Macrobiotus oberhäuseri Duj. Macrobiotus oberhäuseri var. granulatus Richters ( Heinis 1914 ) Hypsibius oberhäuseri Doy. 1840 Hypsibius ( Hypsibius ) oberhaeuseri ( Doyère, 1840 ) H. ( H. ) oberhaeuseri Hypsibius ( Hypsibius ) oberhaeuseri ( Doyere, 1840 ) ( Ramazzotti 1964a ) Hypsibius ( Hypsibius ) oberhaeuseri ( Ramazzotti 1964b ) H. ( H. ) oberhäuseri H. oberhaeuseri ( Doy., 1840 ) ( Claps & Rossi 1984 ) H. oberhaeuseri ( Doyére, 1840 ) ( Claps & Rossi 1988 ) Hypsibius oberhaeuseri ( Doyéré, 1840 ) ( Maucci 1988 ) R. oberhaeuseri ( Doyere, 1840 ) ( Rossi & Claps 1989 ) Robinia pseudoacacia Prosopis caldenia Monttea aphylla Ramazzotti (1964b) Drimys winteri var. chiloense Ramazzotti (1964a) Ramazzotti (1964a) Parmelia Leptogium ruginosum Trichostomum raapaii Broth. Leucobryum Brentelia falcatula Thuidium Frullania coalita Steph. Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America Kaczmarek, Łukasz Michalczyk, Łukasz Mcinnes, Sandra J. Zootaxa 2015 3923 1 1 107 [207,771,596,621] Heterotardigrada Hypsibiidae Ramazzottius Animalia Parachela 51 52 Tardigrada subSpecies oberhaeuseri sensu    Macrobiotus oberhäuseriDoy. ( Richters 1908a)  Makrobiotus oberhäuseri var. granulatusmihi ( Richters 1911a)    Macrobiotus oberhäuseriDuj.,  Macrobiotus oberhäuseri var. granulatusRichters ( Heinis 1914)  Hypsibius oberhäuseri Doy. 1840( Rahm 1931, 1932)   Hypsibius( Hypsibius) oberhaeuseri( Doyère, 1840)(de Barros 1943)   H.( H.) oberhaeuseri( Doyère, 1840(du Bois-Reymond Marcus 1944)   Hypsibius( Hypsibius) oberhaeuseri( Doyere, 1840) ( Ramazzotti 1964a)  Hypsibius( Hypsibius) oberhaeuseri( Ramazzotti 1964b)   H.( H.) oberhäuseri( Mihelčič 1967, 1972)   H. oberhaeuseri( Doy., 1840) ( Claps & Rossi 1984)   H. oberhaeuseri( Doyére, 1840) ( Claps & Rossi 1988)   Hypsibius oberhaeuseri( Doyéré, 1840) ( Maucci 1988)   R. oberhaeuseri( Doyere, 1840) ( Rossi & Claps 1989)   Terra typica: Germany(Europe)   Argentina:  • 24°45′S, 65°28′W; 1,300 masl: Salta Province, road from Salta to San Lorenzo, lichens on tree.  Claps & Rossi (1984)  • 24°55′S, 64°09′W; 400 masl: Salta Province, road from Las Lajitas to J.V. González, lichens on tree in the mountains and lichens on tree (3 samples).  Claps & Rossi (1984)  • 26°08′S, 5435′W; 150 masl: Misiones Province, Arroyo Torocuá, 12 kmS Puerto Esperanza, moss on rock.  Claps & Rossi (1988)  •  35°40′S, 63°44′W; 143 masl: La Pampa Province, General Pico, mosses and lichens on trees. Moly de Peluffo et al. (2006)  •  36°39′S, 64°17′W; 177 masl: La Pampa Province, Santa Rosa [Santa Rosa de Toay], mosses and lichens on trees (  Robinia pseudoacacia,few species of Fraxinusor  Prosopis caldenia).  Peluffo et al. (2007)  • 38°43′S, 68°02′W; 300 masl: Rio Negro Province, Lago Pellegrini, lichens on root of shrub (  Monttea aphylla) (2 samples).  Rossi & Claps (1989)  • 38°56′S, 68°00′W; 250 masl: Rio Negro Province, Cipolletti, mosses on soil.  Rossi & Claps (1989)  • 41°58′S, 71°31′W; 390 masl: Rio Negro Province, Bolson [El Bolsón], cypress grove, mosses on dry singles trees exposed to full sun and wind.  Mihelčič (1967)  • 42°42′S, 70°30′W; 500 masl: Chubut Province, Gualjaina, moss on soil.  Rossi & Claps (1989)  • 54°48′S, 68°18′W; 50 masl: Tierra del Fuego Province, IslaGrande de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia.  Richters (1908a)  •Undefined localities cited according Mihelčič (1967), dry mosses and lichens on trees in full sun, shaded and wet mosses and lichens on tree and soil (4 samples).  