Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) fimbriata Fabricius, 1804

Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Ayala-Barajas, Ricardo, Pozo, Carmen & Vandame, Rémy, 2022, Revision of carpenter bees of the subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Mexico and Mesoamerica, Zootaxa 5158 (1), pp. 1-67 : 7-16

Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) fimbriata Fabricius, 1804

( Figs. 1–10 , 102–104 , 132 )

Xylocopa fimbriata Fabricius, 1804: 340 . Holotype: University of Copenhagen Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark (♀). Type locality: ‘America meridionalis ’ [according to Moure (1960: 144).

Xylocopa corniger Westwood, 1840: 270 . Holotype: Oxford University Museum Oxford. England (♀). Type locality: ‘un- known’, synonymy by Smith (1874:284).

Xylocopa cajennae Lepeletier, 1841: 203 . Syntype: Oxford University Museum Oxford. England (♂). Type locality: French Guiana, Cayenne, synonymy by Smith (1874:284).

Xylocopa cornuta Lepeletier, 1841: 176 . Syntype: Istituto di Zoologia dell’Universita di Torino, Torino, Italy (♀). Type locality: French Guiana, Cayenne, synonymy by Erichson (1848:591).

Xylocopa virescens Lepeletier, 1841: 186 . Holotype: Istituto di Zoologia dell’Universita di Torino, Torino. Italy (♀). Type locality: French Guiana, Cayenne, synonymy by Moure (1960:144).

Xylocopa fimbriata var. motaguensis Cockerell, 1912 ; 556. Holotype: American Museum of Natural History , New York, USA (♀). Type locality: Guatemala, Gualán.

Diagnosis. Body length, female, 28.74 mm (27.62–30.60; n=5), male, 29.43 mm (28.45–30.97; n=5). Female: Head with elevated prominences adjacent to ocelli with appearance of horns ( Fig. 1 ); middle ocellus clearly below level of lateral ocelli and upper margin of eyes; area between parapsidal line and mesoscutal disc with sparse punctation (punctures separated by three or more puncture diameters); wings brown to dark brown with blue-violet iridescence ( Fig. 3 ); pubescence evenly black; integument of terga evenly black; T1 to T4 with scattered minute punctures; T2 to T4 with minute hairs, T5 hairs 0.49–1.02 (length respect MOD). Male: Terga yellowish-orange, with no bands ( Fig. 10 ); metasoma with yellowish orange pubescence; posterior tibia internal distal extreme with a notable sharp projection but with apex rounded, anterior margin with a rounded prominence, width of projection two thirds the width of the tibia ( Fig. 9 ); length of hairs on terga respect MOD, T2 0.71–1.59, T3 0.77–1.28, T4 0.79–1.42, T5 0.81–1.54; tip of the lateral process of the gonostylus ending broad, rhomboid shaped ( Fig. 103 ).

Description. Female: Integument and pubescence black; wings brown to dark brown with blue-violet iridescence ( Fig. 3 ); venation dark brown. Body length 28.74 mm (27.62–30.60; n=5); length of forewing 25.27 mm (24.63–26.29; n=5); head length 7.18 mm (6.78–7.58; n=5); intertegular distance 8.37 mm (7.66–8.78; n=5); width of T2 12.48 mm (11.69–12.82; n=5). Head: Frontal area with two large prominent elevations similar to horns that arise between the lateral ocelli and middle ocellus; middle ocellus below upper level of eyes ( Fig. 1 ). Very wide inter-ocular space (wider than compound eye length). Clypeus with a large depression toward the middle of antertior submargin, with large dense punctures separated by less than their diameter, diminishing toward the inferolateral areas; inferior margin of the clypeus with punctures on its entire width, forming a margin with a width equal to the diameter of a puncture. Lateral ocelli located above tangent of eyes. Mesosoma: Mesoscutal disc unpunctate, area between parapsidal line and disc with some sparse punctation (punctures separated by three or more puncture diameters). Metasoma: T1 to T3 with scattered minute punctures. Length of hairs on terga respect MOD as follows: T2 to T4 with minute hairs, T5 0.49–1.02. Male: Pubescence and integument yellowish orange. Hyaline wings, venation reddish-brown. Body length 29.43 mm (28.45–30.97; n=5); length of forewing 23.75 mm (22.71–24.79; n=5); head length 4.98 mm (4.83–5.18; n=5); intertegular distance 8.47 mm (7.83–8.95; n=5); width of T2 13.74 mm (13.17–14.20; n=5). Head: Labrum with a triangular shaped area without punctures on the middle region; rest of labrum with scattered punctures. Clypeus with very small, scattered punctures on marginal, submarginal, and inferolateral regions; subapical region without punctures (some specimens with some very scattered punctures); clypeus disc and superior region with dense punctures, separated by three or more times their diameter. Lateral ocelli located on the same level as tangent of eyes. Mesosoma: Between the parapsidal line and discal area with dense punctures, separated by one to one and a half times their diameter. Posterior tibia: anterior margin with long light brown pubescence; posterior margin with long and short pubescence; internal surface with more abundant pubescence toward the basal area and short dense pubescence on the distal extreme; internal distal extreme with a notable sharp projection but with apex rounded; anterior margin with a rounded prominence; width of projection two thirds the width of the tibia ( Fig. 9 ). Metasoma: T1 with dense, long, plumose hairs, T2 to T5 with plumose hairs restricted to submarginal area, mixed with simple hairs, T6 and T7 with a mixture of dense, long, simple and plumose hairs. Length of hairs on terga respect MOD as follows: T2 0.71–1.59, T3 0.77–1.28, T4 0.79–1.42, T5 0.81–1.54. Genitalia: Distal angle of the ventral section of the gonostylus, acute ( Fig. 104 ); basal angle at the base of lateral process of the gonostylus, strong, very noticeable ( Fig. 103 ); tip of the lateral process ending broad, rhomboid shaped ( Fig. 103 ).

Variation. The elevations adjacent to the ocelli present variation in size among specimens collected in a single or different locality on the same date. Throughout its distribution, wings may have bluish iridiscence with violet or only bluish iridescence, with the papillate area with greenish iridescence. These variations have led to the fact that throughout history, different species have been described, which have been placed in synonymy. Metasoma: Some males have dark brown terga, perhaps due preservation issues in collections.

Distribution ( Fig. 132 ). Present in Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Martinique, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela ( Gonzalez & Gonzalez 2009; Moure 2012; Mawdsley 2018). It has also been reported for Bolivia and Peru by Moure (2012), however according to Hurd (1978) the presence of this species in those countries is seemingly an error, and none of the supporting references giving distributional records in Moure’s compilation are posterior to Hurd’s assertion. Widely distributed in Mexico and Central America, in the ecoregions ( Dinerstein et al. 2017): Dry forests of Balsas, Dry forests of Central America, Pine-oak forests of Central America, Dry forests of the Central Depression of Chiapas, Seasonal humid forests of Costa Rica, Humid isthmus-Atlantic forests, Humid isthmus-Pacific forests, Dry forests of Jalisco, Mesoamerican mangroves of the Gulf and Caribbean, Mangrove of the Mesoamerican Pacific north, Dry forest of Panama, Humid forests of PetenVeracruz, Sierra of the Tuxtlas-Veracruz, Humid forests of the Sierra Madre of Chiapas, Pine-oak forests of the Sierra Madre of Oaxaca, Pine-oak forests of the Sierra Madre del Sur, Pine-oak forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Dry forests of Sinaloa, Mangroves of the South Pacific of Mesoamerica, Dry forests of the South Pacific, Mountainous forests of Talamanca, Pine-oak forests of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Dry forests of Veracruz, and Humid forests of Veracruz. Broad altitudinal distribution, 0 to 2620 m.

