Geophilus Linotaenia Scolioplanes Strigamia Linotaenia attenuatus Geophilus subtilis Linotaenia rosulans Geophilus sanguineus S. acuminata Scolioplanes variabilis S. acuminata Leach S. crassipes C.L. Koch. In S. variabilis S. variabilis acuminata S. variabilis crassipes S. variabilis carniolensis Verhoeff S. crassipes S. variabilis S. crassipes S. variabilis S. acuminata Scolioplanes engadinus banaticus S. engadina S. acuminata S. acuminata S. engadina S. engadinus banaticus S. acuminata Species diversity of Strigamia Gray, 1843 (Chilopoda: Linotaeniidae): a preliminary synthesis Bonato, Lucio Dányi, László Socci, Antonio Augusto Minelli, Alessandro Zootaxa 2012 3593 1 39 52ZM6 Leach, 1815 Leach 1815 [151,580,151,177] Chilopoda Linotaeniidae Strigamia Animalia Geophilomorpha 8 9 Arthropoda species acuminata  References for morphology: Brolemann 1930(in part); Verhoeff 1935; Eason 1964; Matic 1972; Koren 1986; Iorio 2004, 2005; Barber 2008, 2009a. Taxonomic notes. Described originally as a species of  Geophilus, it was subsequently cited under different genera, including  Linotaeniaand  Scolioplanes. It has been classified in  Strigamiasince Crabill (1953). Different varieties and subspecies were recognized, mainly by Verhoeff (1928, 1935), but their validity was sometimes questioned though not definitively rejected ( Schubart 1967; Würmli 1972; Stoev 1997). Its name has been occasionally misspelled as “  Linotaenia attenuatus” ( Chamberlin 1911)   Geophilus subtilis,  Linotaenia rosulansand  Geophilus sanguineuswere synonymized under  S. acuminatafirst tentatively by Bergsøe & Meinert (1866)and Meinert (1870), then definitively by Plateau (1872).   Scolioplanes variabiliswas introduced by Verhoeff (1895)to indicate a putatively variable species that, in his opinion, had been separated incorrectly into two species, namely  S. acuminataLeachand  S. crassipesC.L. Koch. Inhis concept,  S. variabiliscomprised three subspecies, which he called  S. variabilis acuminata,  S. variabilis crassipesand  S. variabilis carniolensisVerhoeff(currently a subspecies of  S. crassipes; see below). Verhoeff’s opinion was followed only by a few authors, and only in part, and eventually abandoned by him. The species name  S. variabiliswas completely ignored in subsequent literature, apart from being listed among the synonyms of  S. crassipesby Matic (1972). Actually,  S. variabilisshould be costrued as a junior synonym of  S. acuminata, because the latter should have been recognised as the valid name for Verhoeff’s composite species, according to the principle of priority (I.C.Z.N. 1999: art. 72.9).   Scolioplanes engadinus banaticuswas described by Verhoeff (1935)and rarely cited by subsequent authors, until Matic (1972)listed it among the synonyms of  S. engadina. However, Verhoeff (1935)acknowledged that it is very similar to  S. acuminataand also gave a range of variation in the number of trunk segments that corresponds to that of  S. acuminatabut not to that of the nominotypical subspecies of  S. engadina.  S. engadinus banaticusis recognized here as a junior synonym of  S. acuminata( new synonymy).  Distribution: most of continental Europe, from the Iberian peninsula to the Caucasus and Volga basin; also Great Britainand Sicily. It has been reported as introduced to some localities in the eastern part of North America. Published records from the western part of North Americaand Japanneed confirmation because of probable confusion with  S. chionophila, which has been sometimes considered a synonym of  S. acuminata(see under  S. chionophila). A vague citation for North Africa is probably erroneus (see under Discussion).