A new species of Selatosomus Stephens and the occurrence of Pristilophus melancholicus (Fabricius) in China (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Dendrometrinae) Qiu, Lu Zootaxa 2018 4418 6 588 593 (Fabricius, 1798) Fabricius 1798 [151,699,1127,1154] Insecta Elateridae Pristilophus GBIF Animalia Coleoptera 3 591 Arthropoda species melancholicus  Chinese common name: 墨色古叩甲 For detailed citations see Tarnawski (1995)and Schimmel et al.(2015), herein only supplemental citations provided:  Selatosomus( Pristilophus) melancholicus tianshanicus: Kishii & Jiang 1999: 12; Cate et al.2007: 181.  Pristilophus melancholicus: Schimmel et al.2015: 41.     Materialexamined. CHINA: Xinjiang: 1 male, Nalati Town[那拉提镇], Xinyuan County[新源县],  1500m,  8.VI.2014, Lu-Yu Wanget Xuan-Kong Jiangleg.;  1 female, Banfanggou[板房沟], Nanshan[南山], Urumqi City[乌鲁木齐市],  1916m,  30.V.2014, Lu-Yu Wang et Xuan-Kong Jiangleg.  Inner Mongolia( Neimenggu): 1 male, Mt. Tianchishan[天池山],  Arxan ForestPark[阿尔山森林公园], Arxan City[阿尔山市], Hinggan League[兴安 盟],  1110m,  3.VII.2015, Gui-Qiang Huang leg. (all SWU).   Remarks. Kishii & Jiang (1999)first recorded this species in Northeast Inner Mongolia(Ganhe Town [甘河镇], in Hulun Buir City [呼伦贝尔市]) and North Xinjiang(Habahe County [哈巴河县] and Fuyun County [富蕴县]) and treated the recorded specimens as subspecies  S. m. tianshanicus; however, Schimmel et al.(2015)did not include the record. In this article, the specimens examined from Xinjiangand Inner Mongoliaconfirmed the occurrence of this species in China. The specimens from Xinjianghave a dark green metallic reflection on the elytra ( Fig. 3 A), the pronotum and abdomen are blackish brown ( Fig. 3 A–B), apex of the paramere has a small hook ( Fig. 3 C), the male ( 10.7 mm) is much smaller than the female ( 14.1 mm); while the specimen from Inner Mongoliashow some differences from the former, which has a green metallic reflection on the elytra and purple metallic reflection at the base of elytra ( Fig. 3 D), the pronotum and abdomen are black ( Fig. 3 D–E), apex of the paramere has a large hook ( Fig. 3 F), the male specimen is about 14.6 mm.   FIGURE 3.A–F.  Pristilophus melancholicus. A–C. male from Xinjiang: A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. aedeagus, ventral view. D–F. male from Inner mongolia: D. dorsal view; E. ventral view; F. aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars 2 mm for A–B, D–E; 0.5 mm for C and F. This species is widely distributed from Europe to the Russian Far East ( Kamchatka). Historically, there were many subspecies and variations, but only three subspecies are currently recognized ( Tarnawski 1995, Cate et al.2007). According to the previous studies ( Tarnawski 1995; Kishii & Jiang 1999; Schimmel et al.2015), the population from Xinjiangbelongs to  Pristilophus melancholicus tianshanicus; while the subspecies status of the population from Northeast Inner Mongolianeeds to be further confirmed, noting that the gap between the two localities measures more than 2,400 km( Fig. 4 B). Moreover, the only two specimens from Inner Mongolia( Kishii & Jiang 1999 and this study) show distinct difference in the hook of paramere (comparing with Figs. 3b and 3cshown in Kishii & Jiang (1999), the new material studied in this article has bigger hook in parameres). Since it’s a very widely distributed species, and because of the inadequate samples, it’s still difficult to verify the subspecies and clarify the variations of different populations.   Distribution.Europe, Caucasus, Siberia, China( Fig. 4 B), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. 1844423986 2014-06-08 Wang & Xuan-Kong Jiang China Xinyuan County 1500 Material Nalati Town 3 591 1 1 Xinjiang 1844423985 2014-05-30 2015-07-03 2014-05-30 Xuan-Kong Jiang & Arxan Forest Park & Arxan City & Hinggan League China Arxan Forest 1916 Banfanggou Mt. Tianchishan 3 591 2 1 1 Inner Mongolia