Material examined. 968 ♀ 56 ♂: COSTA RICA : 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Alajuela: Los Chiles: Caño Negro , 10.89381, -84.78884; 35 m, 14-XI-1992 , K. Martínez, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Naranjo: San Jerónimo de Naranjo , 10.1, -84.36; 1036 m, 15-IV-1965 , J. L. Corrales, 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Cartago: Tapanti National Park, Biological Station , 9.761389, - 83.78472; 1200 m, 31-X-2001 , R. Brooks , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Guanacaste: Bagaces: Cañas , 14 km S, EJN, 10.30, - 85.09560; 36 m, 8-III-1988 , F. D. Parker, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Entrada a Palo Verde , 10.38334, -85.31668; 15 m, 13-XI- 2001 , A. Soto, 1 ♀, 17-XI-2001, F. Umaña, 1 ♀, I. Jiménez , 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Finca Montezuma , 3 km SE Río Naranjo, 10.66409, -85.09720; 452 m, 7-II-1992 , F. D. Parker, 1 ♀; - IV-1992, F. D. Parker, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Hacienda Palo Verde , 2 km E, 10.34990, -85.33169; 42 m, I-1974 , K. H. Keeler, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Palo Verde , 10.38333, - 85.31667; 10 m, - III-1988 , A. Bernecker, 1 ♀; R. Lucking , 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Palo Verde National Park , 10.31460, - 85.25320, 6 m, 17-II-1991 , F. D. Parker, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Parque Nacional Palo Verde, Estación Palo Verde , 10.34912, -85.35235; 5 m, 1-X-1990 , U. Chavarria, 2 ♀ 1 ♂; 1-XI-1990, D. Acevedo, 1 ♂; 1-I-1991, D. Acevedo, 4 ♀; 10-I- 1991, J. Corrales, 1 ♀; 1-III-1991, D. Acevedo, 1 ♀; 1-IV-1991, D. Acevedo, 1 ♀; 1-VI-1991, D. Acevedo, 1 ♀; 25-III-1992, A. Gutiérrez, 3 ♀; M. Ortíz , 2 ♀; 1-IX-1993, U. Chavarria, 1 ♂; 5-V-1999, I. Jiménez, 1 ♀; 6-IX-1999, I. Jiménez, 1 ♀; J. Weng , 1 ♀; 17-XI-2004, Y. Cárdenas, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Parque Nacional Palo Verde, Sector Palo Verde , 10.36667, -85.38326; 107 m, 2-XI-1999 , I. Jiménez, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). R. Naranjo , 3 km SE, 10.66409, - 85.09720; 451 m, 25-I-1992 , F. D. Parker, 1 ♂ ( BBSL). La Cruz: Estación Pitilla , 9 km S Santa Cecilia, 10.9926, -85.42947; 673 m, 1-IX-1989 , C. Moraga, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). La Garita, Est. Los Almendros, 11.03385, -85.52479; 300 m, 28-III-1992 , M. Reyes, 3 ♀; G. Gallardo , 2 ♀; 23-X-1992, E. López, 1 ♀ 1 ♂ ( MNCR). Mirador casa 1, 11.03846, -85.72889; 81, 9-IX-2007 , M. Zumbado, 2 ♀ ( MNCR). Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Casa Oeste , Cerro El Hacha, 12 km SE La Cruz, 11.00568, -85.56495; 300 m, 1-I-1988 , M. Espinoza, 8 ♀ ( MNCR). Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Cerro el Hacha, 10.89985, -85.57733; 400 m, 11-I-1988 , A. Solís, 3 ♀; 4-II-1988, A. Solís, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Estación Biológica Maritza , 10.96254, -85.49524; 600 m, 1-V-1989 , 1 ♀; 1-V-1990, R. Blanco , 1 ♀; 1-II-1992, F. Araya, 1 ♀; 27-II-1992, A. Gutiérrez, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Santa Elena, Cerro El Hacha, 12 km SE de La Cruz, 10.98316, -85.54106; 300 m, 1-I-1988 , A. Solis, 6 ♀; 1-IX-1991, E. López, 1 ♀; 1-XI-1991, E. López, 2 ♂ ( MNCR). Santa Elena, Finca Jenny, 10.86550, -85.57353; 200m, 1-IX-1988 , 2 ♀; 1-X-1988, 7 ♀; 1-XI- 1988, 14 ♀ 3 ♂; 1-XII-1988, 5 ♀; 1-III-1989, 1 ♀ 1 ♂; 16-X-1991, E. Araya, 1 ♀; 1-1-1992, E. Araya, 1 ♀; 19-I- 1993, E. Araya, 1 ♀; 5-VIII-1993, E. Araya, 1 ♀; 5-IX-1993, E. Araya, 3 ♀; 10-X-1993, E. Araya, 3 ♀ ( MNCR). Santa Elena, P.N. Santa Rosa, Estación Murciélago, 8 km SW de Cuajiniquil, 10.90193, -85.73101; 100 m, 1-II- 1989 , 1 ♀; 10-X-1993, C. Cano, 1 ♀; F. Quesada , 1 ♀; 3-XII-1993, C. Cano, 1 ♀; 7-IV-1994, C. Cano, 1 ♀; 4-VIII- 1994, F. Quesada, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Santa Rosa, Parque Nacional, 10.81666, -85.61666; 279 m, 11-II-1979 , C. Starr, 1 ♀; 11-III-1986, W. Wcislo, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Liberia : 16.4 km NE de Liberia, 10.72750, -85.39361; 360 m, 22-XI- 2001 , R. Brooks , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Curubandé , 10.71666, -85.38333; 360 m, 22-XI-2001 , C. Godoy, 1 ♀; J. Weng , 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Liberia , 10.63564, -85.44495; 139 m, 1-IX-1964 , Robert & Roberts, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Nacascolo, Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Estación Santa Rosa, 10.83641, -85.61549; 300 m, 1-I-1989 , 5 ♀; 1-I-1991, 2 ♀; 1-XI-1991, O. Espinoza, 1 ♀; 1-II-1992, O. Espinoza, 3 ♀; D. Brenes , 1 ♀; G. Pereira , 1 ♀ 1 ♂; 1-VII-1992, G. Pereira, 1 ♂ ( MNCR). Sector Las Pailas , 4.5 km SW del Volcán Rincón de la Vieja, 10.77678, -85.35191, 800 m, 22-XI-1992 , G. Rodríguez, 1 ♀, 6-I-1993, J. Sihezar, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Nicoya: San Antonio, 3 km NO de Nacaome, Parque Nacional Barra Honda , 10.16821, -85.37365; 100 m, M. Reyes: 13-X-1992 , 1 ♂; 13-XI-1992, 2 ♀; 1-XII-1992, 2 ♀; 1-I-1993, 1 ♀; 1-XI-1994, 1 ♂ ( MNCR). Tilarán: Santa Rosa Biological Station , 10.83641, -85.61549; 300 m, 10- III-1986 , W. Wcislo, 2 ♀ ( SEMC). Heredia: Belén: La Ribera: San Antonio , 9.98905, -84.18284; 950 m, 1-VIII- 1991 , M. A. Zumbado, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Santo Domingo: Santo Domingo , 9.9992, -84.06239; 1243 m, 12-V-2017 , I. Aguilar, 1 ♀ ( CINAT). Hotel Bougainvillea , 9.974999, -84.07666; 1135 m, 14-V-1999 , D. Brzoska, 2 ♀ ( SEMC). Santa Rosa, 9.973625, -84.09439; 1100 m, 9-IX-2002 , M. Solís, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Limón: Talamanca: Amubri , cacao farm, 19-I-1979 , C. Starr, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Puntarenas: Garabito: Reserva Biológica Carara, Estación Quebrada Bonita , 9.77423, -84.60812; 27 m, 1-III-1995 , R. Guzmán , 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Isla San Lucas: Puesto Isla San Lucas , 9.94652, -84.90556; 0 m, 7-III-2005 , J. Azofeita, 3 ♀; 14-IX-2005, J. Azofeita, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Monteverde : 10.3069, -84.8097; 1430 m, 23-III-2018 , 1 ♀ ( CINAT). Paquera: Isla Pan de Azúcar , 9.926427, -84.9041; 0 m, 29-XI-2005 , J. Azofeita, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). San José: Acosta: San Ignacio de Acosta , 4 km E, 9.79145, -84.19698; 1220 m, 8-VII- 1963 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Aserrí: Aserrí Jocotal , 9.77687, -84.13753; 850 m, - V-2006 , J. Mora, 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Escazú : 9.91670, -84.13330; 1100 m, F. D. Parker: 4-III-1988 , 1 ♀; 22-IV-1989, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). San Antonio de Escazú , 9.65444, -84.15444; 1350 m, 26-II-1985 , W. Wcislo, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Montes de Oca: Lourdes , 9.93206, -84.04119; 1230 m, 14-IV-1975 , R. Ochoa , 1 ♂ ( MZUCR). San José, Sabanilla , 