Thripidae

Mound, Laurence A., 2011, Grass-dependent Thysanoptera of the family Thripidae from Australia, Zootaxa 3064, pp. 1-40 : 5-6

Key to Thripidae genera with species dependent on Poaceae in Australia

1. Female with sternite VII posteromarginal setal pairs S1 & S2 arising closer to each other than to setal pair S3 ( Fig. 40 )..... 2

-. Sternite VII pairs of posteromarginal setae arising equidistant from each other ( Figs 10 , 36 ).......................... 3

2. Prosternum with no setae; prosternal ferna complete medially; ocellar setae pair III arising within triangle ( Fig. 38 ). Exothrips

-. Prosternum with 2 or more setae, prosternal ferna divided medially ( Fig. 44 ); ocellar setae pair III arising outside triangle ( Fig. 39 )....................................................................................... Parexothrips

3. Pronotum with no long setae at posterior angles............................................................. 4

-. Pronotum with at least one pair of prominent posteroangular setae............................................. 15

4. Wings absent, or reduced to lobes no longer than width of thorax................................................ 5

-. Wings fully developed................................................................................. 10

5. Prosternum with one or more pairs of setae ( Fig. 45 )................................................. Caprithrips

-. Prosternum without any setae........................................................................... 6

6. Abdominal sternites with transverse row of discal setae (cf Fig. 10 ).............................................. 7

-. Abdominal sternites with no discal setae (cf Fig. 36 ).......................................................... 8

7. Antennae 6-segmented; tarsi 1-segmented......................................................... Aptinothrips

-. Antennae 8-segmented; tarsi 2-segmented................................................. Ozanaphothrips [part]

8. Abdominal sternites III–VI posterior margins with craspedum deeply lobed between marginal setae........... Apterothrips

-. Abdominal sternites III–VI with no craspedum.............................................................. 9

9. Body dark brown, strongly reticulate; antennae 7-segmented......................................... Moundothrips

-. Body variable, yellow to brown, never strongly reticulate; antennae 8- or 9-segmented, segment VI sometimes with incomplete suture............................................................................. Anaphothrips [in part]

10. Antennae 7-segmented; fore wings without prominent setae................................................... 11

-. Antennae 8- or 9-segmented; fore wings with setae on veins including costa...................................... 12

11. Body colour pale yellow, including antennal segments I – V; metathoracic endofurca elongate lyre-shaped.......... Edissa

-. Head and thorax dark brown, strongly reticulate, abdomen golden; metathoracic endofurca transverse........ Phibalothrips

12. Body dark brown; head and pronotum reticulate with markings inside the reticles; hind coxae internally with prominent coiled apodeme; metathoracic endofurca elongate lyre-shaped............................................... Caliothrips

-. Body colour various, yellow or brown or bicoloured; reticulation, when present, without internal markings; hind coxae inter- nally without a coiled apodeme; metathoracic endofurca transverse............................................. 13

13. Abdominal sternites with transverse row of discal setae...................................... Ozanaphothrips [part]

-. Abdominal sternites with no discal setae.................................................................. 14

14. Ocellar setae I absent; antennal segments III & IV with sensorium simple; metanotum with complex sculpture lines ( Fig. 90 ); ovipositor weak, not serrate ( Fig. 91 ); metapre-episternum broadly band-like.............................. Takethrips

-. Ocellar setae I present; antennal segment IV with sensorium forked, III with sensorium sometimes simple; metanotum with reticulate sculpture; ovipositor serrate; metapre-episternum slender and tapering laterally............ Anaphothrips [in part]

15. Tergites V–VII with paired ctenidia laterally ( Figs 30 , 82 ).................................................... 16

-. Tergites V–VII without paired lateral ctenidia.............................................................. 17

16. Antennal segments III–IV with sensoria simple.................................................... Bolacothrips

-. Antennal segments III–IV with sensoria forked................................................ Stenchaetothrips

