Mantis ( Acontistes ) supplicaria Burmeister, 1838 Mantis supplicaria , Charpentier, 1844 Stagmatoptera supplicaria , Saussure, 1871b Mantis precaria Linnaeus, 1758 de Stoll, 1787 Mantis hyalina De Geer, 1773 de Burmeister, 1838 Mantis flavipennis Audinet Serville, 1839 Stagmatoptera flavipennis , Giglio-Tos, 1914 Stagmatoptera abdominalis (Olivier, 1792) Werner, 1925a Taxonomic revision of Stagmatoptera Burmeister, 1838 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Stagmatopterinae) Rodrigues, Henrique Miranda Cancello, Eliana Marques Zootaxa 2016 4183 1 1 78 4ZGRJ Burmeister, 1838 Burmeister 1838 [151,706,1711,1737] Insecta Mantidae Stagmatoptera Animalia Mantodea 59 60 Arthropoda species supplicaria     Mantis( Acontistes) supplicaria Burmeister, 1838, p.542 (descr.).    Mantis supplicaria, Charpentier, 1844, p.303 (cit.).   Stagmatoptera supplicaria, Saussure, 1871b, p.94, t.1, f.11 (redesc.); Stål, 1877, p.72; Westwood, 1889, p.16 (cit.); Kirby, 1904, p.299 (cit.); Rehn, 1911, p.12, t. 5 f.5 (cit.); Giglio-Tos, 1914, p.26 (redesc.); Werner, 1925a, p.166 (cit.); Giglio-Tos, 1927, p.595 (redesc.); Terra, 1995, p.65 (cit.); Ehrmann, 2002. p.330 (cit.); Agudelo et al., 2007, p.126 (cit.); Ehrmann & Koçak, 2009, p.12 (cit.).   Mantis precaria Linnaeus, 1758de Stoll, 1787, p.51, t.17, f.62 (descr.); Saussure, 1869, p. 67 (cit.); Saussure, 1870, p. 232 (cit.)—misidentification.  =  Mantis hyalinaDe Geer, 1773 de Burmeister, 1838, p.532—misidentification (redesc.).  =  Mantis flavipennis Audinet Serville, 1839, p.182 (descr.); De Haan, 1842, p.74 (cit.).  =  Stagmatoptera flavipennis, Giglio-Tos, 1914, p.27 (redesc.); Giglio-Tos, 1927, p.595 (redesc.); Beier, 1930, p.31 (cit.); Terra, 1995, p.64 (cit.); Ehrmann, 2002, p.328 (cit.); Agudelo et al., 2007, p.125 (cit.); Ehrmann & Koçak, 2009, p.12 (cit.).   Stagmatoptera abdominalis(Olivier, 1792) Werner, 1925a, p.167 (redesc.); Jantsch, 1994, p.160, f.1-7 (redesc.)—misidentification.   Type: Unknown.  Type locality.Unknown.   Diagnosis.Spot on the stigma of males with a brown stripe and a small brown spot, spot on the stigma of the females a large oval spot almost reaching the margin of the discoidal area.   Redescription. Male—Antennomeres serrate. Prothorax slender, lateral margins slightly crenulated on the prozona, smooth on the metazona. Metazona with a weakly marked central keel ( Fig. 34F). Forecoxae with 5–11 large spines, which alternate with 0–11 smaller spines ( Fig. 36F). Forefemora slender, the first three discoidal spines black on their anterior surface; 15–16 anteroventral spines, usually 15, the first spine and all the large spines black on their anterior surface, the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th spines may present a small spot of the same coloration on their insertion, the 15th spine presents a large spot of the same coloration that extends to the femoral brush. Anterior femoral spot extending from the femoral groove to the 6th spine, rectangular, starting dark on the groove and fading towards the apex of the femora ( Fig. 38F). Foretibiae with 10–13 posteroventral spines, usually 12, and 13–17 anteroventral spines, usually 15; tibial spur and the spine before it black on their anterior surface, the tibiae have a black spot on the middle of their anterior surface ( Fig. 40F). Foretarsi with apical black spots on the anterior and posterior surface of the tarsomeres I to IV, and a basal black spot on the anterior surface of tarsomere I. Discoidal area of the forewings hyaline, or hyaline with a narrow opaque-green stripe anteriorly after the stigma. Spot on the stigma medium sized, with a distal brown stripe and a proximal brown spot. Hindwings completely hyaline ( Fig. 56A).   FIGURE 51.  Stagmatopteraspp., dorsal view photos of genital chamber floor (females). A,  Stagmatoptera pia; B,  S. precaria; C,  S. reimoseri; D,  S. septentrionalis; E,  S. supplicaria.   FIGURE 52.  Stagmatoptera precaria, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10mm.   FIGURE 53.  Stagmatoptera pumila, dorsal habitusand labels. Scale bar = 10mm.  