Casuarinicola australis Taylor

Taylor, Gary S., Austin, Andy D., Jennings, John T., Purcell, Matthew F. & Wheeler, Gregory S., 2010, Casuarinicola, a new genus of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Triozidae) from Casuarina (Casuarinaceae), Zootaxa 2601, pp. 1-27 : 4-13

Casuarinicola australis Taylor , sp. nov.

Figs 1–11 , Tables 1–8

Types. AUSTRALIA, New South Wales: Holotype: 1 ɗ (slide) Kingscliff, 28° 14.650S 153° 34.188E, GST, 16.viii.2006, swept from Casuarina equisetifolia , ABCL 2006 569 (ASCU). Paratypes: 23 ɗ, 16 Ψ (slide), 32 ɗ, 98 Ψ, 8 nymphs (spirit) same data as holotype (ANIC, ASCU, QMBA, WAM, WINC).

Other material examined. AUSTRALIA, New South Wales: from C. cristata : 5 Ψ 25 km NW Baradine ( WINC); 2 ɗ, 3 Ψ 80 km S Goondiwindi ( WINC); 3 ɗ, 3 Ψ 20 km NE Moree ( WINC); 2 Ψ 15 km SE Nyngan ( WINC); 5 ɗ, 7 Ψ 18 km E Nyngan ( WINC); 1 Ψ Trangie ( ANIC); 9 Ψ Trangie ( WINC); 8 Ψ 30 km N Warren ( WINC); from C. equisetifolia : 34 ɗ, 24 Ψ Ballina ( WINC); 78 ɗ, 75 Ψ, 6 nymphs Byron Bay ( WINC); 14 ɗ, 14 Ψ Cabarita Beach ( WINC); 33 ɗ, 45 Ψ, 6 nymphs Evans Head ( WINC); 1 Ψ Kingscliff ( WINC); from C.

glauca : 1 Ψ 4 km N Ballina ( WINC); 10 ɗ, 1 nymph Byron Bay ( WINC); 3 Ψ Kingscliff ( WINC); 6 ɗ, 7 Ψ Tweed Heads ( WINC); from C. pauper : 1 Ψ 10 km S Balranald ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 5 Ψ 100 km W Cobar ( WINC); 17 ɗ, 16 Ψ 143 km W Cobar ( WINC); 1 Ψ 170 km W Cobar ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ 25 km W Wilcannia ( WINC); 4 Ψ Springs Creek, 75 km W Wilcannia, ( WINC); 1 Ψ 95 km W Wilcannia ( WINC); host not recorded: 1Ψ 9 km SE Batemans Bay ( ANIC); 2Ψ Sydney, Berowa Ck ( ANIC); 1ɗ, 7Ψ, Clyde Mtn, Cabbage Tree Ck ( ANIC). Queensland: from C. cristata : 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ 10 km N Goondiwindi ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ 10 km E Inglewood ( WINC); from C. cunninghamiana : 2 ɗ Hope Island ( WINC); 2 ɗ Indooroopilly ( WINC); 5 ɗ, 3 Ψ 31 km S Rockhampton ( WINC); from C. equisetifolia : 7 ɗ, 9 Ψ Bargara ( WINC); 4 ɗ, 14 Ψ Bramston Beach ( WINC); 14 ɗ, 19 Ψ Caloundra ( WINC); 1 ɗ Cape Tribulation ( WINC); 1 Ψ Currumbin ( WINC); 3 Ψ Elliott Heads ( WINC); 2 Ψ Ellis Beach ( WINC); 4 ɗ, 6 Ψ Edmund Kennedy NP ( WINC); 1 Ψ Emu Point ( WINC); 15 ɗ, 29 Ψ Gladstone ( WINC); 9 ɗ, 21 Ψ Hervey Bay ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 3 Ψ Inskip Peninsula ( WINC); 5 ɗ, 1 Ψ Mission Beach ( WINC); 23 ɗ, 21 Ψ Mooloolaba ( WINC); 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ Peregian NP ( WINC); 3 ɗ, 12 Ψ Rainbow Beach ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ 20 km N Rainbow Beach ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 25 Ψ Noosa NP ( WINC); 25 ɗ, 40 Ψ, 1 nymph North Stradbroke Island ( WINC); 3 ɗ, 5 Ψ Paradise Point ( WINC); 20 ɗ, 45 Ψ, 1 nymph Redcliffe ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ Scarborough ( WINC); 21 ɗ, 26 Ψ Yeppoon ( WINC); from C. glauca : 13 ɗ, 19 Ψ Bargara ( WINC); 6 ɗ, 9 Ψ Esk ( WINC); 3 ɗ, 1 Ψ Gladstone ( WINC); 4 Ψ Keppel Bay ( WINC); 1 ɗ 1 km E Lowood ( WINC); 2 ɗ, 8 Ψ Noosaville ( WINC); 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ North Stradbroke Island ( WINC); 4 ɗ, 7 Ψ Nudgee ( WINC); 2 Ψ Paradise Point ( WINC); 3 Ψ 5 km N Raglan ( WINC); 8 ɗ, 16 Ψ 2 Tin Can Bay ( WINC). South Australia: from C. cristata : 39ɗ, 51Ψ Adelaide ( WINC); from C. cunninghamiana : 12 ɗ, 44 Ψ Adelaide ( WINC); from C. glauca : 2 ɗ Adelaide ( WINC); 20 ɗ, 21 Ψ, 1 nymph Burra ( WINC); 23 ɗ, 32 Ψ 4 km W Mt Barker summit ( WINC); from C. (?) glauca : 11 ɗ, 18 Ψ Adelaide ( WINC); from C. pauper : 1 Ψ 20 km NE Yunta ( WINC). Victoria: from C. cristata : 1 ɗ Panitya ( WINC); from C. pauper : 1 ɗ 2 km W Piangill ( WINC). Western Australia: from C. obesa : 2 Ψ, Australind ( WINC); 1 ɗ Denham ( WINC); 10 ɗ, 22 Ψ 28 km N Geraldton ( WINC); 3 ɗ, 4 Ψ 5 km N Green Head ( WINC); 25 ɗ, 19 Ψ, 3 nymphs Greenough River ( WINC); 2 Ψ, 1 nymph 8 km SE Gregory ( WINC); 14 ɗ, 22 Ψ Jurien Bay ( WINC); 1 Ψ 10 km N Mullewa ( WINC); 4 Ψ Murchison River ( WINC); 3 ɗ, 5 Ψ 15 km S Northampton ( WINC); 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ Peel Estuary ( WINC).