17. Female abdominal tergite X with pair of stout thorn-like setae.......................................... Limothrips

-. Female abdominal tergite X without such setae............................................................. 18

18. Sensorium on antennal segment III simple, on IV usually simple but rarely forked................................. 19

-. Sensorium forked on antennal segments III and IV.......................................................... 28

19. Prosternal basantra with 1 or more pairs of setae ( Fig. 58 )..................................................... 20

-. Prosternum without any setae.......................................................................... 24

20. Fore tibia inner apex with broadly flattened or bifurcate seta; head strongly prolonged in front of eyes; ocellar setae pair I absent.................................................................................... Organothrips

-. Fore tibia inner apex without modified seta; head scarcely prolonged in front of eyes; ocellar setae pair I present........ 21

21. Abdominal tergites with no craspedum including segment VIII ( Fig. 46 ); sternites with no discal setae........ Karphothrips

-. Tergites II–VIII with broad craspedum on posterior margin ( Figs 47 , 62 ); sternites with or without row of discal setae.... 22

22. Abdominal sternites II–VI posterior margin with craspedum of five broad lobes ( Fig. 49 ); ocellar setae I absent; fore wing cla- vus with discal seta present; sternites with no discal setae....................................... Kranzithrips gen.n.

-. Abdominal sternites II–VI posterior margin either with dentate craspedum or with no craspedum; ocellar setae I present; fore wing clavus with no discal seta; sternites with transverse row of discal setae..................................... 23

23. Abdominal sternites with dentate craspedum ( Figs 76, 78 ); maxillary palps 3-segmented.................... Monothrips

-. Abdominal sternites with no craspedum ( Fig. 60 ); maxillary palps 2-segmented.................... Masamithrips gen.n.

24. Fore wing clavus with no discal seta ( Fig. 13 ); sternites with transverse row of discal setae ( Figs 10 , 17 )............... 25

-. Fore wing clavus with discal seta ( Fig. 35 ); sternites without discal setae ( Fig. 36 )................................. 26

25. Body and legs yellow; pronotum with 2 pairs of posteroangular setae ( Figs 1, 5 ); mesothoracic furca usually without spinula; metanotum without campaniform sensilla ( Fig. 1 )............................................. Aliceathrips gen.n.

-. Body brown or bicoloured; pronotum with one pair of small posteroangular setae; mesothoracic furca with short spinula; metanotal campaniform sensilla present or absent........................................... Ozanaphothrips [part]

26. Pronotum weakly trapezoidal, head not unusually small ( Fig. 31 ); antennal segment II symmetrical; tergal campaniform sen- silla close to posterior margin ( Fig. 33 ); metapre-episternum transversely band-like; female macropterous dark brown; male sometimes bicoloured, macropterous or micropterous............................................ Bregmatothrips

-. Pronotum strongly trapezoidal, much larger than head ( Fig. 23 ); antennal segment II often strongly asymmetric and prolonged laterally; tergal campaniform sensilla distant from posterior margin; metapre-episternum scarcely prolonged laterally; female macropterous, brown, sometimes bicoloured when teneral; male apterous........................................ 27

27. Mesothoracic furca T-shaped with broad lateral flanges, invaginations close together near mid-line ( Fig. 25 ).... Chirothrips

-. Mesothoracic furca weak, without broad lateral flanges, invaginations widely separated ( Fig. 24 )............. Arorathrips

28. Fore tibial apex with 2 claws, rarely with one; sensorium on antennal segment VI with greatly enlarged, broadly oval base.......................................................................................... Odontothripiella

-. Fore tibia without an apical claw; sensorium on antennal segment VI with circular base............................ 29

29. Fully apterous, head with no ocelli; tergite IX with 2 pairs of stout setae [ Macquarie Island]............... Physemothrips

-. Macropterous, rarely micropterous; setae on tergite IX slender................................................. 30

30. Abdominal tergites II–VII with no craspedum; tergites with little sculpture; female with ovipositor valves weakly sclerotised and not serrate............................................................................. Plesiothrips

-. Abdominal tergites II–VII with lobed craspedum and many transverse striae ( Fig. 96 ); female with ovipositor valves strongly sclerotised and serrate.................................................................... Striathrips gen.n.

