Elaphidion aculeatum LeConte 1873: 264 Revision of Aneflomorpha Casey and Neaneflus Linsley (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the United States with an illustrated key to species Lingafelter, Steven W. Insecta Mundi 2022 2022-10-14 2022 954 1 59 DVWP (LeConte) LeConte 1873 [192,624,213,242] Insecta Cerambycidae Aneflomorpha Animalia Coleoptera 28 27 Arthropoda species aculeata  ( Fig. 1a, 5a, 7a, 8a, 9a, 10a, 16a)      Elaphidion aculeatum LeConte 1873: 264.   Diagnosis.Length 10–16 mm, pronotum averages 1.20 times longer than wide, elytra together average 3.38 times longer than wide ( Fig. 1a). Integument rufous ( Fig. 1a, 16a). Antennae not or weakly carinate ( Fig. 9a). Spine of third antennomere at least 1.5 times as long as second antennomere, projecting away from antennal plane by less than 40 degrees, acute at apex ( Fig. 9a). Spine of fourth antennomere well-developed, acute, longer than second antennomere. Pronotum densely punctate with punctures of differing sizes and contiguous; unobscured by pubescence. Some specimens with small, narrow post-median callus ( Fig. 5a). Elytral apices moderately to strongly bispinose in most specimens, some without produced apical spines ( Fig. 8a). Elytral pubescence white or off-white, with very numerous long, erect setae in addition to recumbent and recurved setae ( Fig. 7a). Procoxal cavities moderately open by over two-thirds the width of the broadly expanded prosternal process ( Fig. 10a). Protibia slender, gradually widening apically with the dorsal margin straight and non-carinate (as in Fig. 11h).   Discussion.  Aneflomorpha aculeatais most similar to  A. texana,  A. linsleyaeand  A. subpubescensin having rufous coloration, moderately open procoxal cavities, densely punctate pronotum, and abundant erect and suberect setae on the elytra and appendages. The erect setae are longer, more abundant, and not as uniformly distributed on the body and appendages of  A. aculeataas in  A. linsleyaewhich has the erect and suberect setae of more uniform length and distribution ( Fig. 7j). This feature also distinguishes  A. aculeatafrom  A. seminudaCasey( Fig. 7s) and  A. subpubescens(LeConte)( Fig. 7t) which have more uniform length and distributed setae on the elytra and appendages (mostly recumbent and recurved in  A. seminudaand straight and erect or suberect in  A. subpubescens).  Aneflomorpha aculeatadiffers also from  A. linsleyaein having the base of the protibia slender and gradually widening apically with the dorsal margin straight and non-carinate while in  A. linsleyaethe base of the protibia is bulging and then narrowed distally, then widening apically such that the dorsal margin is slightly sinuate and weakly carinate dorsally at the base ( Fig. 11c). The antennae are moderately carinate in  A. linsleyae( Fig. 9i) while not carinate or weakly so in  A. aculeata( Fig. 9a). Most specimens of  Aneflomorpha aculeatausually have strongly or moderately bispinose elytral apices ( Fig. 8a), while in  A. linsleyae, the apices are usually bidentate, without spines ( Fig. 8i).  Aneflomorpha aculeatais not known west of Texaswhile  A. linsleyaeis known only from the Chiricahua Mountains in Arizona. The very long, acute spines of the third and usually fourth antennomeres further distinguish  A. aculeatafrom the superficially similar  A. seminudaand  A. subpubescenswhich have much shorter spines ( Fig. 9p,q, respectively). In specimens where the antennal and elytral apical spines are not pronounced, the finer pronotal punctation and typically ochraceous pubescence on the scutellum in  A. aculeatadistinguish it from  A. subpubescenswhich has larger pronotal punctures and typically fine, white scutellar pubescence.  