Seven new species of the spider genus Matta Crosby from caves in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Araneae, Tetrablemmidae)
Brescovit, Antonio D.
Cizauskas, Igor
Zootaxa
2019
2019-02-21
4559
3
401
444
3YF6X
Brescovit & Cizauskas, 2019
Brescovit & Cizauskas
2019
[151,332,367,393]
Arachnida
Tetrablemmidae
Matta
GBIF
Animalia
Araneae
10
411
Arthropoda
species
pititinha
sp. nov.
Figures 6̄9, 30B. Types.Male holotypefrom Cave HOL_014 ( 44°03'54"W, 21°10'58"S) and female paratypefrom Cave HOL_020 ( 44°03'59"W, 21°11'06"S), Prados, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 13-16/III/2017, Eq. Spelayon et al. col., deposited in IBSP 196139 and IBSP 196140, respectively.
Other material examined. Brazil. Minas Gerais: Prados, CaveHOL_017 ( 44°03'55"W, 21°11'04"S), 13-16/ III/2017, Eq. Spelayon et al. col., 1♂( IBSP 196141; photo); CaveHOL_020 ( 44°03'59"W, 21°11'06"S), 13-16/III/ 2017, Eq. Spelayon et al. col., 1♀( IBSP 196142; photo); CaveHOL_020 (7657089 596891), 19-26/IX/2017, 1♂ 1♀( IBSP 196145— SEM ♂ ♀); CaveS3_HOL_004 ( 44°3'55''W 21°11'4''S), 22-30/VII/2014, 1♂( IBSP 186367); CaveS3_HOL_003 ( 44°3'55''W 21°11'4''S), 22-30/VII/2014, 1♀( IBSP 186368); CaveS3_HOL_002 ( 44°03'56"W, 21°11'04"S), 22-30/VII/2014, 1♀( IBSP 186369); CaveS3_HOL_021 ( 44°3'53''W 21°11'1''S), 22- 30/VII/2014, 1♀( IBSP 186370); CaveS2_HOL_008 ( 44°3'54''W 21°10'58''S), 22-30/VII/2014, 1♀( IBSP 186371); CaveHOL_021 ( 19-26/IX/2017), 1♂ 1♀( IBSP 196143); CaveHOL_025 (7657253 597004), 19-26/IX/ 2017, 1♀( IBSP 196144); CaveHOL_016 (7657150 597014), 19-26/IX/2017, 1♀( IBSP 196146), all collected by Eq. Spelayon; Conceição do Mato Dentro, Cave SERP_0135 ( 43°23'21''W 19°2'42''S), 04/XII/2013, M.T.M. Souzacol., 1♀( IBSP 186379); Morro do Pilar, Cave SERP_0043 ( 43°15'49''W 19°11'0''S), 31/VIII/20 13, 1♀( IBSP 186380); Cave SERP_0050 ( 43°23'20"W, 19°02'08"S), 2013, 1♀( IBSP 186381); Cave SERP_0013 ( 43°20'34''W 19°5'55''S), VII/2013, 1♀( IBSP 186382), all collected by L.G.S. Soarescol.; Santo Antônio do Rio Abaixo, Cave SERP_0032 ( 43°16'31''W 19°9'58''S), 06/VII/2013, L.G.S. Soarescol., 1♂( IBSP 186378).
Etymology.The specific name is a noun in apposition that refers to an interjection used by people who live in the Brazilian State of Minas Geraismeaning “very small”, being the smallest described species of this genus.
Diagnosis. Matta pititinhais distinguished from other Mattaspecies by having a combination of males with a retrolateral projection on leg I consisting of four conspicuous setae in large sockets ( Fig. 7ĒF) and an oval dorsal fold of the uterus externus in females ( Fig. 6F).
Description. Male( holotype, cave HOL_14, Barroso, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Cephalothorax and abdomen orange. Legs and palps yellow. Total length 0.96. Carapace projected, 0.42 long, 0.37 wide, with rugose surface ( Figs 6A, 7ĀD). Sternal surface reticulate ( Fig. 7D). Clypeus long, oblique, four times the diameter of the vestigial eyes ( Fig. 7D). Two vestigial frontal eyes ( Fig. 7A, D). Cheliceral apophysis short and rounded, with long hairs and translucent median lamina ( Fig. 7ĀD). Leg measurements: I—femur 0.26/ patella 0.11/ tibia 0.24/ metatarsus 0.13/ tarsus 0.22/ total 0.96; II—0.22/ 0.1/ 0.22/ 0.12/ 0.2/ 0.86; III—0.18/ 0.08/ 0.2/ 0.11/ 0.17/ 0.74; IV—0.36/ 0.11/ 0.31/ 0.19/ 0.21/ 1.18. Leg formula 4123. Leg I, spination absent; metatarsus narrowed at base ( Fig. 7E). Abdomenovoid, large sclerotized plate covering dorsal surface ( Figs. 6A, 8H); ventrally covered by four sclerotized plates. Abdominal plates:large pulmonary plate with rounded anterior margin, surrounding pedicel and bearing oval book-lung plates, followed posteriorly by narrow and suboval postgenital plate, rectangular preanal plate, and conical anal plate surrounding spinnerets; laterally with four pairs of narrow plates, most ventral pair very short than others ( Fig. 8H), and a line of the four epiandrous spigots. Male palp:femur with three long setae, with median short and projected salient plates ( Fig. 8G); tibia strongly swollen, rounded posteriorly; cymbium small; bulbus pear-shaped, with conductor with elevated border in the retrolateral side, involving the base of the long and sinuous embolus, enlarged at apex, with acute and coiled basally laminar projection ( Figs 6B̄C, 8A–F). Female( Paratype; HOL_020, Barroso, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Coloration pattern as in male, except legs orange ( Fig. 6D). Total length 1.11. Carapace as in male ( Fig. 9ĀB), 0.43 long, 0.37 wide. Clypeus and sternum as in male. Eyes as in male. Chelicerae as in male and with inconspicuous apophysis ( Fig. 9A, C). Endites and labium as in male. Leg measurements: I—femur 0.34/ patella 0.12/ tibia 0.26/ metatarsus 0.17/ tarsus 0.21/ total 1.1; II— 0.28/ 0.11/ 0.23/ 0.16/ 0.24/ 1.02; III—0.27/ 0.1/ 0.2/ 0.16/ 0.21/ 0.94; IV—0.38/ 0.11/ 0.33/ 0.21/ 0.28/ 1.31. FIGURE 6. Matta pititinha sp. n., male IBSP 196141 ( A–C), female IBSP 196142 ( D–F) Ahabitus, dorsal view Bleft male palp, retrolateral view Csame, prolateral view Dhabitus, dorsal view Eabdomen, vulva, ventral view Fsame, dorsal view cleared. