Bolboceras caesus Klug, 1843: 54–55 Lacordaire 1856: 143 Bolboceras caesum : Gemminger and Harold 1869: 1077 Bolboceras ( Eucanthus ) caesus : Boucomont 1909: 117 Bolboceras ( Bolbapium ) caesum : Boucomont 1910: 340 Bolboceras caesa : Blackwelder 1944: 220 Bolbapium caesum : Martínez 1976: 546 A taxonomic revision of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Geotrupidae) Carvalho, Edrielly Carolinne Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z. Journal of Natural History 2022 2022-08-18 56 13 - 16 769 828 (Klug, 1843) Klug 1843 [467,848,142,168] Insecta Bolboceratidae Bolbapium Animalia Coleoptera 17 786 Arthropoda species caesum  ( Figure 6(f), 11(j), (k), (l), 13(b))      Bolboceras caesus Klug, 1843: 54–55(original description; review);  Lacordaire 1856: 143(description)   Bolboceras caesum: Gemminger and Harold 1869: 1077(catalogue); Boucomont 1902: 4(review); 1910: 340 (review); 1912: 8 (catalogue); Luederwaldt 1931: 429, 436, 450, 454 (review, key)   Bolboceras( Eucanthus) caesus: Boucomont 1909: 117(description)   Bolboceras( Bolbapium) caesum: Boucomont 1910: 340(review); 1912: 8 (catalogue)   Bolboceras caesa: Blackwelder 1944: 220(checklist)   Bolbapium caesum: Martínez 1976: 546(checklist)   Diagnosis Frons without transverse carina between the eyes and with poorly developed interocular tubercles. Pronotum mesoanteriorly with curved structure, with non-continuous lines and with small angulation on each side of structure; frons with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye ( Figure 6(f)).   Type material.Currently the holotypeis in the MZUSP, which provided photos for analysis.   Holotype.‘25,683; Type [red rectangular label]/ Zool. Mus./ Berlin; ♂;  caesus; Klug*; Brit. Guyane. Ichanb.; Bolbapium/caesum/ ( Klug 1843); S. Ide det. 1996’ (ZMHB).   Redescription  Body size: Length: 5.41–6.68 mm. Width: 4.12–4.95 mm. Head: Clypeus with ventral setae. Frons without transverse carina and presents developed interocular tubercles, flat frons with slight depression in the median region, this central region presents points, which are few and deep, other parts on the head without evident punctuation. Pronotum: Pronotum mesoanteriorly with curved structure, with non-continuous lines and with small angulation on each side of structure, and occupying more than half the interocular width; whole surface with strong and evident punctuation, sparse and unevenly distributed. Ventral region of the thorax: Central region of the metaventrite with a few unevenly distributed setae. Male terminalia: In dorsal view, parameres completely separated, from the base to the apex, and extended, apparently twisted; broken right paramere ( Figure 11(j)). In lateral view, short and flat parameres ( Figure 11(l)). Sexual dimorphism: This species does not feature sexual dimorphism. Remarks: Klug (1843)described the species based on a specimen collected in French Guiana, belonging to the collection of R.H. Schomburgk; there is no indication of how many individuals were examined and whether they are male or female. The typeseries belongs to the ‘Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität’, Berlin.   Differential diagnosis.  Bolbapium caesumis morphologically similar to  B. boillyi sp. nov.,  B. borgmeieri,  B. howdeni, B. modestum,  B. parcepunctatum,  B. sampaioorum sp. nov.and  B. santanaorum sp. nov.in not presenting the transverse carina forehead interconnecting the interocular tubercles. However, it is easily differentiated by the fact that it presents a curved structure, with non-continuous lines in the pronotum.  Geographical distribution. Brazil( Roraima); French Guiana(Matiti, Régina and Mt. Itoupé); Colombia( Bolívar), Venezuela( Bolívar); Panama( Bocas del Toro).  Non-type material. 8 specimensexamined.   BRAZIL: Roraima, Ilha de Maraca, Rio Uraricoera, [ 3°25 ʹ00”N, 61°40 ʹ00”W],  18 a 23 .viii.1937, light trap, J . A Rafael, L.S. Aquino, J.F . Vidal& E. Binda leg. (1 CEMT).  COLÔMBIA: Bolívar, Bosque Seco, [ 8°40 ʹ13”N, 74°01 ʹ48”W], x .1998, pitfall. (1 CEMT).  GUYANAFRANCESA: Matiti, [3°07 ʹ18”N, 52°°41 ʹ29”W], v.2010, FIT, J.L. Giuglaris leg. (2 COPL);  Régina, [ 4° 18 ʹ34”N, 52°08 ʹ03”W], vii.2017, FIT, J .L. Giuglaris leg . (1 COPL); Mt. Itoupé, [ 3°32 ʹ12”N, 53° 34 ʹ24”W], 11 .i.2016, FIT, SEAG leg. (1 COPL).  PANAMA: Bocas del Toro, Routede Chiriqui- Chiriqui Grande, km55,  1075 m, [ 8°57 ʹ25”N, 82°8 ʹ38”W], viii.2003, G . Lecourt& T. Decaensleg (1 COPL).  VENEZUELA: Bolivar, 15 kmE.  Caicara, [ 6°21 ʹ30”N, 63°34 ʹ50”W], 12–13 .vi.1996, light trap, H & A Howden leg. (1 CEMT). 3892766686 [160,1055,517,542] 1937-08-18 1937-08-23 1937-08-18 Brazil 3.4166667 Rio Uraricoera 21 -61.666668 Ilha de Maraca 18 787 1 Roraima 3892767147 [1055,1089,517,542] Brazil true 3.4166667 Rio Uraricoera 21 -61.666668 Ilha de Maraca 18 787 1 Roraima 3892767536 [291,414,551,576] A Rafael, L Brazil true 3.4166667 Rio Uraricoera 21 -61.666668 Ilha de Maraca 18 787 1 Roraima 3892767349 [573,690,551,576] Brazil Vidal 18 787 1 3892767383 Colombia 8.670279 Bosque Seco 21 -74.03001 Bolivar 18 787 1 3892767316 [633,903,586,611] CEMT Colombia 18 787 1 3892767042 COPL Guyana true 3.1216667 Matiti 21 -52.134167 18 787 1 3892767029 COPL Guyana 4.3094444 Regina 21 -52.134167 18 787 1 3892767257 [567,585,655,680] COPL Guyana true 4.3094444 Regina 21 -52.134167 18 787 1 3892766930 [738,891,655,680] COPL Mt Guyana 18 787 1 3892767035 [298,306,690,715] COPL Mt Guyana true 18 787 1 3892766809 Panama 1075 8.956944 Grande 21 -82.14389 Route 18 787 1 Bocas del Toro 3892767371 [909,1051,725,750] Panama 1075 true 8.956944 Lecourt 21 -82.14389 Route 18 787 1 Bocas del Toro 3892767096 [306,621,759,784] Venezuela Bolivar 18 787 1 Bolivar 3892767581 [629,1066,759,784] Venezuela 6.358333 Caicara 21 -63.580555 18 787 1 3892766864 [1066,1088,759,784] Venezuela true 6.358333 Caicara 21 -63.580555 18 787 1