Aneflomorpha texanacan be distinguished by the near absence of recurved, recumbent elytral setae (the setae are straight) ( Fig. 7w), the pronotum having a pronounced median callus in most specimens ( Fig. 6w), a dentiform or absent spine on antennomere 4 inmost specimens ( Fig. 9t), and the outer elytral apex rounded to dentiform ( Fig. 8u). Note that some  A. aculeatafrom Texasand Oklahomaare not typical and have reduced elytral and antennal spines as well as less prevalent long, erect setae. These are somewhat intermediate with  A. seminudaand some have been found mixed with specimens identified as  A. subpubescensdue to their similar size and coloration. They are tentatively assigned to  A. aculeatain this work, but further study may conclude they belong elsewhere.   Distribution and biology.Specimens have been encountered from May through September at lights, sugar and other fermented bait traps, and Lindgren Funnel traps baited with ethanol in central and southwestern Texas. Specimens were examined from eastern Oklahoma, southwestern Missouri, and northwestern South Carolina which represent three new state records for the species. One digital specimen, tentatively assigned to this species, was seen on BugGuide (BugGuide 2022) from Bibb County, Alabama (Alabama Museum of Natural History). No larval hosts have been documented for  Aneflomorpha aculeata. Two specimens were examined from Coahuila, Mexico(TAMU), representing a new state record for Mexicoand a range extension considerably south of the previously known distribution.   Material examined.   Mexico: Coahuila(new state record): Sierrade los Burros,  18 June 1938, Rollin Baker(2, TAMU); USA:  Texas: no further data ( holotype, MCZ);   Comal Co., N.of Bulverde, Honeycreek Nature Conservancy,  27 April 1985, Cicero( RFMC);   Crosby Co., White Riv. Res. Merc. Vap.  25 June 1987, Morris& Sites( RFMC);   Dickens Co., White RiverRes., Fermented Bait Trap,  18–25 June 1989, R. F. Morris( RFMC);  Dickens Co., White River Lake,  8 June 1989, R. Morris(2, RAAC);   Jeff Davis Co., near Fort Davis,  2 July 1957, L. N. Bell( RFMC);  Jeff Davis Co., FM1832, 11 mi.W. SR 17,  24 June 2014, F. W. Skillman, Jr.(2, FWSC);  Jeff Davis Co., Davis Mts. St. Pk.,  27 June–1 July 1987, 5200′, J. B. Heppner( RFMC);  Jeff Davis Co., Davis Mtn.S. P.  7 June 1974, D. E. Foster, J. V. Moody(2, RFMC);  Jeff Davis Co., 3 mi.E. Davis Mtn.SP, MV light,  4 July 1987, R. Morris(2, RFMC);  Jeff Davis Co., Davis Mtns. Resort, 5800′, June-July, D. G. Marqua(4, TAMU);  Brazos Co., College Station,  4 July 1994, E. G. Riley( EGRC);  Jeff Davis Co., Davis Mtns. St. Pk.  29–30 June 1999, UV, E. G. Riley( EGRC);  Bandera Co., Lost Maples State Park, 29.81046°N, 99.57409°W,  23 June 1990, E. Rileyand C. Wolfe( EGRC);  Jeff Davis Co., Limpia Canyon,  27 June 1967, B. A. Tilden( BTC);  Jeff Davis Co., Davis Mtns. Resort, 5800′,  May–June 1991–2002, D. G. Marqua(8, TAMU);   Eastland Co.,  5 mi.SW Eastland, 32.364° N, 98.8925° W, 1538′,  2 June 2021, F. W. Skillman, Jr.