9.94515, -84.03109; 1282 m, - IV-2014 , S. Alvarado, 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Mora: Ciudad Colón , 10.30, -84.416700; 800 m, - XII-1989 , L. Fourniev, P. Hanson, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Z.P. El Rodeo, Upaz, Mora , 9.90933, -84.27888; 984 m, 22-II-2018 , M. Fernández, Gliricidia sepium , 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Puriscal: Mercedes Sur, Fila Altos de Carara , 9.77522, -84.47642; 1116 m, 6-II-1993 , J. C. Saborio, 1 ♀ ( MNCR). Santiago de Puriscal , 9.88595, -84.34916, 700 m, - II-2016 , M. Fernández, 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). San José : 9.91189, -84.07362; 1140 m, 24-VIII-1962 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). San José , 9.93835, -84.0898; 1137 m, - II-1988 , A. Bernecker, 1 ♀ ( MZUCR). Santa Ana: 9.9336, -84.1841; 902 m, 27-III-2012 , A. Chassoul, 1 ♀ ( CINAT). EL SALVADOR: La Libertad: Quetzaltepeque : 13.82634, -89.27047; 450 m, 13-VII- 1969 , J. R. Quezada , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Quezaltepeque , 3 mi S, 13.78198, -89.27908; 861 m, 19-VII-1961 , M. Irwin, 1 ♂ ( SEMC). Quezaltepeque , 3 mi W, 13.83498, -89.31937; 496 m, 1-VIII-1961 , M. E. Irwin, 1 ♂ ( BBSL). GUATE- MALA: Huehuetenango: Jacaltenango: Rancho Viejo , 15.62299, -91.78; 949 m, 7-V-2010 , 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). La Democracia: Cajuil , 15.63746, -91.78722, 1026 m, 8-V-2010 , 1 ♀, 18-XI-2010, M. Hurtado, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Chaparral , 15.67407, -91.95515; 1007 m, J. Mérida: 20-II-2010 , 1 ♀; 28-IV-2010, 1 ♀; 8-V-2010, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Nojoya , 15.66123, -91.82008; 1000 m, 29-IV-2010 , P. Sagot, 9:30 h, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Pinalito , 15.6653, -91.8618; 963 m, 2-III-2010 , C. Balboa, 10:50 h, 1 ♀; 17-XI-2010, O. Argüello, 1 ♀; 17-11-2010, M. Hurtado, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). La Libertad: Camojaito , 15.61604, -91.87273; 940, 1-III-2010 , D. Sánchez, 9:55 h, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Antonio Huista: Miralvalle , 15.66789, -91.95520; 1127 m, 8-V-2010 , 2 ♂ ( ECOAB). Chejbal , 15.68596, -91.78158, 1085 m, 23-II-2010 , C. Balboa, 13:00 h, 1 ♂; M. Cigarroa , 12:00 h , 1 ♂. MEXICO : 5 ♀ 1 ♂ ( CNIN), 3-VIII-1937 , C.C. Hoffmann, 1 ♂ ( CNIN), 5-VII-1949 , J. Julia, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Chiapas : 2 ♀ 2 ♂ ( ECOAB). Acacoyagua : 10 de Abril 15.44472, -92.69966; 596 m, 3-IX-2004 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Las Golondrinas , 15.43271, -92.65260; 862 m, 8-XII-2006 , C. Balboa, 1 ♀; 18-XII-2006, C. Balboa, 1 ♀; 20-V-2007, R. Vandame , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Nueva Reforma , 15.435, -92.7509; 508 m, 4-IX-2004 , M. Rincón, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Rosario Zacatonales , 15.43365, -92.65051; 915 m, 31-V-2005 , M. Guzmán, 1 ♀; 4-VIII-2005, M. Guzmán, 2 ♀; 10-XI-2006, C. Balboa, 1 ♀; 24-IV-2007, C. Balboa, 1 ♀; 10-V-2007, M. Guzmán, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Ángel Albino Corzo: Jerusalén , 15.77486, -92.64197; 885 m, 3-XI- 2017 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Querétaro, 15.8344, -92.76275; 678 m, 2-III-2016 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Arriaga: Carretera Tuxtla-Arriaga , 16.32649, -93.87328; 426 m, 10:45 h, P. Sagot , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Ejido Adolfo López Mateos , 16.32131, -93.98319; 368 m, 20-I-2009 , M. Guzmán, 7 ♀; 23-I-2009, C. Balboa, 3 ♀; 10-III-2009, C. Balboa, 3 ♀; 10-III-2009, M. Guzmán, 2 ♀; 13-III-2009, J. Florez, 1 ♀; 17-XI-2009, C. Balboa, 1 ♀; 20-XI-2009, C. Balboa, 4 ♀ 2 ♂ ( ECOAB). Paraje Poza Verde , 16.34207, -93.9544; 466 m, 24-I-2009 , M. Guzmán, 1 ♀; 18-XI- 2009, C. Balboa, 4 ♀ ( ECOAB). Cacahoatán: 4 km al norte carr. a Unión Juárez , 15.035095, -92.151412, - 730 m, 6-III-2020 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Chiapa de Corzo: Autopista a Chiapa de Corzo , 16.748, -92.974; 575 m, 28- XII-2011 , 11:30 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ 1 ♂ ( ECOAB). Autopista a San Cristóbal de Las Casas , 16.73596, -92.95005; 730 m, 11:30 h, P. Sagot 2 ♂ ( ECOAB). Carretera 28, Sur de la Providencia, 16.46988, -92.95717; 500 m, 9:15 h, P. Sagot , 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Cintalapa: Cintalapa , 16.68596, -93.72855; 582 m, - XI-1948 , 3 ♀ ( CNIN). Comitán de Domínguez: Francisco Sarabia , 16.17231, -92.11812; 1572 m, 4-XII-2019 , P. Sagot, 3 ♀ ( ECOAB). Frontera Comalapa: Rodulfo Figueroa , 15.851745, -92.069833; 595 m, 31-III-2016 , 8:20 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀. Huehuetán : 15.01789, -92.3939; 86 m, 14-V-1987 , J. Mendoza, 1 ♀; L. Mendoza , 2 ♀; 14-IX-1987, J. Mendoza, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Ixtapa: Multajo, 2 km E, Carr 190, 16.71654, -92.85908; 1502 m, 15:00 h, P. Sagot , 1 ♀. La Concordia: Carretera 157, 7 km sur de Benito Juárez, 15.97922. -92.81434; 581 m, 2-III-2016 , 13:20 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera 157, El Espinal, 15.94570, -92.77746; 613 m, 2-III-2016 , 12:44 h, P. Sagot, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera 157, Norte del Embarcadero , 16.03700, -92.55436, 587 m, 1-IV-2016 , 8:35 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera 157, Oeste Niños Héroes , 16.116839, -92.653494; 616 m, 11:40 h, 1-IV-2016 , P. Sagot, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). La Tigrilla, 15.97605, - 92.81658; 586 m, 4-III-2020 , E. Gómez, 10:35 h, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Niños Héroes , 16.11359, -92.62986; 606 m, 7:50 h, P. Sagot , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). La Trinitaria: San Francisco de Asís , 16.0118, -92.0267; 767 m, 16-XI-2011 , 7:40, J. Mérida, 2 ♀; P. Sagot 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Mapastepec: Camino a Santa Rosa, 15.4696, -92.7784; 233 m, 26-XI-2004 , M. Guzmán, 1 ♀; 24-II-2005, M. Rincón, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). La Palma, 15.53032, -92.80199; 498 m, 17-V-2007 , C. Balboa, 1 ♀; M. Guzmán : 18-III-2005 , 4 ♀; 19-III-2005, 2 ♀; 22-VI-2005, 1 ♀; 23-VI-2005, 1 ♀; C. Balboa : 6-XII- 2005 , 3 ♀; 17-V-2007, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Unión Los Olivos , 15.52120, -92.80114; 316 m, J. Esponda: 5-5-2005 , 1 ♀; 2-III-2006, 1 ♀; 29-IX-2006, M. Cigarroa, 3 ♀; 1-X-2006, J. Mérida, 1 ♀; 10-X-2006, J. Mérida, 4 ♀; C. Balboa : 10-X-2006 , 1 ♀; 18-X-2006 ,, 2 ♀; 19-X-2006, 1 ♀; 23-X-2006, M. Cigarroa, 3 ♀; 28-X-2006, J. Mérida, 6 ♀; 8- XI-2006, M. Guzmán, 4 ♀; 22-XI-2006, J. Esponda, 1 ♀; 27-XI-2006, C. Balboa, 2 ♀; 18-IV-2007, M. Guzmán, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Unión Los Olivos-orilla del río, 15.5219, -92.79967; 325 m, M. Guzmán: 23-10-2004 , 1 ♀; 28-X- 2004, 1 ♀; 8-XI-2004, 1 ♀; 20-XI-2004, J. Esponda, 3 ♀; M. Guzmán : 28-XI-2004 , 11 ♀; 2-II-2005, 6 ♀; 2-III- 2005, 1 ♀; 26-V-2005, 1 ♀; 28-V-2005, 1 ♀; 1-VI-2005, 3 ♀; 27-VI-2005, J. Esponda, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Mazatán: Mazatán , 14.85849, -92.45159; 22 m, 25-V-1989 , G. López, 1 ♀; 20-VII-1989, A. Aquino, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Motozintla: Belisario Domínguez , 15.3041, -92.3811; 791 m, 25-V-1998 , D. