Mannophorus laetus LeConte 1854: 442 LeConte 1858: 40 Thomson 1864: 333 Gemminger and Harold 1872: 2940 Bates 1880: 82 Leng 1886b: 83 Aurivillius 1912: 473 Blackwelder 1946: 590 Vogt 1949: 178 Linsley 1962: 94 Chemsak and Linsley 1974: 182 Hovore and Giesbert 1976: 354 Hovore et al. 1978: 99 Hovore et al. 1987: 296 Chemsak et al. 1992: 84 Monné and Giesbert 1994: 146 Noguera and Chemsak 1996: 402 Linsley and Chemsak 1997: 394 Monné 2001: 71 Garcia Morales et al. 2014: 106 Gutierrez and Noguera 2015: 145 Mannophorus ferreus Bates 1880: 82 Lameere 1883a: 37 Aurivillius 1912: 473 Blackwelder 1946: 590 Chemsak 1967: 77 Sphenothecus cribellatus Bates 1892 Sphenothecus cribellatus Bates 1892: 179 Aurivillius 1912: 472 Blackwelder 1946: 589 Chemsak et al. 1992: 85 Monné and Giesbert 1994: 151 Noguera and Chemsak 1996: 403 Mannophorus laetus LeConte Mannophorus laetus LeConte Mannophorus laetus Sphenothecus cribellatus ( Bates 1892 ) Sphenothecus cribellatus Bates Ischnocnemis cribellatus Chemsak and Noguera 1998 Ischnocnemis cribellatus Chemsak and Noguera 1998: 12 Revision of trachyderines related to Sphaenothecus from North America with description of three new genera, and new species of Lophalia Casey, 1912, Mannophorus LeConte, 1854, and Ischnocnemis Thomson, 1864 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini) Eya, Bryan K. Insecta Mundi 2024 2024-07-26 2024 61 1 94 6R6J5 LeConte, 1854 LeConte. Lateral 1854 [192,642,1493,1523] Insecta Cerambycidae Mannophorus Animalia Coleoptera 37 36 Arthropoda species laetus  ( Fig. 139–163)      Mannophorus laetus LeConte 1854: 442;  LeConte 1858: 40(dist.);  Thomson 1864: 333;  Gemminger and Harold 1872: 2940(cat.);  Bates 1880: 82;  Leng 1886b: 83;  Aurivillius 1912: 473(cat.);  Blackwelder 1946: 590(cat.);  Vogt 1949: 178(biol.);  Linsley 1962: 94(biol.);  Chemsak and Linsley 1974: 182(syn.);  Hovore and Giesbert 1976: 354(biol.);  Hovore et al. 1978: 99(correction);  Hovore et al. 1987: 296(dist.);  Chemsak et al. 1992: 84(cat.);  Monné and Giesbert 1994: 146(cat.); Monné 1994: 32 (cat.);  Noguera and Chemsak 1996: 402(dist.);  Linsley and Chemsak 1997: 394(host);  Monné 2001: 71(host);  Garcia Morales et al. 2014: 106(dist.);  Gutierrez and Noguera 2015: 145(dist.).     Mannophorus ferreus Bates 1880: 82;  Lameere 1883a: 37(cat.);  Aurivillius 1912: 473(cat.);  Blackwelder 1946: 590(cat.);  Chemsak 1967: 77(lect.).    Sphenothecus cribellatus Bates 1892( new synonymy);   Sphenothecus cribellatus Bates 1892: 179;  Aurivillius 1912: 472(cat.);  Blackwelder 1946: 589(cat.);  Chemsak et al. 1992: 85(cat.); Monné 1994: 63 (cat.);  Monné and Giesbert 1994: 151(cat.);  Noguera and Chemsak 1996: 403(dist.).   Figures 139–151.  Mannophorus laetusLeContedorsal and lateral images: 139–146)  Mannophorus laetusLeConte: 139–140)Male, 14 mm, Nuevo León, MEX. 141–142)Female, 13 mm, Nuevo León, MEX. 143–144)Female, 15 mm, Duval Co., TX, USA. 145–146)Female, 14 mm, Nuevo León, MEX. 147–150)  Mannophorus laetus(i.e.,  Sphenothecus cribellatus( Bates 1892),  syn. nov.): 147–148)Male, 11 mm, Hidalgo, MEX. 149–150)Female, 12 mm, Querétaro, MEX. 151.  Sphenothecus cribellatusBates, female, holotype, (Xalapa or Jalapa), Veracruz, MEX ( Bezark 2024, id: 18510).    Ischnocnemis cribellatus Chemsak and Noguera 1998( new synonymy);   Ischnocnemis cribellatus Chemsak and Noguera 1998: 12   Redescription. Male:Length 10–15 mm. Formsmall, moderately robust, stout; integument black, aenescent-black or metallic bluish black, pronotum red with anterior and posterior margins black, occasionally with black maculae or disc all black, abdomen black to dark reddish brown, scutellum and elytra black to black with metallic bluish cast; each elytron with two glabrous, narrow, elevated, yellowish costae; punctation coarse, dense; pubescence short, obscure, suberect. Headsmall; vertex coarsely, densely, confluently punctate occasionally with vague impunctate line at middle between eyes; front coarsely, subconfluently