Pamphilius croceus Shinohara, 1986

Shinohara, Akihiko, Kramp, Katja & Taeger, Andreas, 2022, The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae), Zootaxa 5167 (1), pp. 1-251 : 69

Pamphilius croceus Shinohara, 1986

( Figs 71 , 72 ) (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11405169)

Pamphilius takeuchii: Beneš, 1974: 309 , 313; Shinohara, 1979: 152; Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev, 1995: 398; Sundukov & Lelej, 2009: 3; Sundukov & Lelej, 2012: 109; Shinohara, 2013: 99; Sundukov, 2017: 105. Not Beneš, 1972a, in part.

Pamphilius croceus Shinohara, 1986b: 425 ; Shinohara, 1991a: 56; Kim et al., 1994: 217; Shinohara, 2002b: 424; Shinohara, 2004: 263; Shinohara & Zhou, 2006: 184; Shinohara & Lelej, 2007: 935, 942; Sundukov, 2009: 213; Paek et al., 2010: 161; Taeger et al., 2010: 86; Sundukov & Lelej, 2012: 109; Sundukov, 2017: 104; Lee et al., 2019: 9; Shinohara & Tripotin, 2021a: 61.

Material examined. Fifty-eight specimens, including the holotype, all from the Russian Far East and Korea ( Shinohara 1986b, 1991a; Shinohara & Zhou 2006; Shinohara & Tripotin 2021a; present work). New collection data: RUSSIA: Primorskij Kraj: 2♀ ( Fig. 71 , DEI-GISHym 88000, 88002), Sedanka, 80m, 43.210°N 131.995°E, 14. VI. 2017, A. Taeger, M. Proshchalykin & V. Loktionov ( SDEI). SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon-do: 1♀ 45♂ (incl. NSMT 30980), Mirugam (Bukdaesa), 1300m, Odaesan Mts., 16–18. VI. 2010, A. Shinohara ( NSMT).

Distribution. Russia (Primorskij Kraj), South Korea ( Shinohara & Zhou 2006).

Host plant. Unknown.

Remarks. This species belongs to the P. komonensis subgroup of the P. alternans group ( Shinohara 2002b; Shinohara & Zhou 2006) and is similar to P. takeuchii Beneš, 1972 , from Japan. Beneš (1974) recorded P. takeuchii from Primorskij Kraj based on a female specimen from Suchan (= Partizansk), which was later designated as the holotype of P. croceus by Shinohara (1986b). No other specimens of P. takeuchii have been recorded from Russia. Although P. takeuchii was included in the lists of Russian sawflies ( Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev 1995; Sundukov & Lelej 2009, 2012; Sundukov 2017), it should be excluded from the Russian fauna as fully discussed by Shinohara (2013).

In both COI and NaK analyses ( Figs 140 , 154 ), P. croceus was recovered as sister to P. takeuchii with 100% UFBoot support. The two allopatric species are very close genetically, diverging by a minimum of 1.0% in the COI analysis and by a minimum of 0.4% in NaK analysis. The larvae of P. takeuchii feed on Acer spp. (Sapindaceae) solitarily rolling edge of a leaf. The larvae of P. croceus may also feed on these plants.

Figures

FIGURE 71. Pamphilius croceus, female, Russia – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) sawsheath laterally, (h) claw.

FIGURE 72. Pamphilius croceus, male, Korea – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) genitalia dorsally, (h) genitalia ventrally, (i) claw.

FIGURES 140–141: Condensed ML tree based on CO1 gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius 140. alternans group. 141. basilaris group.

FIGURES 154–155: Condensed ML tree based on NaK gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius 154. alternans group. 155. basilaris group.