at apical 1/3 in Latissus .

Description.

Head with compound eyes a little wider than pronotum, but nearly the same width as mesonotum (Fig. 1). Vertex rectangular, obviously broader than long, anterior margin elevated, slightly convex or nearly straight, lateral margins elevated, apical half nearly parallel and basal half broaden outward (Fig. 1) or parallel all the time, posterior margin anteriorly widely concave at middle, median carina absent on disc (Fig. 1). Frons obviously longer than wide, slightly broaden below level of compound eyes (Figs 3, 16); apical margin slightly concave almost straight, apical and lateral margins carinate and elevated, median carina elevated from apex extending to near base, but not reaching frontoclypeal sulcus (Figs 3, 16); frons with lateral area distributed with some faint tiny tubercles (Fig. 3). Frontoclypeal suture strongly convex (Fig. 3). Clypeus with median carina (Fig. 3). Rostrum slightly exceeding mesocoxae, apical segment shorter than subapical one. Gena in lateral view slightly protrude below frontoclypeal suture (Fig. 2). Antenna with scape short and cylindrical, pedicel rounded. Pronotum triangular, margins elevated, with several indistinct tubercles on disc, median carina absent (Fig. 1). Mesonotum with two carinae on the disc (Fig. 1). Forewings ovate, longitudinal veins obvious and elevated, costal margin and posterior margin subparallel (Figs 2, 15), with wide 'hypocostal plate’ ( Gnezdilov 2003) (Fig. 3), short common stem ScP+R separating in unforked ScP+RA and RP and reaching the outer margin of forewing; MP forking only once near the basal 1/3 into unforked MP1+2 and MP3+4; CuA forking into CuA1 and CuA2 near middle (Figs 2, 15). Clavus closed, Pcu and A1 fused at basal half of clavus (Figs 1, 15). Hindwing very rudimentary, almost absent. Metatibia with two lateral spines on apical half and approximately eight apically.

Male terminalia. Gonostyli subrectangular in profile, caudo-ventral angle rounded, dorsal margin without process (Figs 4, 7); capitulum broad, with auricular process (Fig. 7). Pygofer rectangular in lateral view, apparently longer than wide (Fig. 4). Periandrium symmetrical, tubular, apical part divided into dorsolateral lobe and ventral lobe (Figs 6, 17). Aedeagus with the pair of aedeagal processes emerging at 3/5 of periandrium length, hook-like, short (Figs 6, 17).

Female terminalia. Anal tube relatively short, in dorsal view a little longer than wide (Fig. 8). Two or three teeth at apex and three keeled teeth on outer lateral margin of anterior connective lamina of gonapophysis VIII (Fig. 14). Gonocoxa VIII quadrangular, connected to gonapophysis VIII with rectangular angle (Fig. 14). Gonapophysis IX in lateral view boat-shaped (Fig. 12). Gonoplacs rectangular in lateral view (Fig. 9), fused at middle near base, widest at basal 1/3 (Fig. 10). Hind margin of sternite VII concave medially (Fig. 13).

Distribution.

China (Chongqing, Sichuan).

Etymology.

This name is derived from the Latin prefix word “sino” freely associated with the generic name " Issus ", referring to the special distribution of this genus representing the rarity of Issini in China. The gender is masculine.

Remarks.

The new genus differs from Issus by the presence of a wide hypocostal plate, also present in Latissus , and from both genera by its rudimentary hindwings. It shows that this last character is not characteristic of the tribe, for which the diagnosis should be modified accordingly. Additionally, the Issini forking schema 'R2, M2, CuA2' indicating the number of main vein terminals in the tegmen appears to be modified in Sinonissus with two to four terminals in CuA: accordingly a 'R2, M2, CuA(2 –4)’ schema should be retained for Issini sec. Wang et al. (2016) 's diagnosis. In reverse, Sinonissus shares particularly with them the presence of paired digitate processes on the dorsolateral lobes of periandrium, two lateral and 5-9 apical metatibial spines. Molecular phylogeny analysis confirms also the placement of the taxon as sister to the two others, according to the schema ( Sinonissus + ( Latissus + Issus )) with node value of 90 (Fig. 19).