punctate; postclypeus coarsely, irregularly punctate; antennal tubercles with apices angulate; genae short, anterior margin of lower eye lobes separated from base of mandible, integument nitid, sparsely irregular punctate to impunctate, beneath coarsely punctate; labrum finely punctate; pubescence, long, erect on vertex around upper eye lobes, antennal tubercles, dorsal anterior margins of genae, and labrum; mandibles with sides arcuate, pubescence sparse, depressed; antennae slender, exceeding elytral apices by two antennomeres; scape conical densely, deeply, contiguously punctate, clothed with short, suberect setae; antennomeres II–VI coarsely, densely, deeply punctate, pubescence short, depressed, remaining antennomeres minutely, densely punctate, densely covered with minute appressed pubescence with few longer, depressed setae at apices; antennomeres from IV vaguely carinate on outer and inner surface; antennomere III longer than I; IV shorter than III; V longer than III; VI, VII, VIII, IX subequal to V; X shorter than IX subequal to III; XI longest, apical four-fifth vaguely appendiculate. Pronotumwider than long (L/W: 0.85–0.92), sides rounded; disc convex, coarsely, densely, confluently punctate with erect setae; apex narrowly constricted, margin collared; basal margin lobed in middle, lateral constriction about as wide as third antennomere; proepisternal area rugulose, coarsely, contiguously punctate to alveolate punctate; prosternum with apical half transversely plicate, basal half rugulose, coarsely, confluently punctate, thinly clothed with pale setae longer than those on pronotum; mesosternum coarsely, contiguously punctate on sides, integument in middle depressed and sparsely punctate, pubescence long, suberect; mesepimera and mesepisterna finely, densely punctate, pubescence short, dense, appressed; metasternum with integument nitid, punctures coarse, dense, moderately clothed with depressed and suberect setae, integument in middle sparsely punctate; metepisterna densely clothed with appressed pubescence. Scutellumnitid, sparsely punctate. Elytra2.4–2.5 times as long as broad; each elytron with two raised, narrow glabrous costae, subsutural yellow costa not attaining apex, and submarginal yellow costa slightly shorter; integument between costae uniformly, coarsely, densely punctate over basal three-quarters, more finely punctate apically, punctures adjacent to suture finer than intervals between costae; pubescence sparse, short, suberect, setae denser, longer and depressed apically; apices separately rounded, occasionally truncate, suture minutely dentate or unarmed. Legsslender, femora slightly clavate, coarsely, densely punctate, dorsum sparsely clothed with short, depressed setae, inner surface clothed with pale, suberect setae; meso- and metafemora arcuate near base; metafemora falling far short of elytral apices; tibiae coarsely, deeply, contiguously punctate, clothed with short, depressed setae; protibiae with inner surface densely clothed with short, depressed, pale pubescence; metatarsomere I subequal to or slightly shorter than tarsomeres II and III combined. Abdomenfinely, discretely punctate in middle, sparsely clothed with pale, depressed setae, sides more finely, densely, contiguously punctate, densely clothed with appressed setae; apex of last sternite narrowly truncate.   Figures 152–163.  Mannophorus laetusLeConte, head, pronotum, thorax and elytral apices: 152–155, 160, 162)  M. laetusLeConte. 156–159, 161, 163)  M. laetus(i.e.,  Sphenothecus cribellatus( Bates, 1892),  syn. nov.). Head: 152, 156)Front short, mandibles arcuate at sides (blue arrow). 153, 157)Lateral profile with dorsal half of genae broad (red arrow) with lower eye lobes well separated from mandibles, apical margin of pronotum with collar-like projection laterally (yellow arrow), posterior-lateral margin of lower eye lobe emarginate (green arrow). 