Navás, 1912: 68 Neuroleon modestus Navás, 1912 Hölzel & Ohm, 1983: 243 Review of Neuroleon Navás of West Africa with descriptions of four new species (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae) Michel, Bruno Akoudjin, Massouroudini Zootaxa 2012 2012-10-17 3519 32 52 6RYGJ Navas, 1912 Navas 1912 [151,575,1159,1185] Insecta Myrmeleontidae Neuroleon Animalia Neuroptera 7 39 Arthropoda species modestus     Nelees modestus  Navás, 1912: 68.    Neuroleon modestus Navás, 1912: Krivokhatsky 1996(new combination)   Neuroleon sociorum  Hölzel & Ohm, 1983: 243,  syn. nov.   Diagnosis.Medium sized species ( Fig 22). Abdomen with three yellow markings from tergite III, one median basal and two lateral ( Fig. 27). Wing markings variable ( Figs 22, 23, 24).   Redescription. Head.Face yellow. Two transverse black markings above and below base of antennae. Anterior margin of the latter marking trident-shaped ( Fig. 25). Thorax.Pronotum pattern as in figure 26. Foreleg.Coxa yellow with two parallel stripes and an apical dot on posterior surface, more or less distinct. About 12–15 long white setae. Femur with sensory seta long but shorter than femur. Dorsal surface darker, covered by short setae. Posterior surface with five to six stout white setae at extremity. Tibia yellow with dark marking on the dorsal surface. Tibial spurs slender, longer than tarsomeres 1–2. Tarsomeres dark apically. Middle leg.Coxa yellow. Femur with dark dots on the dorsal surface. Tibia and tarsomeres as in foreleg.  Hindleg( Fig. 28). Yellow. Femur with about 10 stout setae with black dots at their base. Tibia dark at extremity with about 10 erect black setae. A narrow dark stripe on dorsal surface in the basal 1/3 or 1/2. Tibial spurs as long as T1. Tarsomeres as in other legs. Wings.Forewing 3 17–18mm, ♀ 18–20 mm. Hindwing 3 16–17mm, ♀ 17–19 mm. Membrane hyaline, veins white. Longitudinal veins dark at the junction with some crossveins. Forewing. Two to four crossveins in apical field. Black markings very variable ( Figs 22, 23, 24). Generally with at least a basal dot on the sixth crossvein between M and CuA, gradates and base of pterostigma dark ( Fig. 22). Other variable black markings on some crossveins between R and RS until extremity of hypostigmatic cell, two between M and CuA, and cubital mark small.  Hindwing. Markings at most reduced to some crossveins between R and RS. Abdomen. 3 12–13mm, ♀ 11–13 mm. Brown. Tergite III to VI with three yellow markings, one dorsal at anterior margin and two lateral. Tergite VII with only two large lateral yellow markings ( Fig. 27). Sternites yellow. Male.Ectoprocts yellow, largely bordered with brown. Parameres short without seta. Gonosaccus with five to six long black setae. Subgenital plate large, rounded at apex ( Figs 29, 30). Gonarcus U-shaped. Female.Gonapophyseal plate narrow, strongly arched ( Fig. 31).    Typematerial examined.    Nelees modestus Navás, 1912. Type ♀, near Porto Novo[ 06°29’N 02°36’E]  BENIN(Coll. MNHN).    Neuroleon sociorum Hölzel & Ohm, 1983. Paratype3, Bel Air[ 14°42’N 17°25’W]  SENEGAL(Coll. MNHN).  Additional material examined(33, 9♀♀).   MALISikasso1♀ 23.I.1996attracted to light 22:00; 1♀ 15.II. 1996in morning, attracted to light; 13 10.III.1997Wayerma District, light trap 21:00; 1♀ 24.V.1995CMDT factory, attracted to light 21:30.  Farako13 13.II.1997forest, light trap 20:00.  Banamba[ 13°55’N 07°45’W] 3♀♀ 10–12.IV.1992at light trap, degraded savannah with trees, fields and mango orchards, ½ km from dry stream, J. Beerlink leg. ( ZMAN).   BURKINA FASOFolonzo(= Folenzo) [ 09°57’N 04°40’W] 1♀ 30.V.2010, M. Akoudjin leg.   BENINCotonouCalavi station IITA1♀ 24.II.1998fallow, light trap; 1♀ 11.XI.1997fallow, light trap, G. Goergen leg.   IVORY COASTBouaké[ 07°41’N 05°01’W] 13?. V.1982.  Ecology.Occurs in grass savannas and in grassy vegetation in cultivated area. In southern Maliadults fly during the dry season from January to May.   Distribution.Recorded from northern Guinean and Sudanian Regions including Cape VerdeIslands ( Hölzel & Ohm 1983, 1991) and from Arabian Peninsula ( Hölzel 1988, 1998).   Comments.A male of  Neuroleon guttatus( Navás, 1914c)from Namibia(ISNB) ( Figs 32) and females from Mozambiquewere examined. The morphological characters and the wing markings are similar to  N. modestusalthough more dark and conspicuous. As in  N. lepidus, the genitalia of the specimen from Namibiaare distinctly larger with longer parameres ( Fig. 33). Considering this difference,  N. modestusand  N. guttatusare retained as separate and valid species. The discontinuity of their area of distribution suggests that both species could be vicariant species 3742970404 MNHN Benin 6.483333 Porto Novo 1304 2.6 9 41 1 1 holotype 3742970349 MNHN Senegal 14.7 Bel Air 1287 -17.416666 9 41 1 1 paratype 3742970318 [773,1431,403,428] 9 41 3742970371 [151,718,439,463] 9 41 3742970390 [736,1380,439,464] 9 41 3742970331 9 41 3742970398 [825,1436,475,500] 9 41 3742970304 13.916667 -7.75 9 41 3742970369 9.95 -4.6666665 9 41 3742970406 9 41 3742970394 [377,988,620,644] 9 41 3742970301 7.6833334 -5.016667 9 41