Figures

FIGURES 38 – 45. Grass living Thripinae. (38) Exothrips sacchari, head. Parexothrips palumae 39 – 44: (39) head; (40) female sternites VI – VII; (41) tergites VI – VII; (42) tergites VII-IX; (43) meso & metanota; (44) prosternum. (45) Caprithrips insularis, prosternum.

FIGURES 1 – 10. Aliceathrips spp. A. australiensis 1 – 3: (1) head & thorax; (2) tergites V – VIII; (3) male tergites VIII – IX. A. engaius 4 – 8: (4) male tergites VII – IX; (5) head & thorax; (6) tergites I – III; (7) thoraxic sterna; (8) antenna. A. mnestes 9 – 10: (9) head; (10) sternites V – VII.

FIGURES 31 – 37. Bregmatothrips australis. (31) head & pronotum; (32) ventral view of head & prothorax; (33) tergites VII – X; (34) male tergites VII – IX; (35) meso & metanota with wing lobe; (36 – 37) sternites VI – VII.

FIGURES 86 – 92. Stenchaetothrips and Takethrips spp. Sten. indicus 86 – 89: (86) head; (87) meso & metanota; (88) tergites VI – VIII; (89) pronotum. Takethrips megas 90 - 92: (90) meso & metanota; (91) ovipositor; (92) tergites VII-X.

FIGURES 23 – 30. Grass living Thripinae. Arorathrips mexicanus 23 – 24: (23) head & thorax; (24) meso & metasterna. (25) Chirothrips manicatus, meso & metasterna. Bolacothrips striatopennatus 26 – 30: (26 – 28) tergites I – II, females from Mt Coottha, Brisbane; (29) tergites I – II, female from Thailand; (30) tergites VII – VIII, female from Thailand.

FIGURES 76 – 85. Grass living Thripinae. Monothrips cuspis 76 – 77: (76) sternites V – VII; (77) tergites VI – VIII. Monothrips flavus 78 – 79: (78) sternites V – VII; (79) tergites VI – VIII. (80) Stenchaetothrips bambusicola, head & thorax. Stenchaetothrips biformis 81 – 83: (81) antenna; (82) tergites VI – VIII; (83) head. Sten. bambusicola 84 - 85: (84) female sternites V-VII; (85) tergites VI – VIII.

FIGURES 52 – 62. Masamithrips spp. M. geikiei 52 – 55: (52) antenna; (53) head & pronotum; (54) meso & metanota; (55) tergites VIII – X. M. masamii 56 – 62: (56) antenna; (57) head & thorax; (58) prosternum; (59) tergites VIII – X; (60) sternites V – VII; (61) male sternites V – VII; (62) tergites IV – VI.

FIGURES 46 – 51. Grass living Thripinae. (46) Karphothrips dugdalei, tergites VII – IX. Kranzithrips mareebai 47 – 51: (47) tergites VII – IX; (48) meso & metanota; (49) sternites V – VI; (50) male tergites VII – IX; (51) head & pronotum.

FIGURES 11 – 22. Aliceathrips spp. A. mnestes 11 – 16: (11 – 12) male tergites VIII – IX; (13) meso & metanota; (14) pronotum; (15) tergites VII – IX; (16) antenna. A. sorghi 17 – 18: (17) sternites V – VII; (18) male tergites VIII – IX. A. palmeri 19 – 22: (19) head & thorax; (20) tergites VIII – X; (21) male tergites VIII – IX; (22) male sternites V – VII.

FIGURES 93 – 97. Striathrips sulcatus. (93) antenna; (94) head & pronotum; (95) meso & metanota; (96) tergites I – III; (97) tergites VI – VIII.