154, 158)Frontolateral profile with front declivous in middle, and antennal tubercles divergent, each side of frontoclypeal sulcus (yellow arrow) with small, deep pit (red arrow), apical margin of pronotum elevated (green arrow), narrowly constricted behind. Pronotum: 155, 159)Apical margin with collarlike projection on sides (red arrow), base margined and more broadly constricted on sides (blue arrow), disc with sides evenly rounded. Thorax lateral image: 160, 161)Pronotal disc convex, and mesosternum non-protuberant (red arrow). Elytra: 162, 163)Each elytron with two ivory vittae and apices rounded.  Female:Length 9–15 mm. Form slightly more robust than male, parallel-sided; color of integument same as in male, occasionally with pronotum reddish and elytra all black, or pronotum and elytra all black with metallic bluish cast (e.g.,  Mannophorus ferreusBates). Prosternum with basal half coarsely, contiguously, striate-punctate. Antennae shorter than body. Abdomen with apex of last sternite broadly truncate.   Materials examined.  USA:  Texas: Starr Co., 6–14 mi. E. El Sauz,  12 Oct. 1977, J.B. Wappes( 1 male, BKEC);  Duval Co.  3 m N. Freer,  24 Sept. 1995, Wappes, Morris( 1 female, BKEC);  Live Oak Co. 10 mi. S. George West,  10 Oct. 1971, B.A. Tilden( 1 male, BKEC).  MEXICO:  Nuevo León: 19 kmW. Linares, Hwy58,  19 Oct. 2004, B.K. Eya( 1 males, BKEC),  22 Oct. 2004, B.K. Eya( 1 males, 4 females, BKEC);  54 km W. Linares, Hwy58,  19 Oct. 2004, B.K. Eya( 1 female, BKEC);  5 mi.W. Dr. Arroyo,  23 Sept. 1976, 6200′, J.A. Chemsak, J. Powell, A. and M. Michelbacher( 1 male, BKEC);  3 mi.E. Galeana Jct.6000′,  15 Sept. 1976 J.A. Chemsak, J. Powell, A. and M. Michelbacher( 2 males, 1 female, BKEC);  4 mi. W. Iturbide, 5500′,  22 Sept. 1975, J. Powell, J. Chemsak, T. Friedlander on  Selloa glutinosa( 1 female, BKEC);  Carr. Linares-Iturbide, km 10–14,  4 Nov. 1982, J. Flores( 2 females, EMEC);  Carr. Linares-Iturbide, km 10–15,  4 Nov. 1982, J. Flores( 1 male, 1 female, EMEC). Tamaulipas: 32 kmNE. Juamave, Balcon de Chihue,  25 Oct. 2004, B.K. Eya( 1 male, BKEC). Querétaro: 3–5 km E. La Sierra, 41 km E. Jalpan,  27 Oct. 2004, B.K. Eya( 1 male, 1 female, BKEC);  41–48 km E. Jalpan, Hwy120,  La Sierra,  28 Oct. 2004, B.K. Eya( 6 males, 7 females, BKEC). Hidalgo: 3 mi E. Zimapan, 6200′,  28 Sept. 1975, J. Powell, J. Chemsak, T. Friedlander on  Zaluxania augusta( 1 female, BKEC). Querétaro: km 8, Tilaco-Santa Inez Rd.,  13 Oct. 1998, Chemsakand Barrera( 10 males, 8 females, EMEC);  Rd.to Bucareli, S of Jalpan,  14 Oct. 1998, Chemsakand Barrera( 1 female, EMEC).  Hidalgo:  14 miS Jacala, 6800′  28 Sept. 1975, J. Powell, J. Chemsak, and Friedlander,  cribellatusBates, det. J.A. Chemsak( 1 male, EMEC);   3 miE Zimapan, 6200′,  28 Sept. 1975, J. Powell, J. Chemsak, and Friedlander, on  Zaluzania augusta( 1 male, EMEC);   14 miS Jacala, 6800′,  28 Sept. 1975, J. Powell, J. Chemsak, and Friedlander( 1 male, EMEC).   Discussion.According to LeConte (1854: 442),  Mannophorus laetusis characterized by the “very curious acute collar which surrounds the apex of the thorax, and which projects very conspicuously at the sides.” LeConte and Horn (1883: 299)and LeConte (1873: 314)further characterizes this species as having a front that is “short, declivous, and not abruptly defined on each side,” apex of “prothorax margined, mesosternum declivous,” and each elytron with “two ivory vittae.”   Ischnocnemis cribellatus( Bates, 1892)or  Sphenothecus cribellatusBatesis synonymous with  M. laetusLeConteand is a color variant of  M. laetus( new synonymy). Chemsak and Noguera (1998: 12)in their review of the genus  Sphaenothecusprovisionally moved  S. cribellatusBatesalong with  S. luteicollisBates(i.e.,  Lophaliamorpha luteicollis(Bates),  new combination) as new combinations to  Ischnocnemisstating that further study will be needed “to determine the validity of the reassignment.” Examination of  Ischnocnemis cribellatusfrom Hidalgoand Querétaro, Mexico, and  M. laetusfrom Texas did not reveal any difference in their external morphology, except for the color of integument.  