Myriopathes cf. myriophylla ( Pallas, 1766 )

Terrana, Lucas, Bo, Marzia, Opresko, Dennis M. & Eeckhaut, Igor, 2020, Shallow-water black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) from SW Madagascar, Zootaxa 4826 (1), pp. 1-62 : 42-44

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4826.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1DC59C31-61D1-4458-897B-29D9CA523634

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4448332

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5768787-934B-4245-FF4C-FA08FD5AFA91

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Myriopathes cf. myriophylla ( Pallas, 1766 )
status

 

Myriopathes cf. myriophylla ( Pallas, 1766) View in CoL

Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24

Antipathes myriophylla Pallas 1766, p. 205

Euantipathes myriophylla van Pesch 1914, p. 39

Myriopathes myriophylla Opresko 2001, p. 346 View in CoL –352, figs. 1–6

Material examined. Toliara, 45 m. Entire colony, specimen INV.131334 .

Depth range. 30–45 m.

Description. The colony is branched and measures around 35 cm in width and 20 cm in height, with a basal diameter of 3 mm ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , a). The branching pattern is planar and flabellate, and the colony is white colored ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , a). It is branched up to the 6 th order with branches measuring up to 15 cm in length ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , a). The branches tend to form individual fronds separated from each other but overlapping ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , a). The primary pinnules are biserial alternate and measure 2.5–11.5 mm, but average 7 mm ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , b). They are inclined 30–60° to the branch, with an average of 45° ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , b). In each row the primary pinnules are spaced 1.0–3.0 mm apart, with an average of 1.7 mm ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , b). There are generally 7–8 primary pinnules occurring along one cm of a branch, counting those in both lateral rows ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , b). Secondary pinnules measure up up to 3 mm in length with an average of 2 mm and are always present ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , b–d). The first secondary pinnule is generally inserted around 1 mm above the base of the primary pinnule, but sometimes further away. They are also inserted out of the plane formed by the primary pinnules ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , c, d). Up to four uniserial secondaries are found on primaries, afterwards they tend to be biserial on the distal part of the primaries when they become incipent branches ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 b–d). Short single tertiary pinnules are also present, but not on all secondary pinnules ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , c, d). The polyps are located on a single side of the pinnules, but on thicker branches they can be spaced irregularly all around the axis. Polyps measure up to 1 mm and are spaced up to 0.7 mm apart, for about 10–12 polyps per cm.

The spines on the pinnules are tall, conical and either straight or slightly horn-shaped, and they are inclined upwards ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , e, f). They are slightly papillose on two-thirds of their surface, with papillae slightly elongated towards the tip of the spines ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , i, j). On a subpinnule measuring 0.09 mm in diameter, five longitudinal rows of spines are seen, and there are no differences in the size of the polypar and abpolypar spines which measure 0.08–0.12 mm and are spaced 0.09–0.16 mm apart, except on polypar side where the mutual distance reaches up to 0.18 mm ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , e). On a primary pinnule 0.14 mm in diameter, there are also no differences in the size of the polypar and abpolypar spines, which measure 0.10–0.14 mm. The abpolypar spines are spaced 0.10–0.18 mm apart, and the polypar spines up to 0.23 mm apart ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , f). However, the inclination of abpolypar spines is more pronounced than the polypar spines ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , f). The spines become more numerous and taller, narrower and needlelike as the axis gets thicker, with the longitudinal rows being lost ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , g, h). On thick branches about 1 mm in diameter, their inclination is no longer very regular, and some are inclined basally as well as distally and others are perpendicular to the axis ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , h). On such branches, the spines are needle-like and still slightly papillose, with the papillae elongated towards the tip of the spine ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , k). Bifid spines are almost absent ( Fig. 24 View FIGURE 24 , g). On these branches there is no distinction between polypar and abpolypar spines. They measure 0.14–0.22 mm in height on a branch 0.9 mm in diameter, and the mutual distance cannot be calculated as the longitudinal arrangement is lost.

Taxonomic remarks. Among the Myriopathes species with a flabellate corallum, which encompasses M. ulex , M. panamensis , M. stechowi , M. spinosa , M. rugosa and M. myriophylla (see Opresko 2001), only M. myriophylla has a pinnulation pattern similar to that of the Malagasy specimen and only M. myriophylla has tertiary pinnules. In the type specimen, the primary pinnules are up to 7 mm long and the secondary pinnules 2 mm long. These lengths are similar to those seen in the Malagasy specimen. The secondary pinnules of the latter specimen do not have the tendency to be on the lowermost portion of each primary as much as in M. myriophylla (Opresko 2001) , as they are generally found 1 mm from the base of the primary. Additionally, a single tertiary pinnule occurs in the present specimen as seen in the neotype of M. myriophylla described by Opresko (2001). Therefore, the present specimen is assigned to M. cf. myriophylla and the slight differences (seen in angles of insertions of the pinnules, their number per cm or the maximum length of the pinnules for instance) are considered here as small variations.

Distribution. Indian Ocean (type locality, Pallas 1766), Indonesia ( Ellis & Solander 1786; van Pesch 1914; Opresko 2001), Madagascar (present study).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Cnidaria

Class

Anthozoa

Order

Antipatharia

Family

Myriopathidae

Genus

Myriopathes

Loc

Myriopathes cf. myriophylla ( Pallas, 1766 )

Terrana, Lucas, Bo, Marzia, Opresko, Dennis M. & Eeckhaut, Igor 2020
2020
Loc

Myriopathes myriophylla

Opresko 2001: 346
2001
Loc

Euantipathes myriophylla

van Pesch 1914: 39
1914
Loc

Antipathes myriophylla

Pallas 1766: 205
1766
GBIF Dataset (for parent article) Darwin Core Archive (for parent article) View in SIBiLS Plain XML RDF