(2, FWSC);   Kimble Co., TTU Center, Junction, MV light,  13 May 1988, R. Morris(2, RFMC);   Anderson Co., Engeling Wildlife Management Area,  28 May 1995, E. G. Riley( SWLC);  Anderson Co., Engeling Wildlife Management Area,  28 May and 3 June 1995, E. G. Riley(2, EGRC);   Smith Co., Tyler State Park,  July 5, 1989, C. S. Wolfe( DJHC);   Bexar Co., China Grove,  June 1992, D. Walters( DJHC);  Bexar Co., NW edge of San Antonio,  May 28, 1992, D. W. Sundberg( DJHC);   Val Verde Co., Langtryat Rio Grande,  June 21, 1990, C. S. Wolfe( DJHC);  Val Verde Co.,  30 milesNNW Del Rio, vicinity of Gold Mine Canyon, 29.802° N, 100.937° W;   5 June–14 July 2021, 407 m., uv light trap, B. Raberand D. Heffern(3 SWLC; 13 DJHC); same but 3 May–5 June(2 SWLC; 11, DJHC);  Val Verde Co.,  30 miNNW Del Rio, nr Carlos Camp Spr. DevilsR. near Dry DevilsR.   387 m., 29.798° N, 101.000° W, Lindgrenwith EtOH bait,  29 August–26 September 2020, E. Raber& D. Heffern( DJHC);   Kerr Co., Kerrville,  26 August 1966, R. R. Blume( FWSC);  Bandera Co. Hill Country St.Natural Area,  14 June 2003, D. W. Sundberg( DJHC);  Kerrville, at light, FC Pratt(2, USNM);  Kerrville,  15 May 1990, uv light, W. F. Chamberlain( TAMU);   Hidalgo Co., Santa Ana National Refuge,  8–9 May 1978, J. E. Wappes( FWSC);  Hidalgo Co., Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge,  2 May 1987, E. G. Rileyand F. Whitford(2, EGRC);   Brazos Co., College Station,  June 1989, E. G. Riley( EGRC);  Brazos Co.,  5 kmSW Wellborn, 30.5022°N, 96.3360°W, 16–0  June 2017, at lights, V. Belov(2, ABRC, EGCCRC);   Wharton Co., MacKay UV trap,  July–August 1983–1984, Marlin E. Rice(8, TAMU);  Wharton Co., MacKay UV trap,  May 1984, Marlin E. Rice(3, TAMU);  Texas: Mexia,  23 June 1937( TAMU);  College Station, Texas Experimental Station,  20 May 1930, S. E. Jones( TAMU);  Rio Frio, at light,  10 May 1910( USNM);  Texas(no further data), C. V. Riley Collection( USNM);   Oklahoma(new state record):  Sequoyah Co., Tenkiller Lake, 3 mi. W. Blackgum, D. and M. Davis,  6–9 July 1979( USNM);  Robber’s Cave State Park, 5 mi. N. Wilburton, H. V. Weems, Jr.  15 June 1966, at light ( FSCA);   Latimer Co., SW of Red Oak,  June 1997, K. Stephan( TAMU);  Latimer Co., 5 mi.W. Red Oak,  2 July 1977, K. Stephan(6, TAMU);  Latimer Co., 5 mi. W. Red Oak, June-July2001, UV light, K. Stephan(6, TAMU);   Missouri(new state record):   Barry Co., SR112, 5.5 mi. S. Cassville, Deer Ridge Lodge,  10 June 2018, Skillmanand Wappes( FWSC).  South Carolina(new state record): Newberry Co., Saluda Riverand S. H. 121,  28 May 2017, at light, Kyle E. Schnepp( KESC). 4002780541 1938-06-18 TAMU Rollin Baker Mexico Burros Sierra 28 27 1 Coahuila de Zaragoza 4002780626 [298,820,1866,1893] MCZ Mexico Texas 28 27 1 Coahuila de Zaragoza holotype 4002780810 1985-04-27 RFMC Comal Co., N. & Cicero Mexico Honeycreek Nature Conservancy Bulverde 28 27 1 Coahuila de Zaragoza holotype 4002780655 [663,1440,1900,1927] 1987-06-25 Morris & Sites Mexico Crosby Co. White Riv. Res. Merc. Vap. 28 27 1 Coahuila de Zaragoza holotype 4002780378 [300,1339,213,241] 1989-06-18 1989-06-25 1989-06-18 RFMC R. F. Morris Dickens Co. White River 29 28 1 4002780464 1989-06-08 RAAC R. Morris Dickens Co. White River Lake 29 28 1 4002780575 1957-07-02 RFMC L. N. Bell Jeff Davis Co. Fort Davis 29 28 1 4002780431 [301,1268,282,308] 2014-06-24 FWSC F. W. Skillman Jr. 29 28 1 4002780630 1987-06-27 1987-07-01 1987-06-27 RFMC J. B. Heppner Jeff Davis Co. Mts. St. Pk. 29 28 1 4002780389 1974-06-07 RFMC D. E. Foster & J. V. Moody Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mtn. 29 28 1 4002780419 1987-07-04 RFMC R. Morris Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mtn. 29 28 1 4002780507 [291,1160,383,412] TAMU June-July, D. G & Marqua Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mtns. Resort 29 28 1 4002780446 1994-07-04 EGRC E. G. Riley Brazos Co. College Station 29 28 1 4002780621 [606,1436,417,444] 1999-06-29 1999-06-30 1999-06-29 EGRC E. G. Riley Jeff Davis Co. St. Pk. 29 28 1 4002780591 [191,1393,451,478] 1990-06-23 EGRC E. Riley & C. Wolfe Bandera Co. 29.81046 Lost Maples State Park 1 -99.57409 29 28 1 4002780343 1967-06-27 BTC B. A. Tilden Jeff Davis Co. Limpia Canyon 29 28 1 4002780624 1991-05 1991-06-31 1991-05 TAMU D. G. Marqua Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mtns. Resort 29 28 1 4002780524 2021-06-02 FWSC F. W. Skillman & Jr. Eastland Co. 32.364 5 mi. SW Eastland 55 -98.8925 29 28 1 4002780459 1988-05-13 RFMC R. Morris Kimble Co. Center Junction 29 28 1 4002780517 [290,1266,587,614] 1995-05-28 SWLC E. G. Riley Anderson Co. Engeling Wildlife Management Area 29 28 1 4002780745 1995-05-28 1995-06-03 1995-05-28 EGRC E. G. Riley Anderson Co. Engeling Wildlife Management Area 29 28 1 4002780428 1989-07-05 DJHC C. S. Wolfe Smith Co. Tyler State Park 29 28 1 4002780360 [560,1176,655,682] 1992-06 DJHC D. Walters China Bexar Co. Grove 29 28 1 4002780329 1992-05-28 DJHC D. W. Sundberg China Bexar Co. San Antonio 29 28 1 4002780308 1990-06-21 DJHC C. S. Wolfe China Val Verde Co. Langtry Rio Grande 29 28 1 4002780743 [366,1415,723,750] China Val Verde Co. 29.802 Gold Mine Canyon 73 -100.937 29 28 1 4002780461 2021-06-05 2021-07-14 2021-06-05 SWLC, DJHC B. Raber & Heffern China 29 28 407 4002780576 SWLC, DJHC June China May 29 28 1 4002780525 2020-08-29 2020-09-26 2020-08-29 DJHC E. Raber & D. Heffern China Val Verde Co. 387 29.798 Carlos Camp Spr. Devils 73 -101.0 Lindgren 29 28 387 4002780430 [192,848,859,886] 1966-08-26 FWSC R. R. Blume China Kerr Co. Kerrville 29 28 1 4002780521 2003-06-14 DJHC D. W. Sundberg China Bandera Co. Hill Country St. 29 28 1 4002780817 [553,996,893,920] USNM FC Pratt China Kerrville 29 28 1 4002780451 1990-05-15 TAMU W. F. Chamberlain China Kerrville 29 28 1 4002780407 [459,1340,927,954] 1978-05-08 1978-05-09 1978-05-08 FWSC J. E. Wappes China Hidalgo Co. Santa Ana National Refuge 29 28 1 4002780566 1987-05-02 EGRC E. G. Riley & F. Whitford China Hidalgo Co. Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge 29 28 1 4002780492 1989-06 EGRC E. G. Riley China Brazos Co. College Station 29 28 1 4002780377 2017-06 ABRC, EGCCRC V. Belov China Brazos Co. 30.5022 5 km SW Wellborn 6 -96.336 29 28 1 4002780696 1983-07 1983-08-31 1983-07 TAMU Marlin E. Rice China Wharton Co. Wharton Co. 29 28 1 4002780717 [414,1190,1063,1089] 1984-05 TAMU Marlin E. Rice China Wharton Co. Wharton Co. 29 28 1 4002780775 1937-06-23 TAMU China Texas Mexia 29 28 1 4002780436 [364,1242,1097,1123] 1930-05-20 TAMU S. E. Jones China College Station Texas Experimental Station 29 28 1 4002780404 1910-05-10 USNM China Rio Frio 29 28 1 4002780770 [457,1086,1131,1157] USNM C. V. Riley Collection China Texas 29 28 1 4002780694 1979-07-06 1979-07-09 1979-07-06 USNM W. Blackgum & D. and M. Davis China Sequoyah Co. Oklahoma Tenkiller Lake 29 28 1 4002780589 1966-06-15 FSCA N. Wilburton & H. V. Weems China Robber's Cave State Park Jr. 29 28 1 4002780730 1997-06 TAMU K. Stephan China Latimer Co. SW of Red Oak 29 28 1 4002780526 [497,1232,1232,1259] 1977-07-02 TAMU K. Stephan China Latimer Co. Red Oak 29 28 1 4002780702 TAMU K. Stephan China Latimer Co. Latimer Co. 29 28 1 4002780447 2017-05-28 2018-06-10 2017-05-28 FWSC, KESC Kyle E. Schnepp China Barry Co. Missouri Saluda River 29 28 1