Description. Adult. Colour ( Figs 1–6 ): Male: general colour pale ochraceous with orange-brown to dark brown markings. Vertex with a brown marking in vicinity of fovea and thin dark longitudinal stripe along median suture; genal processes pale; antennal segments 1–2 ochraceous to brown; segment 3 yellow-brown; segments 4–10 dark brown to black; pronotum with a pair of orange submedial spots; mesopraescutum with a pair of broad triangular light orange-brown markings anteriorly; mesoscutum with a pair of light orangebrown longitudinal submedial stripes; mesoscutellum pale ochraceous; fore wing clear; legs pale ochraceous with dorsal dark brown longitudinal infuscation; tarsi dark brown to black; abdominal tergites dark brown; proctiger dark brown; subgenital plate and parameres dark brown to black. Female: as for male, except slightly paler; fore wing ( Fig. 5 ) with transverse dark brown to black markings in apical half: first anteriormost marking short, about half wing width reaching hind wing margin midway, second marking reaching hind wing margin near Cu1b and at radular areas of cell cu1 and at apical margin of wing just anterior of termination of Rs, and third marking reaching hind margin of wing near radular areas of cells m1 and m2 at apical margin of wing in cell r2; proctiger pale ochraceous merging to dark brown to black along apical margin and around circum-anal pore ring and at apex; subgenital plate pale ochraceous with a pair of brown markings laterally and dark brown towards apex.

Structure: measurements and ratios as in Tables 1–5. Antenna ( Fig. 7 ) short, 1.25–1.50 times width of head; genal processes short, conical, 0.38–0.50 times length of vertex; length of vertex 0.42–0.46 times width of head; anterior margin of vertex delineated by moderate ridge, vertex with prominent medial suture and prominent fovea; pronotum with prominent anterior medial node; fore wing elongate-oval with broadly rounded apex; Rs short, terminating well short of wing apex; vein M1+2 terminating little anterior of wing apex; cell m1 short, broad, m1 cell value 1.2–1.5; cell cu1 elongate triangular, cu1 cell value 0.7–0.9; male terminalia as in Figs 8–9 ; proctiger short with broad lateral expansions; parameres thin elongate, curved inward towards apex; female terminalia as in Fig. 10 ; proctiger short, with dorsal profile broadly rounded from lateral aspect, with broadly rounded flange-shaped lateral lobes.