Mihelčič (1972)   Bolivia:  • 14°49′S, 69°04′W;  11–12,000 ftasl/ 3,350–3,650 masl: La Paz Department, Pelechuco.  Murray & Wailes (1913)   Brazil:  • 22°30′S, 44°34′W; 400 masl: São Paulo State [Rio de Janeiro State], Itatiáia. de Barros (1943)  • 22°44′S, 45°35′W; 1,650 masl: São Paulo State, Campos do Jordão, mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)  • 22°45′S, 47°24′W; 550 masl: São Paulo State, Município de Sta. Bárbara [Município Santa Bárbara d ′Oeste], mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)  • 23°20′S, 46°35′W; 800 masl: São Paulo State, Juquerí. de Barros (1943)  • 23°22′S, 46°44′W; 800 masl: São Paulo State, Caieiras. de Barros (1943)  • 23°32′S, 46°38′W; 750 masl: São Paulo State, neighbourhood of São Paulo, mosses.  Rahm (1931, 1932)   Chile:  • 32°58′S, 71°00′W;  1,170–1,230 masl:Region V Valparaíso (Región de Valparaíso), Cerro El Roble, leaf litter.   Ramazzotti (1964b)  • 33°04′S, 70°57′W;  1,100 masl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), near Tiltil, leaf litter (  Drimys winteri var. chiloense).   Ramazzotti (1964a)  • 33°20′S, 70°36′W;  1,400 masl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de Chileand vicinity, Manquehue Mt., dry soil and mosses.  Rahm (1931, 1932)  • 33°20′S, 70°17′W;  2,800masl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), La Parva, lichens on rock.   Ramazzotti (1964a)  • 33°33′S, 70°34′W; 650 masl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de Chileand vicinity, San Jorge near de Nos, dry soil and mosses.  Rahm (1931, 1932)  • 36°48′S, 73°01′W; 0 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Concepción, mosses.  Rahm (1931, 1932)  • 38°44′S, 72°35′W; 100 masl: Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), Temuco, lichens (  Parmeliasp.,  Leptogium ruginosum).  Richters (1911a)  • 39°52′S, 73°23′W; 100 masl: Region XIV Los Ríos (Región de Los Ríos), neighbourhood of Valdivia-Niebla, mosses and algae.  Rahm (1931, 1932)  • 41°19′S, 72°58′W; 50 masl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Puerto Varas and Cayutué, mosses.  Rahm (1931, 1932)  • 42°37′S, 73°49′W; 100 masl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Chiloé Island, mosses.  Rahm (1931, 1932)  • 53°08′S, 70°54′W; 0 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la AntárticaChilena), Punta Arenas, mosses on branches, in the shade.  Maucci (1988)   Colombia:  • 07°09′N, 75°23′W; 1,400 masl: Antioquia Department, Cafetal La Camelia, mosses (  Trichostomum raapaiiBroth.  Leucobryumsp.) (2 samples).  Heinis (1914)  • 04°54′N, 75°23′W;  3,600 masl: Tolima Department, Nevado del Ruiz, W slope near mine, moss (  Brentelia falcatula n. sp.).  Heinis (1914)  • 02°44′N, 76°50′W;  2,000 masl: Cauca Department, above Tambo, moss (  Thuidiumsp.) and hepatic (  Frullania coalitaSteph.).  Heinis (1914)  Record numbers: Argentina: 11, Bolivia: 1, Brazil: 6, Chile: 11, Colombia: 3; total: 32.   Remarks:  Ramazzottius oberhaeuseriis a species complex with a cosmopolitan distribution ( McInnes 1994a, see also Pilato et al.2013). Recent papers have begun to identify individual species (see: Degma et al. 2009–2014) but most require eggs to be present (see Biserov 1998for a diagnostic key to the genus). The South American records probably indicate one or more new species, which require further study.