New dendrochirotid sea cucumbers from northern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) P. Mark O’Loughlin Melanie Mackenzie Didier Vandenspiegel Memoirs of Museum Victoria 2014 2014-12-31 72 5 23 3YCD9 O'Loughlin P. Mark O’Loughlin & Melanie Mackenzie & Didier Vandenspiegel 2014 [809,1145,231,254] Holothuroidea Phyllophoridae Massinium GBIF Animalia Dendrochirotida 8 13 Echinodermata species keesingi sp. nov.   Figures 7, 8, key.     Materialexamined. Holotype. NW Australia, Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, Kimberley region, off King George River, 13.85°S 127.29°E, RV  Solander, large epibenthic sled,  45 m, J. Keesing,  6 Jun 2013, NMVF203008 (KGR lot 23324; UF tissue lot MOLAF1458).   Description. Form sub-spherical, 40 mmlong (preserved), mouth anterior dorsal, anus posterior dorsal, slightly developed oral and anal cones (preserved); firm leathery body wall; tube feet scattered over body, withdrawn, sparse dorsally, more numerous ventrally, diameters about 0.2 mm; 20 dendritic tentacles, 5 pairs large in an outer ring, 5 pairs very small in an inner ring (proximal circum-oral); calcareous ring long, tubular, composite; radial plates blunt anteriorly with 2 lateral small notches and deeper central notch, most of radial plates with long median un-calcified section; inter-radial plates pointed anteriorly, small oval un-calcified section posteriorly; 1 polian vesicle; gonad tubules long, branched; respiratory trees extending the length of the coelom.  Figure 5. Photos of live and preserved specimens of  Massinium bonapartumO’Loughlin sp. nov.A, dorsal view of live holotype specimen (WAM Z27860); B, lateral view of preserved paratype (NMV F202985, 43 mm long); insert with photo of the calcareous ring of the paratype; C, dorsal view of preserved holotype (30 mm long); insert with sketch of the calcareous ring of the holotype; D, ventral view of the preserved holotype. Ossicles in mid-body wall tables only, sparse, scattered, tables abundant in oral disc and peri-anally; table discs oval to round, variable sizes, up to 90 µm long, margin smooth or slightly undulating, not spinous, 4 large central perforations, variable number of smaller outer perforations, some very small; spires rare or reduced, if present 1 or 2 pillars, spires up to half disc length long, few short spines apically. Oral disc with rods as in tentacles and abundant tables with multiperforate discs and predominantly single pillar spires, discs oval to sub-rectangular, 4 large central perforations, numerous smaller outer perforations, discs up to 96 µm long, spires with 1 or 2 pillars, few short apical spines, length about half disc length. Tube feet with endplates, diameters about 150 µm, lacking support ossicles. Tentacles with rod ossicles only, up to 90 µm long, smooth, ends widened with few perforations and denticulate margin. Rosette ossicles not observed in tentacles or oral disc or body wall.  Figure 6. SEM images of ossicles from the holotype of  Massinium bonapartumO’Loughlin sp. nov.(WAM Z27860). A, mid-dorsal body wall tables, spires short with fused pillars (scale bars 20 µm); B, peri-anal body wall scale fragment (bottom right, scale bar 50 µm), and irregular tables with 2 discrete or fused pillars (scale bars 20 µm); C, mid-ventral body wall tables (scale bars 20 µm), and fragment of endplate with thickened margin (scale bar 50 µm); D, tentacle rods and rosette-like rod (scale bars 10 µm); E, oral disc tables, table discs irregularly oval with many perforations, spires with 2 pillars partly fused and with long splayed distal spines (scale bars 20 µm). Colour preserved off-white; tube feet pale brown.   Distribution. NW Australia, Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, Kimberley region, off King George River,  45 m.   Etymology. Named  keesingifor John Keesing (CSIRO), the leader of the King George River Expedition, with appreciation of John’s gracious and helpful collaboration in our work with the sea cucumber collection.   Remarks. A distinctive character of  Massinium keesingiO’Loughlin sp. nov.is the frequent presence of table spires with a single pillar. We observed the five pairs of small tentacles to be in an inner ring.  Massinium keesingi sp. nov.is distinguished from other species in the genus by the combination of morphological characters as detailed in the key. 1851456619 2013-06-06 NMV Solander & J. Keesing Australia King George River 45 -13.85 Material 774 127.29 Kimberley region 8 13 MOLAF1458 1 holotype