Genitalia. Left phallomere longer than wide; sclerite L4B longer than wide; paaelongated, slightly dilated on the left side of its base, angled approximately 45° from the body axis, afterwards curving to the left, apex simple, directed ventrally ( Fig. 42F); pdashort, narrow, bent to the right, apex strongly sclerotized, tapered ( Fig. 45F); afashort, parallel to the body axis ( Fig. 43F), right margin smooth, slightly sinuous ( Fig. 44F), posterior apex tumid, rugged, sclerotized, with two projections, one on the right margin and the other apical, anterior apex bent to the right, margins sclerotized, tumid, without forming a groove ( Fig. 43F); loashort, bent to the right ( Fig. 43F); membrane adjacent to afaglabrous ( Fig. 43F). Right phallomere with the posterior apex angular; bmshort with a gentle expansion on the middle ( Fig. 46F);  piashort, strongly sclerotized ( Fig. 47F–48F); pvashort, sclerotized, rectangular apex ( Fig. 48F); anelongated, apex smoothly rounded ( Fig. 47F).  Measurements. Body length: 63.5–86.9; head width: 7.1–8.5; prozona length: 4–5.1; metazona length: 17.1–24.6; prothorax width: 4.6–6.1; forecoxae length: 11.8–15.1; forefemora length: 13.7–17.5; forefemora width: 2.4–3.3; foretibiae length: 6.5–8.8.   FIGURE 54.  Stagmatoptera reimoseri, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10mm.   FIGURE 55.  Stagmatoptera septentrionalis, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10mm.   FIGURE 56.  Stagmatoptera supplicaria, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10mm.  Ratios. Head/prothoracic-width: 1.3–1.77; metazona/prozona: 4.17–5.5; metazona length/prothoracic width: 3.9–5.05; metazona/forecoxae: 1.41–1.69; forefemora length/width: 5.24–6.33.  Female—Prothorax slender, lateral margins slightly crenulated. Metazona with a weakly marked central keel ( Fig. 35E). Forecoxae with 7–16 large spines, which alternate with 4–12 smaller spines ( Fig. 37E). Forefemora slender, the first three discoidal spines black on their anterior surface; 14–17 anteroventral spines, usually 15, the first spine and all the big spines black on their anterior surface, the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th spines may present a small spot of the same coloration on their insertion, the 15th spine presents a large spot of the same coloration that extends to the femoral brush. Anterior femoral spot extending from the femoral groove to the 6th spine, rectangular, starting dark on the groove and fading towards the apex of the femora ( Fig. 39E). Foretibiae with 11–12 posteroventral spines, and 14–17 anteroventral spines, usually 15; tibial spur and the spine before it black on their anterior surface, the tibiae have a black spot on the middle of their anterior surface ( Fig. 41E). Foretarsi with apical black spots on the anterior and outer surface of the tarsomeres I to IV, and a basal black spot on the anterior surface of tarsomere I. Spot on the stigma oval, large sized, almost reaching the margin of the discoidal area, with an anterior white spot, a proximal dark-brown spot and a postero-lateral light-brown spot. Costal area of the hindwings hyaline, discoidal and anal areas yellow, their margins hyaline with yellow stripes on the crossveins ( Fig. 56B).  Genitalia. Base of the gonapophysis VIII projecting inwards ( Fig. 49E); bvroughly triangular, internal margins dilated ( Fig. 49E), the inner surface sculpted ( Fig. 50E); ibsclerotized, sculpted ( Fig. 50E); peelongated, sclerotized, with smooth margins ( Fig. 50E); gssclerotized, smooth ( Fig. 51E); lsrectangular, posterior process short, conical ( Fig. 51E).  Measurements. Body length: 71.6–93.3; head width: 9.3–10; prozona length: 6–7.2; metazona length: 25.8–32.1; prothorax width: 6.5–8.4; forecoxae length: 17.3–20.2; forefemora length: 19.8–23; forefemora width: 3.8–4.5; foretibiae length: 9.1–11.1.  Ratios. Head/prothoracic-width: 1.19–1.45; metazona/prozona: 3.84–5.02; metazona length/prothoracic width: 3.6–4.65; metazona/forecoxae: 1.41–1.65; forefemora length/width: 5.07–5.85.   Remarks.  