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Finca Belen , 15.21944, -92.34916; 1337 m , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Salanueva , 15.31660, -92.34023; 1000 m, 3-II-2019 , 11:20 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Ocozocoautla: 8.1 km N Nuevo México S de Ocozocoautla , 16.69761, -93.41156; 773 m, 11-IV-1993 , C. Mendoza, Lonchocarpus sp , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). 11.7 km S Ocozocoautla , 16.6688, 93.41589; 750 m, 11-IV-1993 , A. Rodríguez, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). 15 km N Nuevo México S de Ocozocoautla , 16.59037, -93.43355, 777 m, 11-IV-1993 , E. Tovar, Piscidia piscipula , 1 ♀; R. Ayala , Piscidia piscipula , 2 ♀ ( EBCH). Pijijiapan: Carr. 200, 15.71307, - 93.23767; 78 m, 14:00 h, P. Sagot 1 ♀; I. Pérez , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carr. 200, 15.70490, -93.22095; 58 m, 9-III-2020 , E. Gómez, 2 ♀; P. Sagot , 7:40 h , 3 ♀ ( ECOAB). Joachim Amaro , 15.77766, -93.40933; 51 m, 1-II-2019 , 9:30 h, G. Mera, 1 ♀; I. Pérez , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Solo Dios , 15.66695, -93.42535; 9 m, 11:25 h, P. Sagot 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Socoltenango : 16.22243, -92.35469; 741 m, 15-I-2017 , 7:30 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tapachula : 36.7 km N Tapachula, 15.103, -92.3097; 440 m, 17-IV-1993 , E. Tovar, Crotalaria acapulcensis , 5 ♀ ( EBCH). Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez , 14.74328, -92.31274; 28 m, 8-VIII-2014 , J. Ruíz et al, 2 ♀; 9-I-2015, J. Ruíz et al. 4 ♀ ( ECOAB). Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez , 14.75482, -92.29233; 33 m, 7-VIII-2014 , M. Guzmán et al, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez , 14.76733, -92.29931; 38 m, 7-VIII-2014 , M. Guzmán et al, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Rancho Santa Teresita , 14.9048, -92.3144; 102 m, 10-VIII-1987 , L. Mendoza, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tapachula , 14.88669, -92.28660; 127 m, 14-IX-1988 , A. Aquino, 1 ♀; 19-VI-2005, A. Niño, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tonala: Ejido Nueva Costa Rica , 16.1352, - 93.6824; 408 m, 19-I-2009 , C. Balboa, 11 ♀; 22-I-2009, C. Balboa, 3 ♀; M. Guzmán , 1 ♀; P. Sagot , 1 ♀; 9-III-2009, M. Guzmán, 4 ♀; 9-III-2009, C. Balboa, 4 ♀; J. Mérida , 1 ♀; 12-III-2009, C. Balboa, 2 ♀; 21-V-2009, C. Balboa, 2 ♀; M. Guzmán , 1 ♀; 17-IX-2009, M. Guzmán, 1 ♀; 16-XI-2009, C. Balboa, 4 ♀ 2 ♂; 19-XI-2009, M. Guzmán, 4 ♀ ( ECOAB). Puerto Arista , 15.94282, -93.82458; 6 m . 31-I-2019, 10:45 h, G. Mera, 2 ♀; P. Sagot , 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tuxtla Chico: 1a Sección de Medio Monte , 14.89049, -92.2094; 180 m, 8-X-2015 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Casa Jorge Mérida , 14.98054, -92.17292; 15-III- 2008, 453 m, J. Mérida, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Rosario Izapa , 14.9733, -92.1546; 445 m, 24-VII-1987 , R. Santos , 2 ♀; 25-VII-1987, R. Santos , 1 ♀; 8-X-1987, L. Godínez, 2 ♀; L. Mendoza , 2 ♀; R. Santos , 1 ♀; 13-V-2005, C. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tuzantán: Carr. Huixtla-Motozintla , 15.1628, -92.4329; 110 m, 3-2-2019 , 8:45 h, P. Sagot, 5 ♀; I. Pérez , 3 ♀ 1 ♂ ( ECOAB). Unión Juárez: Talquián Viejo , 15.0881, -92.0916; 1748 m, 4-VI-2005 , H. Colin 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Unión Juárez , 15.0618, -92.08; 1310 m, 29-XII-19896, F. Pérez , 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Venustiano Carranza: Carretera Pujiltic-Venustiano Carranza , 16.30446, -92.53471; 637 m, 14:00 h, 2-I-2017 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera V. Carranza-Acala , 16.401466, -92.730145; 532 m, 21-XII-2015 , 12:40 h, P. Sagot. 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Venustiano Carranza , 16.3166, -92.5666; 621 m, 21-IV-1993 , C. Mendoza, 1 ♀; E. Tovar , 1 ♀; J. L. Neff , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Villa Corzo: Carretera a Ejido Sierra Morena , 16.16865, -93.50988; 796 m, 24- XII-2016 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀; R. Vandame , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). El Parral, camino Oeste a Villaflores , 16.36631, -93.06750; 981 m, 20-X-2017 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Villa Corzo , El Parral, carr. 157, 16.36959, -92.97258; 643 m, 4-I-2016 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Pedro Buena Vista, Belisario Domínguez , 16.0572, -93.1137; 823 m, 4-I-2016 , 9:40 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Villafores : 5 km W Domingo Chanona, 16.3167, -93.3332; 670 m, 11-IV-1993 , F. A. Noguera, Wisteria sinensis , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Carretera 230, 16.41139, -93.68287; 644 m, 30-I-2019 , 12:20 h, G. Mera, 2 ♀; P. Sagot , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera 230, 16.34958, -93.42621; 716 m, 30-I-2019 , 9:15 h, P. Sagot, 3 ♀; I. Pérez , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera 230, 16.35493, -93.52333; 693 m, 30-I-2019 , 10:35 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Clemente , 16.4182, -93.71358; 608 m, 30-1-2019 , 12:50 h, I. Pérez, 4 ♀ ( ECOAB). Colima: - VIII-1916 , C. C. Hoffmann, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Armería: Highway 200- Armeria R., 18.93103, -103.96384; 20 m, 22-II-1992 , D. Brzoska, 5 ♀ ( SEMC). Colima, 19.23879, -103.75923; 457 m, 9-II-1954 , R. Dreisbach , 1 ♀, 9-XI-1954, R. Dreisbach , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Comala: Glory Desert , 19.34572, -103.79819; 594 m, 15-II-2012 , 10:00 h, E. Esquivel, 1 ♂; J. Mérida , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Hacienda San Antonio , 19.45192, -103.71394; 1190 m, 26-X-2015 , R. Ayala , 2 ♀ ( EBCH). Manzanillo: Playa de Oro , 19.11991, -104.36848; 6 m, 7-I-1986 , D. Zehr, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Tecomán: Pascuales Malecón , 18.8494, -103.9536; 16 m, 3-X-2010 , R. Ayala , 2 ♀ ( EBCH). Guerrero: L. Ancona , 2 ♀ ( CNIN). Acapulco : 16.87111, -99.89777; 87 m, 6-VIII-1954 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 5 ♀ ( SEMC). Atoyac de Álvarez : El Faisanal, 17.43333, -100.20000; 1200 m, 3-VIII-1983 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). El Rincón de las Parotas , 17.24516, - 100.39135; 429 m, 8-VII-1985 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; G. Rodríguez , 1 ♀; 10-IX-1985, I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀; O. Morales , 3 ♀; 