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (F). FIGURE 7. Matta pititinha sp. n., male IBSP 196145 ( A–F), Acarapace, frontal view Bchelicerae, details, frontal view Csame, lateral view Dcarapace, lateral view Eleg I, retrolateral view Fsame, prolateral view. FIGURE 8. Matta pititinha sp. n., male palp, IBSP 196145 ( A–F), Aprolateral view Bdetail, prolateral view Cretro-ventral view Ddetail, retro-ventral view Edetail, retrolateral view Fdetail, frontal view G tibiae, dorsal view H abdomen, lateral view. FIGURE 9. Matta pititinha sp. n., male IBSP 196145 ( A–F), Acarapace, frontal view Bsame, lateral view Cchelicerae, frontal view Dpedipalp, distal area Eabdomen, lateral view Fvulva, ventral view. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination absent. Pedipalpal tarsus ending in acuminate, smooth pit ( Fig. 9D). Abdomenwith plates as in males ( Fig. 9E). Vulvae externally with ᴗ-shaped receptacle, visible by transparency ( Fig. 9F); narrow post genital plate and thin copulatory opening ( Fig. 6E). Internally with straight receptaculum and copulatory ducts; central process narrow, with half the length of the receptaculum ( Fig. 6F). Natural history. Matta pititinha sp. n.has morphological characteristics (ocular reduction/vestigial eyes) consistent with isolation to a subterranean environment, and we hypothesize that this species is a troglobite. Specimens were only found in the aphotic regions of caves among mixed lithological formations of iron and carbonate.
Distribution.Known from caves in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil( Fig. 30B).
2234226667
2017-03-13
2017-03-16
2017-03-13
IBSP
Eq. Spelayon
Brazil
-21.184444
Cave
21
-44.065277
Prados
10
411
IBSP 196141
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226686
2017-03-13
2017-03-16
2017-03-13
IBSP
Eq. Spelayon
Brazil
-21.185
Cave
21
-44.066387
10
411
IBSP 196142
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226490
2017-09-19
2017-09-26
2017-09-19
SEM
Brazil
Cave
10
411
IBSP 196145
4
2
2
Minas Gerais
2234226603
[521,1432,690,715]
2014-07-22
2014-07-30
2014-07-22
IBSP
Brazil
-21.184444
Cave
21
-44.065277
10
411
IBSP 186367
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226739
[151,1170,726,751]
2014-07-22
2014-07-30
2014-07-22
IBSP
Brazil
-21.184444
Cave
21
-44.065277
10
411
IBSP 186368
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226547
2014-07-22
2014-07-30
2014-07-22
IBSP
Brazil
-21.184444
Cave
21
-44.065556
10
411
IBSP 186369
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226704
2014-07-22
2014-07-30
2014-07-22
IBSP
Brazil
-21.18361
Cave
21
-44.06472
10
411
IBSP 186370
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226738
2014-07-22
2014-07-30
2014-07-22
IBSP
Brazil
-21.182777
Cave
21
-44.065
10
411
IBSP 186371
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226479
[260,904,834,859]
2017-09-19
2017-09-26
2017-09-19
IBSP
Brazil
Cave
10
411
IBSP 196143
2
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226713
2017-09-19
2017-09-26
2017-09-19
IBSP
Brazil
Cave
10
411
IBSP 196144
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226614
[448,1252,870,895]
2017-09-19
2017-09-26
2017-09-19
IBSP
Brazil
Cave
10
411
IBSP 196146
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226747
2013-12-04
SERP
Eq. Spelayon & M. T. M. Souza
Brazil
-19.045
Cave
21
-43.389168
Conceicao do Mato Dentro
10
411
IBSP 186379
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226733
1931-08-02
SERP
Brazil
-19.183332
Cave
21
-43.26361
Morro do Pilar
10
411
IBSP 186380
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226588
[260,1067,978,1003]
SERP
Brazil
-19.035555
Cave
21
-43.38889
10
411
IBSP 186381
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226536
2013-07
SERP
Brazil
-19.098612
Cave
21
-43.342777
10
411
IBSP 186382
1
1
Minas Gerais
2234226778
2013-07-06
SERP
L. G. S. Soares
Brazil
-19.166111
Cave
21
-43.275276
Santo Antonio do Rio Abaixo
10
411
IBSP 186378
1
1
Minas Gerais