Review of Anapolisia Piza, 1980 and Tropicophyllum Koçak & Kemal, 2008 stat. rev. (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae: Microcentrini) Mendes, Diego Matheus De Mello Rafael, José Albertino Zootaxa 2025 2025-01-06 5564 1 1 184 Mendes & Rafael Mendes & Rafael 2025 [151,581,1432,1459] Insecta Tettigoniidae Anapolisia Animalia Orthoptera 36 37 Arthropoda species igapo sp. nov.   Figures 37–45   Diagnosis.Vein MA with four main branches reaching wing margin ( Fig. 38). Mesobasisternum anteriorly convex; lateral lobes anterolaterally and laterally convex, posteriorly straight, forming a posterolateral blunt tip ( Fig. 37E). Metabasisternum anteriorly straight with two convex lateral projection; lateral lobes anterolaterally convex, laterally straight, posteriorly convex, posterolaterally forming an angle of 90° ( Fig. 37E). Apex of cercus with triangular projection and large lateral spine, with a dark brown color ( Fig. 37K).   Description. HolotypeMale.  Thorax. Mesobasisternum triangular, anteriorly convex; lateral lobes anterolaterally and laterally convex, posteriorly straight, forming a posterolateral blunt tip ( Fig. 37E). Metabasisternum triangular, anteriorly straight with two convex lateral projection; lateral lobes anterolaterally convex, laterally straight, posteriorly convex, posterolaterally forming an angle of 90° ( Fig. 37E).  Wings.Vein MA with four main branches reaching wing margin ( Fig. 38). Left stridulatory file with curved basal half and straight apical half; teeth large and wide, with basal teeth more distant from each other ( Fig. 39A). Total file length of 2.8 mm, greater vein width of 0.4 mm and a total of 47 teeth. Right stridulatory with curved basal half and straight apical half ( Fig. 39B). Total length file of 2.5 mm, widest vein of 0.2 mm and total of 49 teeth.   FIGURE 37.  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov., holotype male. A: habitus, dorsal view; B: head, frontal view; C: head and pronotum, dorsal view; D: head and pronotum, lateral view; E: Thoracic sternites, ventral view; F: foreleg, lateral view; G: midleg, lateral view; H: hindleg, lateral view; I–J: Terminalia in ventral and dorsal view respectively; K: Apex of cercus, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Mes: mesobasisternum; Met: metabasisternum; Cer: cercus; Sty: stylus; Pl: subgenital plate.   FIGURE 38.  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov., left tegmina of male in dorsal view. Abbreviations: AP: Posterior anal vein; AA: anterior anal vein; CuA: anterior cubital vein; CuP: posterior cubital vein; MA: anterior median vein; MP: posterior median vein; R: radial vein; Sc: subcostal vein.   FIGURE 39.  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov., stridulatory file of male. A: left file; B: right file.   FIGURE 40.  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov., male internal genitalia. A–B: phallus, ventral view; C–D: phallus, dorsal view. Abbreviations: DF: dorsal fold; DL: dorsal lobe(s); EV: ejaculatory vesicle; TI: titillator process; Lw. vl.: lower folds of ventral lobe; Up. vl.: upper folds of ventral lobe.  Legs. Hind femur with expanded region equivalent to 2/3 of the total femur length ( Fig. 37H).  Abdomen. Cercus curved inwards, with the apex not expanded ( Figs. 37I–K). Apex of cercus with triangular projection and large lateral spine, with a dark brown color ( Fig. 37K). Stylus long and rectangular ( Fig. 37I).  Internal male genitalia.Ejaculatory vesicles reniform ( Figs. 40A–D). Upper folds of ventral lobe small, triangular and not connected ( Figs. 40A–B). Titillator process large, bilobate and triangular ( Figs. 40A–D). Lower folds of ventral lobe large, posteriorly convex and exceeding the dorsal lobe ( Figs. 40A–B). Dorsal lobes anteriorly straight, laterally and posteriorly convex ( Figs. 40A–D). Dorsal folds elongated, narrow and with asymmetrical ( Figs. 40C–D).  Coloration. Described based on photos of live specimens ( Fig. 42A). General color of the body dark green, with light green spots. Eyes dark green with whitish spots. Tegmina with Cu and M veins marginally with small dark green spots; region of Radial branches with several small rounded yellow spots; margins of tegmina and apex of the membranous wing with a narrow yellow band. Abdomen light green with white spots. Female: Morphologically similar to the male, except by the following characteristics ( Figs. 41A–K):   FIGURE 41.  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov., female. A: habitus, dorsal view; B: head, frontal view; C: head and pronotum, dorsal view; D: head and pronotum, lateral view; E: Thoracic sternites, ventral view; F: foreleg, lateral view; G: midleg and hindleg, lateral view; H–J: Terminalia in ventral and dorsal view respectively; K: ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: Mes: mesobasisternum; Met: metabasisternum; Cer: cercus; Ovp: ovipositor; Pl: subgenital plate   FIGURE 42.  