2-XI-1985, A. Morales, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Puente de los Lugardo , 17.33833, -100.25500; 925 m, 30-III-1984 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 30-III-1984 , R. Ayala , 7 ♀ 2 ♂ ( MZFC), 1-XI-1985 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Puente del Rey 9 km al sur de El Paraíso, 17.34907, -100.26303; 872 m, 10-IX-1985 , V. Velarde , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Río Santiago , 17.25333, -100.31833; 698 m, 2-V-1985 , O. Morales, 1 ♀; 3-V-1985, O. Morales, 1 ♀; M. A. Luis , 1 ♂; 5-VII-1985, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 8-VII-1985, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; M. A. Luis , 1 ♀; 9-VII-1985, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; M. A. Luis , 1 ♀, 5- VIII-1985, M. A. Luis, 1 ♀; 9-IX-1985, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; O. Morales , ♀; 9-XI-1985, G. Rodríguez, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Azoyu: Carr. Cuanacaxtitlan a Azoyu , 16.77561, -98.59564; 318 m, 29-XII-2019 , E. Caballero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carr. Cuanacaxtitlan a Azoyu , 16.75822, -98.60384; 340 m, 29-XII-2019 , E. Caballero, 2 ♀, E. Gómez , 1 ♀ (ECO- AB). Chilpancingo de los Bravo: Chilpancingo , 2 mi E; 17.48477, -99.44462; 1243 m, 7-VIII-1962 , R. Roberts , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Copala: Carr. entre Car. 200 y Playa Ventura, 16.59204, -98.92507; 15 m, 25-XII-2019 , E. Caballero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Malinaltepec: Cocoyul , 17.02440, -98.77848; 1090 m, 26-XII-2019 , E. Caballero, 1 ♀; P. Sagot , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Ometepec: Huajintepec , 16.61298, -98.24503; 343 m, 24-XII-2019 , E. Gómez, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Pilcaya: Grutas , 2 km SE, hwy 55, 18.67007, -99.51193; 1163 m, 6-I-1989 , R. Minckley, B. Danforth , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Pilcaya, Taxco , 23 mi N, 18.71100, -99.67296; 1341 m, 8-VIII-1954 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 2 ♀ ( SEMC). San Luis Acatlán: Yoloxóchitl , 16.81583, -98.69027; 600 m, 1-I-2012 , Amith & García, 1 ♀; 8-XI-2012, Amith & Bautista, 1 ♂ ( SEMC). Yoloxóchitl , 16.80523, -98.66190; 661 m, 29-XII-2019 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Marcos: Acapulco , 21 mi E, 16.77559, -99.53882; 92 m, 3-VIII-1963 , M. Naumann, 6 ♀ ( SEMC). Taxco de Alarcón: Taxco , 20 mi S, 18.43419, -99.55960; 1051 m, 6-II-1954 , R. Dreisbach , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Taxco , 4 mi S, 18.49939, - 99.59972; 1326 m, 3-VIII-1951 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Técpan de Galeana : La Ola, 17.65103, -100.87428; 1859 m, 20-XI-2012 , 8:45 h, E. Esquivel, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Rodesia , 17.20696, -100.69623; 24 m, 18- VII-1971 , 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Técpan , 17.22670, -100.62684; 37 m, 18-7-1971 , 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Jalisco: Cabo Corrientes: El Tuito , 20.31970, -105.3265; 604 m, F. D. Parker, T. L. Griswold , 2 ♀ ( BBSL). El Tuito , 20.32405, -105.31912; 630 m, 22-X-1977 , C. Beutelspacher, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). El Tuito , 20.30275, -105.34759; 692 m, 5-IX-2018 , 12:30 h, J. Mérida, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Punta Tehualmixtle , 20.23896, -105.57492; 35 m, 24-XI-1991 , J. Villa, E. Ramírez, 2 ♀ ( EBCH). Cihuatlán: Barra de Navidad , 19.21594, -104.68423; 14 m, 10-IV-1986 , RAyala, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Hostotipaquillo: Plan de Barrancas , 3 km SE, 21.05300, -104.19600; 766 m, 8-VII-1963 , F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). La Huerta: Chamela , 19.53000, -105.08166; 5 m, 5-VII-1984 , R. Ayala , 3 ♀ ( MZFC), 26-IX-1985 , F. D. Parker, T. L. Griswold , 2 ♀ 1 ♂ ( BBSL). Estación de Biología Chamela , 19.49948, -105.04242; 70 m, 25-V-1980 , S. H. Bullock, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), 21-23-VII-1980 , A.Pescador, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), 26-VII-1980 , A.Pescador, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), S. H. Bullock : 1-VIII-1981 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 4-VIII-1981 , 2 ♀ ( EBCH), 11-IX-1981 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 30-IX-1981 , A.Pescador, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), S. H. Bullock : 19-IX -1982 , 1 ♂ ( EBCH), 19-IX-1982 , 1 ♀ ( CNIN), 9-XI-1982 , 1 ♂ ( SEMC), 13-I- 1983 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 30-I-1983 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 20-II-1984 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 19-V-1984 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), R. Ayala : 22-III- 1985 , 1 ♀ ( SEMC), 16-V-1985 , 2 ♀ ( EBCH), 1-VII-1985 , F. D. Parker, T. L. Griswold , 2 ♀ ( EBCH), 17-VII-1985 , R. Ayala , 2 ♀ ( EBCH), 25-IX-1985 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 26-IX-1985 , Radclife B. Roberts, 1 ♀; F. D. Parker, T. L. Griswold , 1 ♀ 1 ♂ ( EBCH), 13-X-1985 , M. Sánchez, 1 ♂ ( EBCH), 28-I-1986 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( SEMC), 29-VI-1986 , R. A. Usela , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), R. Ayala : 5-VII-1986 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 5-IX-1987 , 1 ♂ ( EBCH), 4-XI-1987 , T. L. Griswold , 1 ♀ ( BBSL), 21-V-1988 , E.Ordway, Solanum ochraxceun-ferrugineum , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 9-VI-1988 , R. Minckley , 1 ♀ ( SEMC), 2-IX-1988 , A. Rodríguez, 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 12-VII-1989 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀ ( SEMC), 14-X- 1990 , G. Ortega, C. Mayorga, J. Martínez, S. Rodríguez, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), - I-1991 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀ ( SEMC), 19- VIII-1995 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 5-12-VII-2013 , S. Zaragoza, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), 1-7-I-2014 , S. Zaragoza, 1 ♀ ( CNIN), 7-IX-2018 , S. Kilpatrick, 2 ♀; 15-VI-2019, J. Mérida, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Playa Careyes, Chamela , 19.44282, - 105.02328; 16 m, C. D. Michener: 30-IX-1985 , 1 ♀ ( SEMC), 30-IX-1985 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Playa Careyitos, 19.43766, -105.02605; 2 m, 10-IX-1985 , R. Ayala , 2 ♀; 27-IX-1985, R. B. Roberts , 7 ♀ ( EBCH). Río Cuixmala , 19.41055, - 104.95638; 46 m, 27-II-1991 , E. Ramírez, 2 ♀ ( EBCH). Mixtlán: Guadalajara , 65 mi W, 20.47589, -104.37009; 1685 m, 3-IX-1971 , 1 ♂ ( BBSL). Pihuamo: Pihuamo , 19.25376, -103.36904; 665 m, 9-II-1954 , R. Dreisbach , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Tequila: Tequila , 3 mi NW, 20.91882, -103.86330; 1206 m, 19-VII-1953 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Volcán de Tequila , 