Final instar nymph ( Fig. 11 ). As for generic description (see above). Measurements and ratios as in Tables 6–7 .

Etymology. From australis (Latin) , southern, austral; refers to distribution, Australia.

Distribution. Recorded from coastal and subcoastal eastern Australia from Cape Tribulation (Queensland) to near Sydney (New South Wales), inland New South Wales and South Australia, and subcoastal Western Australia from Denham to south of Perth ( Fig. 50 ).

Host plants. Recorded from C. cristata Miq. , C. cunninghamiana , C. equisetifolia , C. glauca , C. obesa Miq and C. pauper F.Muell. ex L.Johnson. Its most common host, C. equisetifolia (coastal sheoak) occurs as a 6–35 m tree along beaches and on rocky headlands along the coastlines of northern and north-eastern Australia, Madagascar, Burma to Vietnam, Malesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. There are two subspecies: subsp. equisetifolia , which occurs from near Darwin (NT) to Cairns (Qld), Burma through Malesia to Vietnam, Melanesia and Polynesia, and subsp. incana, which occurs from near Cairns to near Sydney (NSW), New Caledonia and southern Vanuatu ( Wilson & Johnson 1989). Casuarina obesa (swamp sheoak) grows in brackish or saline situations along rivers, salt lakes or estuaries in south-western Western Australia, excluding the extreme SW, and with a disjunct population from a few isolated localities in the Wimmera region of western Victoria ( Wilson & Johnson 1989). For C. cristata , refer to C. warrigalensis Taylor sp. nov., for C. cunninghamiana and C. glauca , refer to C. nigrimaculatus Taylor sp. nov., and for C. pauper , refer to C. mucronalatus Taylor sp. nov.

Comments. This species can be distinguished from all other species in the genus by the female having three incomplete black terminal bands in the fore wing. The male has clear wings. Casuarina australis sp. nov. has short conical genal processes (shared with C. nigrimaculatus sp. nov., C. mucronalatus sp. nov. and C. novacaledonica sp. nov., but differs from C. warrigalensis sp. nov. in which they are considerably shorter); the pronotum has a prominent median lobe (which is less prominent in C. nigrimaculatus sp. nov., C. mucronalatus sp. nov. and C. novacaledonica sp. nov. and weak and rounded in C. warrigalensis sp. nov.); the fore wing is elongate oval with a rounded apex, cell m1 is short and broad and cell cu1 is narrow and high, each with a low cell value (shared with C. nigrimaculatus sp. nov., C. novacaledonica sp. nov. and C. warrigalensis sp. nov., but differs from C. mucronalatus sp. nov. in which the fore wing has a subangular apex, cell m1 is long and narrow and cell cu1 is short and broad, each with a high cell value); and, the hind tibia is moderate in length with a moderate tibia length to head width ratio (shared with C. nigrimaculatus sp. nov. and C. mucronalatus sp. nov., but differs from C. novacaledonica sp. nov. with a short hind tibia and low length to head width ratio, and C. warrigalensis sp. nov. with a long hind tibia and high length to head width ratio). Casuarinicola australis sp. nov. occurs on all Australian species of Casuarina . It is the only species known from C. equisetifolia and C. obesa .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 7. Casuarinicola australis sp. nov. (1), habitus, female (dorsal aspect); (2), habitus, male (dorsal aspect); (3), habitus female (lateral aspect); (4), habitus male (lateral aspect); (5), fore wing, female; (6), fore wing, male; (7), head (dorsal aspect). Scale = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 8 – 11. Casuarinicola australis sp. nov. (8), male terminalia (lateral aspect); (9), paramere (inner face, lateral aspect); (10), female terminalia, (lateral aspect); (11), fifth (final) instar nymph (ventral aspect, left; dorsal aspect right). Scale = 0.2 mm Figs 8 – 10, 0.5 mm Fig. 11.

FIGURES 50 – 51. Distribution for Australian species of Casuarinicola gen. nov.: (50),, Casuarinicola australis sp. nov.; (51),, C. nigrimaculatus sp. nov.;, C. mucronalatus sp. nov.;, C. warrigalensis sp. nov.