Untangling the waterfall damsels: a review of the Mesoamerican genus Paraphlebia Selys in Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Thaumatoneuridae) with descriptions of 11 new species
Ortega-Salas, Héctor
González-Soriano, Enrique
Jocque, Merlijn
Zootaxa
2022
2022-01-11
5089
1
1
66
Ortega-Salas & Gonzalez-Soriano
Ortega-Salas & Gonzalez-Soriano
2022
[151,816,1651,1678]
Insecta
Megapodagrionidae
Paraphlebia
Animalia
Odonata
20
21
Arthropoda
species
kinich
sp. nov.
Figs. 12(head ♂), 29–30 (thorax ♂ ♀), 36 (abdomen ♂), 47, 59 (wings ♂), 79, 86 (appendages ♂), 99, 106 (posterior lobe of prothorax ♀ ♂), 133 (S8– 10 ♀), 149 (map), 161 (habitus ♂). urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 93A8162C-F68A-46E4-87CE-F180D7D59956 Holotype. MEXICO• 1 ♂; Chiapas, Salto de Agua, CascadaMisol-Ha; [ 17.391°N, 91.998°W]; 270 m; 26 Jul 1990; E. González-Soriano& V. Garcíaleg.; IBUNAM; IBUNAM:CNIN:OD22735. Paratypes. MEXICO• 1 ♀; Chiapas, Palenque, Streamcrossing highway about 1/ 3 milebelow parking lot at Palenqueruins; 17.487°N, 92.049°W; 105 m; G.H. & A.F. Beattyleg.; FEM; PSUC_ FEM_69062 • same data but 3 ♂♂; Salto de Agua, Estación de Biología Tropical Los Tuxtlas[Cascada Misol-Ha]; [ 17.391°N, 91.998°W]; 270 m; 4–15 May 1981; C.M. Flint& O.S. Flint Jr.leg.; USNM • same data but 1 ♂; CascadaMisol-Ha; 17–18 May 1981; RWG; IBUNAM:CNIN:OD22741 • same data but 7 ♂♂; USNM• same data but 6 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀; 26 Jul 1990; E. González-Soriano& V. Garcíaleg.; IBUNAM; IBUNAM:CNIN:OD22733 to 22734, 22736 to 22740, 22898 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 17.391°N, 91.998°W; 30 Aug 2015; H. Ortega-Salas, M. Trujano-Ortega& U. García-Vázquezleg.; IBUNAM:CNIN:OD22915 to 22916 • same data but 1 ♂; Oaxaca, Santiago Comáltepec, Km.56.9 carretera federal 175 Tuxtepec-Oaxaca; [ 17.726°N, 96.326°W]; 626 m; 25 May 1981; H. Velascoleg.; IBUNAM:CNIN: OD22745.
Etymology. Named kinich/kɪˈnɪtʃɪ/ (L. noun in apposition), after Kinich Ahau (also K’inich Ajaw, K’in Ajaw, K’in Ahau or K’in Ahaw), the Mayan Sun God. As many other forest species, Paraphlebiaindividuals usually perch in the sparse sunrays that reaches the lower layer of the vegetation.