Ischnocnemis cribellatus(Bates)has the same characteristics found in  M. laetus, which include: pronotum with disc that is densely, contiguously punctate, and the anterior margin with acute collar-like lateral projection (Fig, 155, 159); front that is declivous with antennal tubercles divergent and moderately prominent; first metatarsomere that is subequal to or shorter than the following two tarsomeres; and antennae that are short, especially in females, which do not exceed the apices of elytra. The density of pubescence, especially on the antennae and ventral surfaces is variable in  M. laetus. According to Bates (1892: 179),  S. cribellatusis dark blue, densely punctate, and densely pubescence with elongate, erect setae intermixed. Elytra on either side are two, elevated, yellowish, smooth vittae. The inner vittae with yellow margins are straight almost reaching the apices, and outer vittae are slightly shorter posteriorly. Head and base of antennae are densely, confluently punctate. Thorax is densely, subalveolate punctate, slightly rounded and dilated from base and narrowed to apex. Elytra are bright blue with interspace between costate densely but discretely, fairly, coarsely, evenly punctate, and apices are obtuse, flexuous-truncate with external angle rounded. The sternum is dark blue green, densely punctate and pubescent. Mesosternum is convex but not prominent. The antennae of female are much shorter than body. The length is 12 mm, based on single female example. Habitat reported by Bates is Mexico, Jalapa.   Mannophorus laetusranges in distribution from USA, Texas down to southeastern Mexico, which include Nuevo León, Hidalgo, Querétaro, and further south to Tabasco(Jalapa). Specimens from Texas to Nuevo Leónare the typical “  M. laetusform” with dark margined red pronotum and elytra with two ivory vittae or elytra all black, or integument all aenescent-black as in female, i.e., “  M. ferreusform.” Further south into Hidalgo, Querétaro, Veracruz, and Tabascothe “  M. cribellatusform” with dark bluish integument, and elytra with two ivory vittae and yellowish apically margins are more prevalent. The etymology for the species name “ laetus” is not provided by LeConte; however, in Latin “ laetus” means “cheerful,” which may be referring to the bright red cheerful color of the pronotum as in the cheerful buttercup,  Ranunculus laetus, with a bright yellow flowerhead. [432,1363,540,567] 1977-10-12 BKEC E. El Sauz & J. B. Wappes United States of America Starr Co. Starr Co. 40 39 1 1 Texas 1995-09-24 BKEC N. Freer & Wappes & Morris United States of America Duval Co. 3 Duval Co. 40 39 1 1 1971-10-10 BKEC S. George West & B. A. Tilden United States of America Live Oak Co. Live Oak Co. 40 39 1 1 2004-10-19 2004-10-22 2004-10-19 BKEC B. K. Eya Mexico Hwy Linares 40 39 6 4 2 Nuevo Leon 2004-10-19 BKEC W. Linares & B. K. Eya Mexico Hwy 40 39 1 1 1976-09-23 BKEC J. A. Chemsak & Powell & A. and M. Michelbacher Mexico Dr. Arroyo 40 39 1 1 1976-09-15 BKEC J. A. Chemsak & Powell & A. and M. Michelbacher Mexico Galeana Jct. 40 39 3 1 2 1975-09-22 BKEC W. Iturbide & J. Powell & J. Chemsak & Friedlander Mexico 40 39 1 1 [514,1371,775,802] 1982-11-04 EMEC Indonesia Carr. Linares-Iturbide 40 39 2 2 1982-11-04 2004-10-27 1982-11-04 EMEC, BKEC de Chihue & B. K. Eya & E. La Sierra & E. Jalpan Indonesia Carr. Linares-Iturbide Jalpan Balcon de Chihue 40 39 5 2 3 1975-09-28 2004-10-28 1975-09-28 BKEC, EMEC E. Jalpan & La Sierra & B. K. Eya & E. Zimapan & J. Powell & J. Chemsak & T. Friedlander & Chemsak & Barrera Mexico Jalpan La Sierra Hwy 40 39 32 16 16 1975-09-28 1998-10-14 1975-09-28 EMEC Chemsak & Barrera & J. Powell & J. Chemsak & Friedlander Mexico Rd. J. A. Chemsak Hidalgo Bucareli 40 39 2 1 1 1975-09-28 EMEC J. Powell & J. Chemsak & Friedlander Mexico 3 mi E Zimapan 40 39 1 1 1975-09-28 EMEC J. Powell & J. Chemsak & Friedlander Mexico 14 mi S Jacala 40 39 1 1