Stagmatoptera supplicariawas described by Burmeister (1838)based on the description and illustrations presented by Stoll (1787, 1813). Audinet-Serville (1839) described  S. flavipennisbased on the same description and illustrations. This situation prompted Kirby (1904)to synonymize both species under the name  S. supplicaria. However, Giglio-Tos (1914, 1927) disagreed with Kirby (1904)and distinguished both species on the basis of certain differences in the shape of the apex of the female forewings and the coloration of male forewings. After examining specimens attributed to both species we concluded that these differences are insufficent to warrant a separation into two different species. Therefore, we reinstate the synonymy first proposed by Kirby (1904).  Stagmatoptera supplicariaexhibits marked sexual dimorphism in the spot on the stigma and, like  S. binotata, it is widepread in the Amazon rainforest.   Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil( Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Para), Colombia, Ecuador,  French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago, Venezuela.     Examinedmaterial. BOLIVIA: Sara,  750m, J. SteinbachS.V., 1♀( ZMB).   BRAZIL: Hamburgo/ Magdalena[?],  800m, 1♀( ZMB);  Amazonas—Manaus,  11.vi.1976, J.M. Santos, 1♂( MCTP); Pará—H. de Saussure, 1♂ (MHNG).  Tucurui, Bagagem,  04.viii.1980, eq. Nunes de Mello, 1♂( INPA).   COLOMBIA: Alto Rio Opon, Santanderdel Sur,  1400m,  14.ii.1949, Prof Richter, 1♂( NHMW).  Alto Rio Opon, Santanderdel Sur,  800- 900m,  i.1950, Prof Richter, 1♀( NHMW). Upin, Südamerika, 1♂ (ZMB).   ECUADOR: Stat. rech. Yasuni, cflt. rios Tiputini/ Tivacuno, Napo, forêt de plateau/lisiéres,  05-15.ii.1995, S. Poulainrec., 1♂( MNHN).   FRENCH GUIANA: 1♀( ZMB). 2♀ (MHNG). [?] de Géographie, 1913, M. Guitton [?], 1♀ (MNHN). 1900-1901, 1♀ (MNHN).  Charvein,  ii.1914, R. Benoist, 1♀( MNHN). Maroni, 1903, F. Geay, 1♀ (MNHN). Nouveau Chantier, 2♀ (MNHN). [ Barrage] Petit Saut, lumière,  10.ii.1994, P.E. Roubrandt, 1♂( MNHN). Route de Kaw, PK33, ii.1985, G. Tavakilian rec., 1♂ (MNHN). Route de Régina, PK79, 15.ii.1994, L. & A. Sénégaux, 1♂ (MNHN). St- Jean-du-Maroni, iv-v.1914, R. Benoist, 1♀ (MNHN). St-Jean-du-Maroni, 1914, R. Benoist, 1♀ (MNHN).  St. Laurent du Maroni, 1♀( MNHN). St-Laurent-du-Maroni, v.1919, 1♂ (MNHN).  Station Saut Pararé, Réserve Naturelledes Nouragues,  40 m, Régina,  18.ix.2009, 1♂( MNHN).   PERU: Iquitos, [ Loreto],  12-16.viii.1988, Beaudouinleg., 1♂( MNHN).  Rio Ampiyacu, Loreto, 1♀( MNHN).   SURINAME: H. de Saussure, 1♀( MHNG). TRINIDAD & TOBAGO:  Trinidad, 1♂( ZMB).   VENEZUELA: Sawariapo, Alto Orinoco,  viii.1946, René Lichy, 1♂( MNHN).  Yavita, Amazonas,  ix.1947, René Lichy, 1♂( MNHN). 1324557855 [199,1152,1312,1337] ZMB J. Steinbach Bolivia 750 Sara Examined 68 69 1 1 1324557869 ZMB Brazil 800 Hamburgo 68 69 1 1 Hamburgo 1324557848 [565,1271,1348,1373] 1976-06-11 MCTP J. M. Santos Brazil Amazonas-Manaus 68 69 1 1 Hamburgo 1324557880 [424,1156,1384,1409] 1980-08-04 INPA Nunes de Mello Brazil Bagagem Tucurui 68 69 1 1 Hamburgo 1324557872 1949-02-14 NHMW Prof Richter Colombia Alto Rio Opon 1400 Sur Rio Opon 68 69 1 1 Santander 1324557877 1950-01 NHMW Prof Richter Colombia Alto Rio Opon 850 Sur Rio Opon 68 69 1 1 Santander 1324557870 1995-02-05 1995-02-15 1995-02-05 MNHN S. Poulain Ecuador Yasuni Tivacuno Tiputini 68 69 1 1 Napo 1324557879 ZMB French Guiana FRENCH GUIANA 68 69 1 1 1324557881 [271,773,1564,1589] 1914-02 MNHN R. Benoist French Guiana Charvein 68 69 1 1 1324557891 [321,1161,1600,1625] 1994-02-10 MNHN P. E. Roubrandt French Guiana Petit Saut Barrage 68 69 1 1 1324557899 MNHN French Guiana St. Laurent du Maroni 68 69 1 1 1324557894 2009-09-18 MNHN French Guiana Station Saut Parare 40 Nouragues Reserve Naturelle 68 69 1 1 1324557883 1988-08-12 1988-08-16 1988-08-12 MNHN Beaudouin Peru Iquitos 68 69 1 1 Loreto 1324557875 [498,919,1780,1805] MNHN Peru Rio Ampiyacu 68 69 1 1 Loreto 1324557895 [930,1433,1780,1805] MHNG H. de Saussure Suriname SURINAME 68 69 1 1 1324557887 [485,732,1816,1841] ZMB Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad 68 69 1 1 1324557890 1946-08 MNHN Rene Lichy Venezuela Alto Orinoco Sawariapo 68 69 1 1 1324557889 [389,997,1852,1877] 1947-09 MNHN Rene Lichy Venezuela Yavita 68 69 1 1 Amazonas