20.82757, -103.85104; 1800 m, 12-IV-1995 , H. Fierros, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Volcán de Tequila , 20.86341, -103.84396; 1300, 15-VII-1995 , 1 ♀; 7-XI-1995, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Tomatlán: Carr. Barra de Navidad-Pto Vallarta (La Virgencita), 19.84972, -105.31777; 26 m, 18-IX-1985 , R. A. Usela , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Mexico: Camino a Ixtapantogo, San Nicolás , 12-I-1952 , 3 ♀ ( CNIN). Ixtapan de la Sal: San Pedro Tlacochaca , 18.85753, -99.64716; 1800 m, 10-XI-2015 , 8:30, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Ixtapan de La Sal , 18.84375, -99.67552; 1900 m, 30-X-1991 , R. Ayala , Salvia sp , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Michoaacán: Ario : El Cangrejo, 20 km N La Huacana, 19.04166, - 101.81138; 1090 m, 30-X-1987 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Arteaga: Carr. Arteaga 2 km, 18.34803, -102.29194; 830 m, 18-VII- 1989 , V. R. Castrejón , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). El Zorrillo , 18.28172, -102.271311; 758 m, 13-X-1994 , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Buenavista, 10 km W Apatzingán, La Huina , 19.10813, -102.52083; 256 m, 17-VII-1989 , V. R. Castrejón , Chilopsis linearis , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Coahuayana: Palos Marías , 18.81154, -103.54045; 240 m, 29-V-1988 , L. Cervantes, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Gabriel Zamora : 20 km S Uruapán, 19.25057, -102.05532; 944 m, 7-II-1990 , S. H. Bullock, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). La Huacana : 5.8 km N de la Huacana, 19.00811, -101.82282; 766 m, 18-VII-1989 , Brooks & Roig-Alsina, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). 17 km N La Huacana , 19.03256, -101.81486; 1010 m, 4-XI-1992 , A. Rodríguez, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Zicuirán , 18.87756, -101.96943; 200 m, 8-VII-1988 , G. Rodríguez, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Lázaro Cárdenas: Chuquiapan, Playa Azul , 32 km W, 18.04952, -102.60812; 6 m, L. Godínez: 3-XI-1987 , 2 ♀ ( EBCH), 3-XI-1987 , 3 ♀ ( SEMC). Los Amates, Playa Azul , 26 km N, 18.14611, -102.27833; 250 m, L. Godínez: 2-XI-1987 , 1 ♀ ( EBCH), 2-XI-1987 , 3 ♀ ( SEMC). Puente Mexcalhuacan , 41 km W Playa Azul, 18.05709, -102.6576: 4 m, 3-XI-1987 , T. L. Griswold , 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Múgica : 36.7 km NE de Arteaga, 19.00476, -102.10223; 384 m, 16-VII-1989 , Brooks & Roig-Alsina, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Tzitzio: Guayabo de Derrumbadero , 19.29889, -100.91917; 986 m, A. Reyes , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tzitzio , 2 mi S, 19.56476, -100.92203; 1383 m, 29-VII-1962 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Uruapan : El Sabino, 19.29139, -101.97110; 929 m, 20-VII-1936 , H. Thomas, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). La Tzararacua, 19.35413, -102.07173; 1533 m, 26-V-1988 , V. Hernández , 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Morelos: Acteopan: km 48 carr. Atotonilco-Atlixco , 10-IX-2009 , H. Brailovsky, E. Barrera, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Cuernavaca : 18.93402, -99.23148; 1568 m, - VII-1951 , G. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Cuernavaca , 18.93481, -99.23082; 1561 m, 17-III-1959 , H. E. Evans, D. M. Anderson, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Huitzilac: Derrame del Chichinautzin , km 80.7, 19.02861, -99.19278, 2620 m, 11-XI-1985 , O. Yañez, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Derrame del Chichinautzin , km 85.6, 19.02333, -99.15111; 2470 m, 6-IV-1997 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Jojutla: Cerro del Higuerón , 18.57333, -99.18000; 905 m, 5-VII-1981 , A. Cuauhtémoc, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Tepalcingo: Tepalcingo , 18.59222, -98.84556; 1170 m, 19-IX-1984 , J. Avila, 2 ♀ ( MZFC). El Limón , 18.53805, -98.9325; 1287 m, 30-VIII-2004 , E. Delgado, 1 ♀; 31-VIII-2004, D.Reynoso, 7 ♀; O. Yañez , 3 ♀ ( MZFC). Tepoztlán: km 12, Autopista México-Cuautla , 18.97333, -99.08250; 1650 m, 18-XI-1995 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; J. L. Salinas , 1 ♀, 17-III- 1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; O. Yañez , 1 ♀; 14-IV-1996 I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀; O. Yañez , 3 ♀; 5-V-1996, I. Hinojosa, 10 ♀; O. Yañez , 2 ♀; 13-VII-1996, I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀; I. Hinojosa : 8-IX-1996 , 1 ♀; 10-XI-1996, 4 ♀; O. Yañez , 3 ♀; I. Hinojosa : 30-XI-1996 , 3 ♀; 25-I-1997, 2 ♀; 16-II-1997, 1 ♀; O. Yañez : 16-II-1997 1 ♀; 2-III-1997, 1 ♀; I. Hinojosa : 5-IV-1997 , 2 ♀; 11-V-1997, 3 ♀; 11-V-1997, J. L. Salinas, 5 ♀; I. Hinojosa : 8-VI-1997 , 1 ♀; 5-VII-1997, 1 ♀ 1 ♂ ( MZFC). Tepoztlán, km 19.5, Autopista México-Cuautla , 18.93806, -99.03833; 1350 m, 7-X-1995 , I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀; 5-XI-1995, O. Yañez, 1 ♀; 10-II-1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; I. Hinojosa : 24-II-1996 , 3 ♀; 18-IV-1996, 2 ♀; 25-V- 1996, O. Yañez, 1 ♀; 16-VI-1996, I. Hinojosa, 7 ♀; O. Yañez , 6 ♀; 20-VII-1996, I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀; 21-VII-1996, O. Yañez, 2 ♀; 11-VIII-1996, I. Hinojosa, 7 ♀; O. Yañez , 2 ♀ 1 ♂; 1-IX-1996, I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀; O. Yañez , 3 ♀; 28-IX- 1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; O. Yañez , 1 ♀; 13-X-1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 16-IX-1996, O. Yañez, 2 ♀; 12-I-1997, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; O. Yañez , 1 ♀; 9-II-1997, I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀; O. Yañez , 2 ♀; 1-III-1997, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 17-VIII-1997, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♂; O. Yañez , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Tepoztlán, km 20, Autopista México-Cuautla , 18.93556, -99.03417; 1320 m, 13-IV-1997 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Tepoztlán, km 20.5, Autopista México-Cuautla , 18.93472, -99.02944; 1280 m, 3-VIII-1997 , I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀ ( MZFC). Tepoztlán, km 4.5, Autopista México-Cuautla , 19.00417, -99.12944; 1940 m, 16-XII-1995 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 27-I-1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 16-III-1996, I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀; O. Yañez , 2 ♀; 13-IV-1996, I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀; O. Yañez , 1 ♀; 28-IV-1996, O. Yañez, 1 ♀; 23.XI-1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 15-XII- 1996, I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; 26-I-1997, I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀; 15-II-1997, I. Hinojosa, 5 ♀; O. Yañez , 3 ♀; 9-III-1997, I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀ ( MZFC). Tepoztlán, km 