Description of holotype Head. Chiefly black, labrum dark glossy blue, anteclypeus with one medial and two lateral pale spots, postclypeus turquoise to pale blue, maxillae pale, frons turquoise to pale blue, vertex with two pale spots anterolateral to lateral ocelli, occiput with pale occipital bar restricted to lateral edges, eyes dark brown to black, black in life; antennal scape with pale distal margin, pedicel black on medial side turning pale towards lateral surface, flagellum of first segment pale with distal margin black, distal segments black. Thorax. Prothorax: chiefly black; middle lobe with anterolateral pale spots covering half of its width; posterior lobe mostly pale with black markings on anterior margin, see Fig. 106( paratype) for morphology. Pterothorax: see Fig. 29( paratype) for colour pattern; sternum pale with lateral black marks; legs black, but coxae and trochanters pale; femora pale on proximal third; claws reddish. Wings. Hyaline, slightly amber tinted, the vein that descends from the subnodus in FW slightly proximal to the first post-quadrangular Vx; CuA in HW forked, field between CuA and posterior margin with one supplementary vein and one extra sector. Px: FW 33–36, HW 29/29. Abdomen. Black with pale areas as follow: S1 with ventrolateral spots; S2 with ventrolateral horizontal lines; S3–7 with laterobasal rings; S8 with basolateral spots; S9–10 and cerci pruinose on dorsum. Caudal appendages. Cerci: see Fig. 79for structure. Paraprocts: rudimentary; superior lobe completely absent; inferior lobe in lateral view somewhat angled but not with an acute projection. Measurements. Abdomen: 40, FW: 34, HW: 33. Variation in males. In some specimens from Misol-Ha the extension of the pale markings on the prothorax dorsum is slightly smaller than in the holotype. In some specimens the field between CuA and posterior margin of HW has only one extra sector. Measurements. Abdomen: 36.0–43.0, FW: 29.0–35.0, HW: 28.5–33.6; Px: FW 32–38; Px: HW 27–33. Description of female paratype Head. As in male. Thorax. Prothorax: see Fig. 99for morphology. Pterothorax: pale mediodorsal carina; mesepisternum as in male and with medial longitudinal line extending about two-tenths of its length; depression mesad to mesostigmal lobe in mesostigmal plate angulate. Wings. Hyaline, with a slightly amber tint; Px: FW 32/33; Px: FW 29/28. Abdomen. S1–7 as in male but pale markings more extensive. S8 dorsal pale spot present. S9 pale dorsal spot mushroom shaped, widened to rear. Ovipositor ending beyond tip of cerci. Measurements. Abdomen: 37.0, FW: 32.4, HW: 31.6.
Diagnosis. This species is related to P. hunnaland P. flintiand is diagnosed under the latter. Natural history. This species has been collected within the spray zone of large waterfalls and streams in tropical rainforest and mountain cloud forest.
Distribution. Southeast Mexico: it has been collected at the Misol-Ha ecotourist park and Palenque national park in Chiapasas well as in the Sierra de Juárez in Oaxacafrom 100– 626 m.a.s.l.
Remarks.Three males collected by C. M. Flint and O. S. Flint Jr., deposited at USNM, are labelled as collected at: Veracruz: San Andrés Tuxtla: Los Tuxtlas Tropical Biology Station. However, according to Dr. Flint (personal communication, October 6, 2016) it is certain that these specimens are mislabelled. This is due to the fact that during the same collection field trip his team was both in Los Tuxtlas and Misol-Ha with a few days of difference which led to the misplacement of these specimens.
4023503630
1990-07-26
IBUNAM
E. Gonzalez-Soriano & V. Garcia
Mexico
270
17.391
Cascada
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
20
21
1
1
Chiapas
holotype
4023503707
FEM
G. H. & A. F. Beatty
Mexico
Palenque
105
17.487
Palenque
76
-92.049
Stream
20
21
1
1
Chiapas
paratype
4023503372
1981-05-04
1981-05-15
1981-05-04
USNM
C. M. Flint & O. S. Flint Jr.
Mexico
Palenque
270
21
22
17.391
Estacion de Biologia Tropical Los Tuxtlas
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
20
21
3
3
Chiapas
paratype
4023503648
1981-05-04
1981-05-15
1981-05-04
USNM
C. M. Flint & O. S. Flint Jr.
Mexico
Palenque
270
17.391
Estacion de Biologia Tropical Los Tuxtlas
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
21
22
3
3
Chiapas
paratype
4023503762
[618,790,187,213]
1981-05-17
1981-05-18
1981-05-17
RWG, IBUNAM
C. M. Flint & O. S. Flint Jr.
Mexico
Palenque
270
17.391
Cascada
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
21
22
1
1
Chiapas
paratype
4023503341
[798,1139,187,215]
1981-05-17
1981-05-18
1981-05-17
USNM
C. M. Flint & O. S. Flint Jr.
Mexico
Palenque
270
17.391
Cascada
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
21
22
7
7
Chiapas
paratype
4023503314
1990-07-26
1981-05-18
1981-05-17
IBUNAM
E. Gonzalez-Soriano & V. Garcia
Mexico
Palenque
270
17.391
Cascada
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
21
22
8
2
6
Chiapas
paratype
4023503380
1990-07-26
1981-05-18
1981-05-17
IBUNAM
E. Gonzalez-Soriano & V. Garcia
Mexico
Palenque
270
17.391
Cascada
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
21
22
8
2
6
Chiapas
paratype
4023503337
2015-08-30
1981-05-18
1981-05-17
IBUNAM
H. Velasco
Mexico
Palenque
270
17.391
Cascada
76
-91.998
Salto de Agua
21
22
2
2
Chiapas
paratype