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov., specimens alive. A: male; B: female.   FIGURE 43.Habitat of  Anapolisia igapo  sp. nov.A. General view of the igapo Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustantável Amanã, Maraã, Amazonas, Brazil; B. Female of  A. igapo  sp. nov.in  Thorax. Mesobasisternum triangular, anteriorly concave; lateral lobes anterolaterally convex, laterally straight and posteriorly slightly convex, forming a posterolateral acuminate tip ( Fig. 41E). Metabasisternum triangular, anteriorly straight; lateral lobes anterolaterally convex, laterally straight and posteriorly convex, posterolaterally forming an angle of 90° ( Fig. 41E).  Wings. Unaltered anal veins for sound production ( Fig. 41A).  Abdomen. Cercus slightly curved, apex acuminate ( Figs. 41H–J). Subgenital plate triangular, apex rounded and stylus absent ( Fig. 41H). Ovipositor curved; apex of ventral valve surpassing the apex of dorsal valve; apical region of dorsal and ventral valve with rectangular teeth ( Fig. 41J).  Coloration. Described based on photos of live specimens ( Fig. 42B). General color of the body light green. Eyes dark green with whitish spots. Apical half of tegmina and apex of membranous wing with yellow edges. Tegmina with Cu and M veins marginally with small dark green spots and several small rounded yellow spots; margins of tegmina and apex of the membranous wing with a narrow yellow band. Abdomen whitish. Ovipositor with whitish base and light green apex.   Etymology.The epithet is in apposition,  igapócomes from the Brazilian indigenous language Nheengatu and means “river of roots”, this being the popular name given to the environment of seasonally flooded Amazonian forests in which the specimens were found.   Distribution. Brazil: Amazonas ( Fig. 45).   Type material.  Holotype ♂. BRASIL,  Amazonas, Novo Airão, Rio Negro, Comunidade São Thomé, 03°08'44.00"S– 60°30'5.98"W, floresta de igapó,  02.ii.2015, coleta manual, D.M.M. Mendes& P.F. Viana leg.( INPA);  Paratypes:  Idem( 1♂and 1♀ INPA);  idem, Rio Nhamundá, Cuipiranga, 01°53’58”S– 57°02’59”W,  22 m,  20–23.v.2008, armadilha luminosa em barco, J.A. Rafael leg. ( 3♂ INPAe 1♂ MZSP);  idem, Ipixuna, Rio Liberdade, Estirão da Preta, 07°21’46.7”S– 71°52’07.1”W,  11–15.v.2011, armadilha luminosa, R. Andreazze, D.M. Takiya leg. ( 1♂ INPA);  idem, Resex Unini, Rio Unini, Manapana, 01°53’18”S– 62°27’46”W,  11–12.vii.2004, lençol luz mista de mércurio BLB, A. Silva& L. Aquino leg. ( 1♂ MZSP);  idem, Alvarães, Rio Solimões,  ix.2017, coleta manual em vegetação arbustiva de em área alagada, D.M.M. Mendes& J. Oliveira leg. ( 1♀ INPA).   Measurements (mm). Holotype: ( ♂): TL: 23,2; TegL: 42; TegH: 13,8; WF: 3,9; PL: 6; PH: 6,3; FF: 6; FT: 7,9; MF: 8; MT: 8,1; HF: 15,1; HT: 17,9; Lplac: 2; LC: 3.   Paratype( ♂): TL: 23,3–22,8; TegL: 42,2–41,4; TegH: 13,8–13,1; WF: 4–3,3; PL: 5,9–5,1; PH: 6,3–5,9; FF: 6,5–6,1; FT: 7,6–7,3; MF: 8,1–7,7; MT: 8,3–8; HF: 16–15,9; HT: 18–17,7; Lplac: 2,2–2,1; LC: 3,3–3.   Paratypes( ♀): TL: 23,9–23,7; TegL: 44–43,8; TegH: 14,1–13,6; WF: 3,9–3,5; PL: 6,1–5,8; PH: 6,2–6; FF: 7,6– 7,3; FT: 7,7–7,5; MF: 8,1–7,5; MT: 8,5–8,3; HF: 16–15,4; HT: 18,8–18,2; Lplac: 2–1,8; LC: 2,2–2; LO: 4,5–4,4.  Observation of behavior.  A. igapo  sp. nov.is one of the most fascinating species of the genus, as it specializes in seasonally flooded forest environments of várzea (bathed by whitewater rivers) and igapó (bathed by blackwater rivers) ( Fig. 43A). The specimens were collected in Ipixuna, Negro, Nhamundá and Solimões rivers, occurring in area of endemism of the Guianas, Imeri and Inambari. Collections and observations were carried out at night in boats during the flood period (about 10mdeep). It was observed that the specimens were between 20 cmto 200 cmfrom the surface of the water, usually at the tips of the branches of the plants ( Fig. 43B). In Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã, during May 2024, a female was observed laying eggs on a leaf about 15 cmfrom the surface of the water ( Fig. 44A–B). 2015-02-02 INPA D. M. M. Mendes & P. F. Viana Brazil Comunidade Sao Thome -3.1455557 Amazonas 1 -60.50166 Rio Negro 43 44 1 1 holotype [249,660,1515,1542] INPA Brazil Idem 43 44 2 1 1 paratype 2008-05-20 2008-05-23 2008-05-20 INPA, MZSP J. A. Rafael Brazil 22 -1.8994445 Rio Nhamunda 21 -57.04972 Cuipiranga 43 44 4 4 paratype 2011-05-11 2011-05-15 2011-05-11 R, INPA Andreazze & D. M. Takiya Brazil Estirao da Preta 22 -7.3629723 Ipixuna 1 -71.868645 Rio Liberdade 43 44 1 1 paratype 2004-07-11 2004-07-12 2004-07-11 BLB, MZSP A. Silva & L. Aquino Brazil Manapana 22 -1.8883333 Resex Unini 21 -62.46278 Rio Unini 43 44 1 1 paratype 2017-09 2004-07-12 2004-07-11 INPA D. M. M. Mendes & J. Oliveira Brazil Manapana 22 -1.8883333 Alvaraes 21 -62.46278 Rio Solimoes 43 44 1 1 paratype PL, MT Philippines Lplac 43 44 1 1 paratype [199,1109,1875,1902] PL 43 44 1 1 paratype MT Philippines PH 43 44 1 paratype [555,1315,1911,1938] LO Philippines Lplac 43 44 1 paratype