8 Carr. Tepoztlán-Cuautla , 18.93917, -99.04500; 1357 m, 23-VIII-1981 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Tlaltizapán: Yautepec , 7.3 mi S, 18.80105, -99.09742; 1011 m, 17-VIII-1962 , M. Naumann, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Tlaquiltenango: Huaxtla , 18.393314, -99.050249; 1160 m, 20-IX-2015 , I. Hinojosa, 3 ♀ ( CNIN). Sierra de Huautla, CEAMISH, Huatla , 2.5 km N, 4.0 km W, 18.44979, -99.03335; 1109 m, 7-IX-1996 , R. Brooks , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Yautepec: km 21, Autopista México-Cuautla , 18.93194, -99.02583; 1283 m, 15-III-1997 , I. Hinojosa, Jacaranda mimosifolia , 2 ♀ ( MZFC). Oaxtepec , 18.90637, -98.97026; 1379 m, 22-V-1989 , A. Rodríguez, 1 ♀; F. A. Noguera , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Yautepec , 4 mi. SW, 18.85786, -99.11771; 1250 m, 2-VII-1961 , C. D. Michener, 16 ♀ ( SEMC). Nayarit: Acaponeta : 22.50202, -105.35524; 31 m, 29-IX-1966 , G. E. Bohar, A. S. Bohart, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Río Quimichis , 22.36472, -105.54583; 7 m, 12-III-1981 , R. López , 3 ♀ ( MZFC). Bahía de Banderas: Punta Mita , 3 km S, 20.76028, -105.47487; 22 m, 28-II-1992 , D. Brzoska, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Compostela: Guayabitos 4 km E, 21.02696, -105.22536; 70 m, 16-VII-1989 , C. Cordero, 1 ♀ 1 ♂; S. Anaya , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). El Nayar: Tepic , 20 mi N, 21.80975, -104.87740; 344 m, 16-II-1974 , G. E. Bohart, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). San Blas : La Bajada, 21.50499, -105.15666; 193 m, 13-X-1979 , J. Llorente, 1 ♀, 8-XII-1980, M. T. Ortis , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). San Blas , 21.53333, -105.28333; 2 m, L. A. Navarrete: 30-III-1981 , 1 ♀; 19-X-1982, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). San Blas , 21.53333, -105.28333; 2 m, 11-III-1972 , F. D. Parker, D. Miller, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). San Blas 20 km S, 21.43396, -105.18722; 10 m, 7-IV-1994 , D. Yanega, 1 ♀; W.E. LaBerge , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). San Blas , 6 mi E, 21.53859, -105.20945; 60 m, 27-VIII-1959 , Menke & Stange, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Santa María del Oro, Santa Isabella, 9 mi NW, 21.27489, -104.6485; 1291 m, 10-III-1972 , F. D. Parker, D. Miller, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Tecuala: Acaponeta , 16 mi S, 22.28710, -105.27176; 45 m, 12-VIII-1963 , M. Naumann, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Tepic : La Yerba, 21.53167, -105.06167; 1067 m, 24-III-1982 , J. Llorente, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Reserva de Biosfera Sierra de San Juan , 21.51785, -104.97235; 1080 m, 20-X-2013 , 13:00 h, J. Mérida, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Sierra San Juan , 11-X-1989 , A. Cadena, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Tepic , 16 mi NW, 21.68103, -105.04519; 270 m, 19-VII-1953 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 3 ♀ ( SEMC). Tepic , 17 mi NW, 21.68103, -105.04519; 266 m, 23-XI-1948 , E. S. Ross, 1 ♂ ( BBSL). Venustiano Carranza , 21.52000, -104.98500; 1200 m, 24-XI-1980 , J. Llorente, 1 ♀; 23-III-1982, M. A. Luis, 4 ♀; 24-III-1982, M. A. Luis, 8 ♀; 25-III-1982, J. Llorente, 3 ♀; M. A. Luis , 1 ♀; 28-III-1982, M. A. Luis, 1 ♀; 20-IV-1982, A. López, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Xalisco: El Refilón, km 35 Carr. Tepic-Puerto Vallarta , 21.31667, - 104.90000; 902 m, 19-VIII-1982 , R. López , 4 ♀ ( MZFC). Oaxaca: Candelaria Loxicha: Candelaria Loxicha , 15.9205, -96.5070; 490 m, 20-XII-2013 , N. Arnold, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carretera a Pochutla , 15.97210, -96.48030; 1250 m, 3-V-2012 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Pluma Hidalgo: Cascada Mayor , 15.92584, -96.417702, 1341 m, O. Yañez: 19-IX-2007 , 1 ♀; 20-IX-2007, 3 ♀ ( MZFC). Pluma Hidalgo-Vereda de la Bomba de agua, 15.92584, - 96.417702; 1349 m, 18-IX-2007 , O. Yañez, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Ranchería San Isidro , 15.940394, -96.400701; 1296 m, 19-IX-2007 , O. Yañez, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Salina Cruz : 16.18608, -95.19235; 93 m, 7-IX-1965 , D. Janzen, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). San Dionisio del Mar : 16.33708, -94.76381; 7 m, 20-I-1992 , L. Godínez, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). San Gabriel Mixtepec : 16.11053, -97.06561; 718 m, 10-XII-2014 , 9:00 h, I. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Jacinto Tlacotepec : 16.51826, - 97.35996; 1129m, 13-XII-2018 , 10:35 h, I. Pérez, 1 ♀; P. Sagot , 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Juan Lajarcia: Carretera 190, 16.52987, -95.93127; 1110 m, 14-I-2016 , 14:50 h, P. Sagot, 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Miguel Chimalapa: Vista Hermosa , 16.67893, -94.79296; 140 m, 12-IV-2016 , 11:00 h, N. Arnold, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Pedro Comitancillo : 16.45254, -95.20089; 112 m, 15-XI-2018 , 9:20 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Pedro Mixtepec: Puerto Escondido , 15.87646, -97.10498; 10 m, 2-IX-1990 , L. Godínez, 3 ♀ ( SEMC). Puerto Escondido 10 km NW, 15.92442, - 97.14531; 12 m, 6-III-1989 , A. Rodríguez, 1 ♀; R. Ayala , 3 ♀ ( EBCH). San Pedro Pochutla: Puerto Ángel , 15.6643, -96.4883; 20 m, 9-III-1989 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Toltepec , 15.8764, -96.4445; 380 m, 3-IX-1987 , R. Barba , 1 ♀ ( CNIN). San Pedro Tututepec: Laguna Chacahua , 16.03333, -97.67444; 5 m, 20-VIII-1984 , J. J. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( MZFC). San Pedro Tututepec , 15.9671, -97.1921; 246 m, 18-XII-2018 , 11:45 h, O. Caballero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). San Pedro Tututepec , 15.9487, -97.2825; 64 m, 18-XII-2018 , 13:40 h, P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Santa Lucía Monteverde: Peña Flor de Clavo , 16.90850, -97.77870; - 976 m, 9-IX-2019 , E. Caballero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Santa María Colotepec : 15.86330, -97.00450; 24 m, 19-XII-2018 , 8:45 h, I. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Santa María Huatulco: Aeropuerto , 15.75778, -96.25673; 115 m, 8-I-2010 , P. Sagot, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Santa María Tonameca: carretera a Loxicha , 15.8054, -96.7603; 155 m, 20-XII-2018 , 9:25 h, I. Pérez, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Santa María Yucuhiti: San José Zaragoza-Miramar , 16.98825, -97.7924; 1604 m, 5-XI-2015 , I. Hinojosa, A. C. Martínez, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Santiago Niltepec : Microondas Los Tules, Niltepec , 16.50, -94.58; 44 m, 23-XI-1983 , R. Torres , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Santo Domingo de Morelos: 15.8756, -96.6941; 288 m, 20-XII-2018 , 11:25 h, I. Pérez, 2 ♀; O. Caballero , 1 ♀; P. Sagot , 2 ♀ ( ECOAB). Santo Domingo Tehuantepec: Tehuantepec , 16.31853, -95.24061; 44 m, 2-VII-1957 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Tehuantepec , 12 mi W, 16.29339, -95.41169; 404 m, 16-IX-1974 , G. E. Bohart, W. Hanson, 3 ♀ ( BBSL). Tehuantepec , 14 mi NW, 16.39868, -95.40926; 242 m, 26-VI-1961 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♂ ( SEMC). Tehuantepec , 17 km W, 16.34649, -95.39159; 176 m, D. Janzen , 3 ♀ ( SEMC). Santo Domingo Zanatepec : 16.46121, -94.23886; 196 m, 20-XII-2019 , 10:50 h, E. Gómez, 3 ♀; P. Sagot , 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). General Pascual Fuentes , 16.48069, -94.21259; 590 m, 10-IV-2016 , 10:00 h, L. Reyes, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Tapanatepec , 8 mi W, 16.45387, -94.26291; 122 m, 16-VII-1951 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Puebla: Acatlán : 9 mi NW, 18.22280, -98.12673; 1380 m, 13-VI-1953 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Chinantla: Tehuitzingo , 8 mi SE, 18.25606, -98.23040; 1202 m, 29-VI-1961 , Univ. of Kansas Mex. Exped . 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Huehuetlán el Grande: Bienes comunales, 18.75558, -98.17335; 1345 m, 2-IX-2018 , 9:25, L. Marín, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Casa Esmeralda , 18.74948, -98.17328; 1346 m, 3-I-2018 , L. Marín, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Izúcar de Matamoros : 7 km al SE de San Juan Raboso, 18.516, -98.412; 1483 m, 11-XI-2015 , 13:55 h, N. Brasero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Carr. Fed. Izúcar de Matamoros-Huajuapan de León , 18.45619, -98.37350; 1156 m, I. Hinojosa, 4-IX-1998 , 1 ♀. Xicotepec : La Ceiba, 20.390896, -97.877357; 239 m, 29-III-1956 , C. Bolivar, J. Ordoñez, 1 ♀ ( CNIN). Sinaloa: Badiraguato: Tameapa , 25.62674, -107.37219; 1058 m, 17-X-2013 , 10:35 h, J. Mérida, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Concordia: Copala, 18.5 km E on hwy 40, at Chirimoyos , 23.43750, -105.81194; 1587 m, 17-III-1990 , 3 ♀ ( SEMC). Mazatlán : 10 mi W Concordia, 23.28402, -106.22299; 24 m, 30-X-1965 , G. E. Bohart, A. S. Bohart, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Mazatlán , 23.22670, -106.40760; 15 m, 25-VIII-1976 , 2 ♀ ( BBSL). Villa Unión , 6 mi N, 23.27230, -106.21729; 21 m, 9-IX-1970 , W. J. Hanson, T. L. Whitworth , 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Veracruz: Acayucán : 17.94833, -94.91333; 108 m, 16-II-1954 , R. Dreisbach , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Actopan: Jose Cardel dunes, 20 km. N, 19.54961, -96.39262; 8 m, 7-XI-1991 , T. L. Griswold , 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Catemaco : 18.42212, -95.11384; 364 m, 6-IX-1974 , W. J. Hanson, G. E. Bohart, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Cotaxtla: Exp. Sta. Cotaxtla , 18.83354, -96.39402; 67 m, 3-IX-1962 , D. H. Janzen, 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Emiliano Zapata : 41 km SE Xalapa, 19.36085, -96.57331; 273 m, 7-IX-1991 , R. Ayala , 1 ♀ ( EBCH). Medellín de Bravo: Cotaxtla Experimental Station , 18.93274, -96.19205; 22 m, 5-VII-1962 , D. Janzen, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Teocelo: Barranca de Cayoapa Tejería , 19.37333, -96.92667; 993 m, 28-II-1981 , A. Garces, 1 ♂ ( MZFC). Teocelo , 19.3852, -96.97159; 1160 m, 21-III-1989 , I. Hinojosa, 1 ♀; O. López , 1 ♀ ( MZFC). Tierra Blanca: km 1.5 a Jícaro , 18.54472, - 96.25000; 49 m, 20-III-1989 , I. Hinojosa, 2 ♀; O. López , 2 ♀ ( MZFC). NICARAGUA: Granada: Reserva Domitila , 11.70833, -85.95333; 100 m, 8-VI-2002 , R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis , 1 ♀, 9-VI-2002, R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis , 1 ♀; 8.VI-2011, C.W.Shin, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Reserva Natural Volcán Mombacho , 11.84166, -85.98055; 1200 m, 2-VI-2002 , R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). San Carlos airstrip, 11.13361, -84.80416; 100 m, 1-VI-2002 , R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis , 2 ♀ ( SEMC). Rivas: Cárdenas: Miguel Ángel Soto , 11.19744, -85.66385; 195 m, 1-II-2016 , M. Calero, 4 ♀, R. Joyce , 1 ♂ ( ECOAB). San Juan del Sur: Hacienda la Flor , 11.14192, -85.78290; 16 m, 17-II-2016 , M. Calero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). Río Ostional , 11.12598, -85.74980; 22 m, 11-II-2016 , M. Calero, 1 ♀ ( ECOAB). PANAMÁ : 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Panamá: Canal Zone, Summit , 9.06516, - 79.64544; 90 m, 26-XI-1930 , H. Schwarz, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Chiriquí: Boquete : 8 km S, 8.69858, -82.45046; 820 m, 5-I-2012 , F. D. Parker, T. D. Mcintyre , 4 ♀ 1 ♂; 14-I-2012, F. D. Parker, T. D. Mcintyre , 1 ♀; 21-I-2012, F. D. Parker, T. D. Mcintyre , 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Boquete , 8.76667, -82.43333; 1061 m, 17-I-1981 , C. D. Michener, 2 ♀ ( SEMC). Gualaca: Jorge Arauz, 4 km N, IRHE Fortuna Station , 8.69999, -82.23333; 1200 m, 17-VI-1993 , S. Lingafelter, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Cocle: Penonomé : 8.54535, -80.35419; 103 m, 30-XI-1925 , 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Panamá: Old Panamá, 9.00805, -79.48488; 10 m, 15-III-1945 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀; 19-IV-1945, C. D. Michener, 2 ♀ ( SEMC). Panamá: Balboa, Albrook Field , 8.96984, -79.56218; 5 m, 24-X-1937 , L. Stannard, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Balboa , 8.95049, -79.56610; 5 m, 20-XII-1959 , W. J. Hanson, 1 ♀ ( BBSL). Cerro Azul, N. of Tecumén , 8.80000, -82.38333; 2180 m, 5-IX-1971 , N. Lee, 1 ♂ ( BBSL). Panamá City, 8.99861, -79.51073; 30 m, 10-V-1945 , C. D. Michener, 1 ♀ ( SEMC). Panamá Oeste: Chame : 8.57884, -79.87673; 18 m, 29-IV-1945 , C. D. Michener, 5 ♀ ( SEMC) .

Commentary. In areas where species of the frontalis group are sympatric, X. fimbriata may be confused with X. frontalis and X. nautlana , from which it may be distinguished as it presents frontal elevational characteristics, the prominences adjacent to the ocelli in the form of horns; males are distinguished because they do not present black integument on any of the terga of the metasoma.

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. Female of X. (N.) fimbriata. 1. Frontal view; 2. Lateral habitus; 3. Dorsal habitus; 4. Basitibial plate; 5. Scutellum

FIGURES 6–10. Male of X. (N.) fimbriata. 6. Frontal view; 7. Lateral habitus; 8. Dorsal habitus; 9. Hind tibia; 10. Metasoma

FIGURES 102–110. Male genitalia of Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) species. X. (N.) fimbriata 102. Dorsal view; 103. Lateral view; 104. Ventral view. X. (N.) frontalis 105. Dorsal view; 106. Lateral view; 107. Ventral view. X. (N.) nautlana 108. Dorsal view; 109. Lateral view; 110. Ventral view.

FIGURES 132–135. Maps of distribution. 132. X. (N.) fimbriata; 133. X. (N.) frontalis 134. X. (N.) nautlana; 135. X. (N.) ocellaris.